gambierol has been researched along with Ciguatera-Poisoning* in 5 studies
1 review(s) available for gambierol and Ciguatera-Poisoning
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Ladder-Shaped Ion Channel Ligands: Current State of Knowledge.
Ciguatoxins (CTX) and brevetoxins (BTX) are polycyclic ethereal compounds biosynthesized by the worldwide distributed planktonic and epibenthic dinoflagellates of Topics: Animals; Ciguatera Poisoning; Ciguatoxins; Dinoflagellida; Humans; Ligands; Marine Toxins; Oxocins; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated | 2017 |
4 other study(ies) available for gambierol and Ciguatera-Poisoning
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Gambierol, a toxin produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus, is a potent blocker of voltage-gated potassium channels.
In this study, we pharmacologically characterized gambierol, a marine polycyclic ether toxin which is produced by the dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus. Besides several other polycyclic ether toxins like ciguatoxins, this scarcely studied toxin is one of the compounds that may be responsible for ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP). Unfortunately, the biological target(s) that underlies CFP is still partly unknown. Today, ciguatoxins are described to specifically activate voltage-gated sodium channels by interacting with their receptor site 5. But some dispute about the role of gambierol in the CFP story shows up: some describe voltage-gated sodium channels as the target, while others pinpoint voltage-gated potassium channels as targets. Since gambierol was never tested on isolated ion channels before, it was subjected in this work to extensive screening on a panel of 17 ion channels: nine cloned voltage-gated ion channels (mammalian Na(v)1.1-Na(v)1.8 and insect Para) and eight cloned voltage-gated potassium channels (mammalian K(v)1.1-K(v)1.6, hERG and insect ShakerIR) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes using two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. All tested sodium channel subtypes are insensitive to gambierol concentrations up to 10 microM. In contrast, K(v)1.2 is the most sensitive voltage-gated potassium channel subtype with almost full block (>97%) and an half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of 34.5 nM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study where the selectivity of gambierol is tested on isolated voltage-gated ion channels. Therefore, these results lead to a better understanding of gambierol and its possible role in CFP and they may also be useful in the development of more effective treatments. Topics: Animals; Ciguatera Poisoning; Ciguatoxins; Dinoflagellida; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Oocytes; Potassium Channel Blockers; Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; Sodium Channels; Xenopus laevis | 2008 |
TRPV1 as a key determinant in ciguatera and neurotoxic shellfish poisoning.
Ciguatera fish poisoning and neurotoxic shellfish poisoning are distinct clinical entities characterized by gastrointestinal and neurological disturbances, following the consumption of certain reef fish and shellfish containing toxic polyether compounds sporadically present in certain toxic marine dinoflagellates. The biotransformation and bioaccumulation of gambierol and brevetoxin, and their congeners, are believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of these "food-chain diseases", for which no effective treatments are available. Here, we describe for the first time the potent effect of gambierol and brevetoxin on TRPV1 channels, a key player in thermal and pain sensation. Our findings may lead to promising new therapeutic interventions. Topics: Animals; Ciguatera Poisoning; Ciguatoxins; Ethers, Cyclic; Humans; Marine Toxins; Oxocins; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Polycyclic Compounds; Shellfish; TRPV Cation Channels; Xenopus laevis | 2007 |
Total synthesis of gambierol: the generation of the A-C and F-H subunits by using a C-glycoside centered strategy.
Gambierol, a representative of the marine ladder toxin family, consists of eight ether rings, 18 stereocenters, and two challenging pyranyl rings having methyl groups that are in a 1,3-diaxial orientation to one another. Herein we describe the generation of gambierol's A-C and F-H ring systems and demonstrate the versatility of the glycosyl anhydride, enol ether-olefin RCM strategy to fused polycyclic ethers. This work has both enabled us to generate sufficient quantities of the gambierol precursors and has enabled us to better understand the chemical transformations that were key to these efforts. Fundamental work included efforts to C-glycosides and C-ketosides, Claisen rearrangements, and enol ether-olefin RCM reactions. Topics: Ciguatera Poisoning; Ciguatoxins; Cyclization; Epoxy Compounds; Ethers; Ethers, Cyclic; Glycosides; Indicators and Reagents; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Marine Toxins; Polycyclic Compounds | 2006 |
Pathological effects on mice by gambierol, possibly one of the ciguatera toxins.
Gambierol was isolated from Gambierdiscus toxicus, which causes ciguatera fish poisoning. The acute toxicological effects induced in mice by synthesized gambierol were studied. The lethal doses were about 80 microg/kg by i.p. and i.v., and 150 microg/kg by p.o. The main injury by this toxin was observed in the lung, and secondary in the heart, resulting in systemic congestion. Another toxic effect was seen in the stomach, inducing hypersecretion and ulceration. With survival from the severe stage during the initial 3 h, recovery was favorable, especially after 4 days. Additional effects were not evident during 1-week post-administration observation. Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Ciguatera Poisoning; Ciguatoxins; Dinoflagellida; Disease Models, Animal; Ethers, Cyclic; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Lethal Dose 50; Lung; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Myocardium; Polycyclic Compounds; Stomach | 2003 |