gadoxetic-acid-disodium and Carcinoma--Pancreatic-Ductal

Background It is debated whether diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), which is widely used for detection and characterization of various malignant tumors, is comparable with high-risk stigmata of 2012 international consensus guidelines (ICG) for diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs). Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of diffusion restriction in IPMNs for prediction of malignancy and invasiveness in comparison with high-risk stigmata of 2012 ICG. Material and Methods This retrospective study was institutional review board approved and informed consent was waived. A total of 132 patients with surgically proven IPMNs (49 malignant, 83 benign) who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and DWI with a b-value of 0, 100, and 800 s/mm

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Carcinoma, Papillary; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance; Consensus; Contrast Media; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Image Enhancement; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Pancreas; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Reproducibility of Results; Retrospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity

The purpose of this study was to assess value of contrast-enhanced MRI, MRCP, and DWI for differentiating mass-forming autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).. This study included 15 patients with mass-forming AIP and 79 with PDAC who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI with DWI and MRCP. Two radiologists evaluated the MRI findings in consensus. Statistically significant imaging findings were identified through univariate and multivariate analyses, and their diagnostic performance for predicting mass-forming AIP was analyzed.. In the univariate analysis, multiplicity, similar or high signal intensity on portal phase and 3- and 20-minute delayed phase images, homogeneous enhancement, no peripancreatic fat infiltration, no internal cystic or necrotic portion, capsulelike rim, no upstream pancreatitis, no vascular invasion, and duct penetrating sign were more frequently observed (p < 0.05) in mass-forming AIP. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value was also significantly lower for mass-forming AIP than for PDAC (0.96 ± 0.14 versus 1.13 ± 0.23 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s; p < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value of ADC for differentiating mass-forming AIP from PDAC was 0.9407 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s. In multivariate analysis, homogeneous enhancement (p = 0.001), duct penetrating sign (p < 0.001), and ADC value less than 0.9407 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s (p < 0.001) were significant for differentiating mass-forming AIP from PDAC. When two of these three criteria were combined, 80% (12/15) of mass-forming AIPs were identified with specificity of 98.7%. When all three criteria were satisfied, specificity was 100%.. Contrast-enhanced MRI with MRCP and DWI may be helpful for differentiating mass-forming AIP from PDAC.

Topics: Aged; Autoimmune Diseases; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis

To explore the efficiency, cost, and time for examination of one-stop-shop gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in preoperative evaluation for parent donors by comparing with multidetector computer tomography combined with conventional MR cholangiopancreatography (MDCT-MRCP).. Forty parent donors were evaluated with MDCT-MRCP, and the other 40 sex-, age-, and weight-matched donors with Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI. Anatomical variations and graft volume determined by pre- and intra-operative findings, costs and time for imaging were recorded. Image quality was ranked on a 4-point scale and compared between both groups.. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI provided better image quality than MDCT-MRCP for the depiction of portal veins and bile ducts by both reviewers (p < 0.05), hepatic veins by one reviewer (p < 0.05), rather hepatic arteries by both reviewers (p < 0.01). Sixty-nine living donors proceeded to liver donation with all anatomical findings accurately confirmed by intra-operative findings. The "in-room" time of Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI was 12 min longer than MDCT-MRCP. Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI was cheaper than MDCT-MRCP (US$519.72 vs. US$631.85).. One-stop-shop Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI has similar diagnostic accuracy as MDCT-MRCP and can provide additional benefit in terms of costs and convenience in preoperative evaluation for parent donors.

Topics: Adult; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Case-Control Studies; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance; Contrast Media; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Living Donors; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Young Adult

To evaluate the benefit of adding diffusion-weighted ( DW diffusion weighted ) imaging to conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the preoperative detection of small pancreatic adenocarcinoma (≤ 3.0 cm).. The institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived the requirement for informed consent. This study included 83 patients (56 men, 27 women) with surgically confirmed pancreatic adenocarcinoma of 3.0 cm or smaller and 12 patients (nine men, three women) with histologically proven focal pancreatitis who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging and DW diffusion weighted imaging at 3.0 T. Two observers reviewed the two image sets, a conventional MR image set and a combined image set including DW diffusion weighted images, to evaluate tumor conspicuity using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Contrast ratios between the tumor and proximal or distal pancreas on T1- and T2-weighted images, arterial and portal phase images, and DW diffusion weighted images obtained with a b value of 800 sec/mm(2) were compared by using one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis test.. On DW diffusion weighted images, all tumors but two were delineated as completely (32 of 83, 39%) or partially (49 of 83, 59%) hyperintense. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values for the two observers were 0.890 and 0.884 for the conventional image set and 0.976 and 0.978 for the combined image set (P = .01 and P = .04), respectively. In regard to tumor detection, the combined image set (98%, 81 of 83 [observer 1]; 96%, 80 of 83 [observer 2]) yielded better sensitivity than the conventional image set (75%, 62 of 83 [observer 1]; 76%, 63 of 83 [observer 2]) (P < .001). Contrast ratios of tumor to proximal or distal pancreas were significantly higher with DW diffusion weighted images than with other images (P < .001).. In preoperative evaluation of small pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the addition of DW diffusion weighted imaging to conventional MR imaging improves the sensitivity of cancer detection.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance; Contrast Media; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; Male; Middle Aged; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Quality Improvement; Retrospective Studies

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the use of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) increases diagnostic accuracy in the differentiation of malignant from benign intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas over the accuracy of contrast-enhanced MRI with MRCP.. A total of 61 patients with surgically resected IPMNs (19 malignant, 42 benign) who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI, DWI, and MRCP were included. Two blinded observers evaluated two image sets, that is, conventional MRI with MRCP images versus combined conventional MRI with MRCP and DW images, and scored their confidence for malignancy of IPMNs. Qualitative analyses of the IPMNs were also conducted. Diagnostic performance (ROC curve analysis), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were evaluated. The Fisher exact test was used to compare groups.. The diagnostic performance (area under the ROC curve [Az]) with respect to predicting malignancy of IPMNs improved significantly for both observers after additional review of DW images (p < 0.05). The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of combined conventional and DW images were higher than those of conventional MR images alone. Diffusion restriction was more often present in malignant IPMNs (78.9%) than in benign IPMNs (16.7%) (p < 0.001) with excellent interobserver agreement (ĸ = 0.965).. Compared with conventional MRI alone, adding DWI to conventional MRI improves diagnostic accuracy with increased specificity for differentiating malignant from benign IPMNs of the pancreas.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Male; Observer Variation; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity