gadoxetic-acid-disodium and Adenoma

The goal of medical imaging is not only to identify the entity "hepatocellular adenoma," but to detect typical magnetic resonance (MR) patterns of the subtypes so that lesions with a higher malignant transformation rate could be differentiated from those that should just be controlled.. To evaluate the differentiation between subtypes of hepatocellular adenomas using hepatobiliary specific contrast agent (Gd-EOB-DTPA) in MR imaging.. A total of 11 patients with 39 lesions with histologically proven hepatocellular adenomas were evaluated. Of the, 34 were inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCA) and 5 were HNF1α adenomas. No β-catenin-mutated adenoma was found. In all patients, a standard protocol considering the guidelines of the international consensus conference of Gd-EOB-DTPA was performed in a 1.5-T scanner. Besides a qualitative analysis of all sequences, we measured the quantitative signal intensity (SI) ratio in all examinations.. Subtyping of hepatocellular adenomas using Gd-EOB-DTPA is possible due to qualitative and quantitative analyses regarding T1W precontrast and portalvenous phase. In addition, the SI ratio and liver-to-lesion contrast ratio in the arterial phase gave additional qualitative information for differentiation.

Topics: Adenoma; Adenoma, Liver Cell; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Contrast Media; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

To characterize the MRI appearance of inflammatory hepatic adenomas using hepatobiliary contrast agents.. MRI was performed using hepatobiliary contrast agents (3 with gadobenate dimeglumine and 24 with gadoxetic acid) in 27 patients with immunohistochemistry-confirmed diagnosis of inflammatory hepatic adenoma. The appearance of the lesions on T2 and diffusion-weighted images, pre-gadolinium T1-weighted images, dynamic post-gadolinium images, and hepatobiliary phase images was assessed.. Seven lesions (26%) showed predominant hyperenhancement on hepatobiliary phase images in comparison with adjacent hepatic parenchyma: 1 lesion showed diffuse, mildly heterogeneous hyperenhancement, and the remaining 6 lesions showed peripheral hyperenhancement and central hypoenhancement. Twenty lesions (74%) were predominantly hypoenhancing compared to adjacent liver on hepatobiliary phase images. Nine lesions showed a pattern of peripheral hyperenhancement and central hypoenhancement on hepatobiliary phase images; in 6 of these lesions a majority of the mass appeared hyperenhancing, while the remaining 3 lesions showed predominant hypoenhancement.. This investigation shows that a significant percentage of inflammatory hepatic adenomas appear isointense or hyperintense in comparison to adjacent normal liver on hepatobiliary phase images, and therefore this feature should not be used to distinguish hepatic adenomas from focal nodular hyperplasia without additional supporting evidence.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Contrast Media; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Fatty Liver; Female; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia; Gadolinium; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Inflammation; Liver; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Organometallic Compounds; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult

To determine which clinical variables and gadoxetic acid disodium (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features are associated with histologically proved hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) genotypic subtypes.. In this institutional review board-approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study, clinical information and MR images of 49 histologically proved HCAs from January 2002 to December 2013 (21 patients; mean age, 39 years; age range, 15-59 years) were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. Qualitative and quantitative imaging features, including the signal intensity ratio relative to liver in each phase, were studied. HCA tissues were stained with subtype-specific markers and subclassified by a pathologist. Clinical and imaging data were correlated with pathologic findings and compared by using Fisher exact or t test, with a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.. Forty-nine HCAs were subclassified into 14 inflammatory, 20 hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1α-mutated, one β-catenin-activated, and 14 unclassified lesions. Intralesional steatosis was exclusively seen in HNF-1α-mutated lesions. Marked hyperintensity on T2-weighted images was seen in 12 of 14 (86%) inflammatory lesions compared with four of 21 (19%) HNF-1α-mutated, seven of 14 (50%) unclassified, and zero of one (0%) β-catenin-activated lesion. Two large lesions (one β-catenin-activated and one unclassified) transformed into hepatocellular carcinomas and were the only lesions to enhance with marked heterogeneity. In the hepatobiliary phase, all HCA subtypes were hypoenhancing compared with surrounding liver parenchyma, and they reached their nadir signal intensity by 10 minutes after the administration of contrast material before plateauing. HNF-1α-mutated lesions had the lowest lesion signal intensity ratio of 0.47 ± 0.09, compared with 0.73 ± 0.18 for inflammatory lesions (P = .0004), 0.82 for the β-catenin-activated lesion, and 0.73 ± 0.06 for the unclassified lesion (P = .00002).. In this study, all HCA subtypes were hypoenhancing at Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR imaging in the hepatobiliary phase and reached their nadir signal intensity at 10 minutes. HNF-1α-mutated lesions could be distinguished from other subtypes by having the lowest lesion signal intensity ratio.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Contrast Media; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged

History An asymptomatic 33-year-old woman was referred to the Hepatology Department in 2013 for work-up of indeterminate multifocal liver masses. These lesions were discovered incidentally at multiphase contrast material-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (CT) performed in 2004 to investigate right lower quadrant pain. Imaging surveillance at sporadic intervals revealed slow progressive growth of the lesions over time; however, the number of lesions remained constant. There was no history of cancer, nor were there predisposing factors for chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. The patient had a history of menorrhagia, which was managed with oral contraceptive use for 20 years; this was stopped in 2013 after hysterectomy. The patient's γ-glutamyl transferase (77 U/L [1.28 μkat/L]; normal level, <55 U/L [<0.92 μkat/L]) and C-reactive protein (97.1 mg/L [924.8 nmol/L]; normal level, <8 mg/L [<76.2 nmol/L]]) levels were chronically elevated at serum testing. In 2013, 9 years after the initial CT examination, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with gadoxetic acid (Primovist; Bayer Healthcare, Whippany, NJ) was performed. Finally, ultrasonography (US)-guided biopsy of one of the lesions (in segment 5/6) was performed a year after MR imaging.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Biomarkers, Tumor; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease Progression; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Image-Guided Biopsy; Incidental Findings; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Risk Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography, Interventional

To describe the natural history of liver adenomatosis (LA), including complications and changes in lesion size over time.. Eighteen patients with clinical diagnosis of LA were included. Clinical and biochemical information were collected. The initial and follow-up MR studies were reviewed retrospectively to determine change in lesion size and imaging features.. Seventeen patients were women (94.4%). The mean age of the initial MR study was 37.0 years (18-52 years). The median size of the largest lesion was 6.7 cm (range 3.0-13.5 cm). Intratumoral bleeding was detected on MRI in 9 lesions, in 7 patients (38.8%). The median size for hemorrhagic lesions was 7.6 cm (range 4.1-13.5 cm). During the mean follow-up period of 29.4 (range 4-98) months, 10 patients had stable disease (55.6%), and 8 patients had tumor regression (44.4%). Of 8 patients who were followed without intervention, 3 patients (37.5%) had spontaneous regression. No malignant transformation or lesion progression was occurred.. During an over 2-year follow-up period, the majority of lesions of LA appeared to remain stable or showed tumor regression. Spontaneous tumor regression can be observed in approximately 37% of individuals in the age range of 28-53 years.

Topics: Adenoma; Adolescent; Adult; Contrast Media; Disease Progression; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meglumine; Middle Aged; Organometallic Compounds; Remission, Spontaneous; Retrospective Studies

To evaluate diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI), gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging and the combination of both methods in the detection, classification, and characterization of focal liver lesions (FLL).. A total of 119 FLL (28 HCCs, 39 metastases, 15 FNHs, 11 adenomas, 13 hemangiomas, 13 cysts) were retrospectively analyzed in 36 patients. In those patients MR imaging of the liver comprising respiratory-triggered DWI (b values of 50, 300, and 600 s/mm(2)) and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging including image acquisition in the hepatocyte-selective phase (20 min post injection) had been performed. Three image sets were assigned and compared: DWI only (set A), gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging only (set B), and both modalities in combination (set C). Two readers independently interpreted the images in random order. For each reader and image set, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) and sensitivity in the detection of FLL was determined as well as the accuracy in the classification and characterization of FLL.. There was no significant difference between the three image sets in the detection of FLL with regards to Az. However, when only lesions with a diameter of 10 mm or less were analyzed, the Az values of set C were significantly higher than those of sets A and B for both readers. For classifying and characterizing FLL both set B and C were significantly superior to set A.. Adding DWI to gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging significantly increases the accuracy in the detection of small FLL.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Contrast Media; Cysts; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Hemangioma; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Liver; Liver Diseases; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Sensitivity and Specificity

Topics: Adenoma; Contrast Media; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Mesenteric Veins; Middle Aged; Portal Vein; Splenic Vein; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vena Cava, Inferior

To characterize imaging features of histologically proven hepatic adenoma (HA) as well as histologically and/or radiologically proven focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) using delayed hepatobiliary MR imaging with 0.05 mmol/kg gadoxetic acid.. Five patients with six HAs with histological correlation were retrospectively identified on liver MRI studies performed with gadoxetic acid, and T1-weighted imaging acquired during the delayed hepatobiliary phase. Additionally, 23 patients with 34 radiologically diagnosed FNH lesions (interpreted without consideration of delayed imaging) were identified, two of which also had histological confirmation. Signal intensity ratios relative to adjacent liver were measured on selected imaging sequences.. All six hepatic adenomas (100%), which had histological confirmation, demonstrated hypointensity relative to adjacent liver on delayed imaging. Furthermore, all of the FNH (including 34 radiologically proven, 2 of which were also histologically proven) were either hyperintense (23/34, 68%) or isointense (11/34, 32%) relative to the adjacent liver on delayed imaging. None of the FNHs were hypointense relative to liver.. Distinct imaging characteristics of HA versus FNH on delayed gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI, with adenomas being hypointense and FNH being iso- or hyperintense on delayed imaging may improve specificity for characterization, and aid in the differentiation of these two lesions.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Contrast Media; Female; Focal Nodular Hyperplasia; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity; Young Adult

The purpose of our study was to describe the MR signal characteristics of histologically proven liver adenomatosis in three patients using gadoxetic acid, a newly developed liver-specific MR contrast agent.. In all three patients, more than 100 liver adenomas revealed no metabolism of the new liver-specific contrast agent in the delayed phase. Because of absent or strongly reduced intracellular uptake of gadoxetic acid in all adenomas during delayed contrast-enhanced series, differentiation of adenomas from dysplastic or malignant lesions was not possible.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Contrast Media; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged

To detect hepatocyte-selective enhancement of focal lesions with gadoxetic acid at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to correlate enhancement in hepatocyte-selective phases with histopathologic findings and in arterial and portal venous phases with biphasic computed tomographic (CT) findings.. Study was supported by local ethics committee; all patients gave written informed consent. In 19 men and 14 women recruited in three clinical studies, histopathologic correlation and CT scans of 41 focal lesions (13 primary malignant lesions, 21 metastases, three adenomas, three cases of focal nodular hyperplasia [FNH], and one cystadenoma) and ultrasonographic confirmation of five cysts were available. MR was performed before and during arterial and portal venous phases and in hepatocyte-selective phases 10 and 20 minutes after injection of gadoxetic acid. Enhancement was evaluated in consensus by two observers. Enhancement pattern and morphologic features during arterial and portal venous phases were correlated between gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR and CT images by means of adjusted chi(2) test.. Hepatocyte-selective uptake was observed 10 and 20 minutes after injection in FNH (three of three), adenoma (two of three), cystadenoma (one of one), and highly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC [grade G1], two of four). Uptake was not detected in metastases (21 of 21), cholangiocarcinoma (three of three), combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (one of one), undifferentiated carcinoma (one of one), moderately or poorly differentiated HCC (grade G2-G3) (four of four), HCC (grade G1, two of four), adenoma with atypia (one of three), or cysts (five of five). During arterial and portal venous phases, there was high overall agreement rate of 0.963 between gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR and CT (simultaneous 95% confidence interval: 0.945, 0.981).. Liver-specific enhancement of focal lesions is hepatocyte selective and correlates with various histopathologic diagnoses regarding presence of certain hepatocytic functions. Arterial and portal venous MR images obtained with gadoxetic acid are comparable to those of CT.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Cholangiocarcinoma; Cystadenoma; Cysts; Female; Gadolinium DTPA; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed