g(m1)-ganglioside and Mucopolysaccharidoses

Topics: Aspartylglucosaminuria; Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Chromatography, Paper; Fucose; G(M1) Ganglioside; Gangliosidoses; Glucosidases; Glycoproteins; Humans; Lactose Intolerance; Mannose; Mucolipidoses; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Neuraminidase; Oligosaccharides; Sandhoff Disease

Topics: G(M1) Ganglioside; G(M2) Ganglioside; G(M3) Ganglioside; Gangliosidoses; Genetic Carrier Screening; Genetic Counseling; Glycoside Hydrolases; Humans; Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic; Lipidoses; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Mucopolysaccharidosis I; Mucopolysaccharidosis III; Mucopolysaccharidosis IV; Mucopolysaccharidosis VI; Phenotype; Polymorphism, Genetic

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of inherited metabolic diseases caused by mutations leading to defective degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and their accumulation in cells. Among 11 known types and subtypes of MPS, neuronopathy occurs in seven (MPS I, II, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC, IIID, VII). Brain dysfunctions, occurring in these seven types/subtypes include various behavioral disorders. Intriguingly, behavioral symptoms are significantly different between patients suffering from various MPS types. Molecular base of such differences remains unknown. Here, we asked if expression of genes considered as connected to behavior (based on Gene Ontology, GO terms) is changed in MPS. Using cell lines of all MPS types, we have performed transcriptomic (RNA-seq) studies and assessed expression of genes involved in behavior. We found significant differences between MPS types in this regard, with the most severe changes in MPS IIIA (the type considered as the behaviorally most severely affected), while the lowest changes in MPS IVA and MPS VI (types in which little or no behavioral disorders are known). Intriguingly, relatively severe changes were found also in MPS IVB (in which, despite no behavioral disorder noted, the same gene is mutated as in GM1 gangliosidosis, a severe neurodegenerative disease) and MPS IX (in which only a few patients were described to date, thus, behavioral problems are not well recognized). More detailed analyses of expression of certain genes allowed us to propose an association of specific changes in the levels of transcripts in specific MPS types to certain behavioral disorders observed in patients. Therefore, this work provides a principle for further studies on the molecular mechanism of behavioral changes occurring in MPS patients.

Topics: Brain; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; G(M1) Ganglioside; Humans; Infant; Male; Mental Disorders; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Transcriptome

This communication reports the clinical and biochemical results in six patients: four with mucopolysaccharidosis, one with GM1 gangliosidosis (Morquio B) and one with I-cell disease, who were treated by amniotic tissue transplantation. The sole evident clinical result was the diminishing of corneal clouding in three cases. A slight increase of beta-galactosidase activity in one patient's plasma was observed. The time of improvement was about 2 months after the transplantation and was transitory.

Topics: Amnion; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; G(M1) Ganglioside; Gangliosidoses; Humans; Male; Mucolipidoses; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Mucopolysaccharidosis I; Mucopolysaccharidosis VI

Urine samples from patients with different types of glycoprotein storage disease were chromatographed by gel filtration and the fractions analysed for sialic acid. Patients with mucolipidoses I and II excreted the largest amounts of bound sialic acid. One patient with GM1 gangliosidosis showed an abnormal level of sialyloligosaccharide excretion. Other patients showed normal results. With the present method mucolipidoses I and II, together with GM1 gangliosidosis, are readily distinguished from other possible oligosaccharidurias.

Topics: G(M1) Ganglioside; Gangliosidoses; Humans; Lactose Intolerance; Mucolipidoses; Mucopolysaccharidoses; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid; Neuraminidase; Oligosaccharides; Sialic Acids

Topics: G(M1) Ganglioside; Gangliosidoses; Humans; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Tay-Sachs Disease

The pathologic changes in a rare case of mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type IIIB or Sanfilippo's syndrome B (absence of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase) are presented, along with the biochemical findings. Comparisons were made with other reported cases of MPS III subtypes and related storage disorders in terms of clinical, light microscopic, electron microscopic, and chemical findings, and a correlation of the ultrastructural changes made with the severe neurological dysfunction noted in this disorder. At present, MPS III subtypes cannot be separated from one another by morphological means because the same expression and distribution of lesions may be encountered among differing subtypes.

Topics: Adolescent; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cerebral Cortex; Cerebrosides; Electrophoresis; Female; G(M1) Ganglioside; G(M2) Ganglioside; Glycosaminoglycans; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Mucopolysaccharidosis III

An adult patient with macular cherry-red spots, a gargoyle-like physical appearance, cerebellar ataxia, myoclonus, convulsive seizures, and pyramidal tract signs showed a profound deficiency of beta-galactosidase in liver and brain. Thrombocytopathy of undetermined etiology was evident since childhood, and the patient died of intracranial bleeding at age 22. Cerebral ganglioside pattern was normal. Hepatic mucopolysaccharides were not increased. GM1-gangliosidosis and mucopolysaccharidosis were ruled out by those analytical data. However, a large amount of amylopectin-like polysaccharide was found to be accumulated in liver. Hepatocyte contained numerous inclusion bodies with granulofibrillary structure similar to Lafora bodies, corpora amylacea, and inclusion bodies in glycogenosis type IV. This case seems to represent a new inborn metabolic disease closely related to GM1-gangliosidosis and mucopolysaccharidosis. The primary metabolic defect is not known at present.

Topics: Adult; Blood Platelet Disorders; Brain; Cerebellar Ataxia; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; G(M1) Ganglioside; Galactosidases; Hexoses; Humans; Liver; Lysosomes; Male; Mucolipidoses; Mucopolysaccharidoses; Polysaccharides; Skin; Skin Manifestations; Spinal Cord; Syndrome