g(m1)-ganglioside and Leukemia--Myeloid

When human myeloid and monocytoid leukemic cell lines HL-60 and U937, respectively, were treated with an exogenous sialoglycosphingolipid, ganglioside GM3, in serum-free medium, cell growth was markedly inhibited, and their morphological maturation along a monocytic lineage was observed. In addition to a significant increase in phagocytic and nonspecific esterase activities, marked increase of monocyte-specific surface antigens detectable with monoclonal antibodies such as OKM1 and OKM5 was observed in GM3-fed cells. Other sialoglycosphingolipids with the carbohydrate structure belonging to ganglio-series oligosaccharide, ganglioside GM1 and a brain ganglioside mixture, had no effect on the cell differentiation, showing instead stimulatory actions on the growth of these cell lines. We recently demonstrated that the ganglio-series ganglioside GM3 characteristically increased during macrophage-like cell differentiation of these cell lines. The present results indicate that ganglioside molecular species that specifically increase during monocytic cell differentiation of human myeloid and monocytoid leukemic cell lines may play, in turn, an important role in the differentiation-induction of these cell lines along a monocytic cell lineage.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Cattle; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; G(M1) Ganglioside; G(M3) Ganglioside; Gangliosides; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Monocytes

Topics: Animals; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Membrane; Concanavalin A; Female; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glycosphingolipids; Guinea Pigs; Leukemia, Experimental; Leukemia, Myeloid; Lymphocytes; Lymphokines; Macrophages; Mice; Spleen; Tuberculin

Binding of purified cholera toxin to cell surface receptors has been visualized by an indirect immunofluorescence procedure. Normal nucleated cells from blood, bone marrow and lymphoid tissues, express these receptors with the possible exception of erythroid precursors. Cells from patients with chronic lymphoid or myeloid leukaemias have a normal receptor expression but acute leukaemic cells showed a marked deficiency in cholera toxin binding. Insertion of purified Gm ganglioside into membranes of acute leukaemic cells provided cellular binding sites for the toxin.

Topics: Bacterial Toxins; Binding Sites, Antibody; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; G(M1) Ganglioside; Glycosphingolipids; Humans; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Leukemia, Myeloid; Lymphocyte Activation; Neuraminidase; Receptors, Drug; Vibrio cholerae