Page last updated: 2024-10-27

furosemide and Kidney Stones

furosemide has been researched along with Kidney Stones in 37 studies

Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis in low-birth-weight, preterm neonates are well-documented complications of furosemide administration."7.72Furosemide nephrolithiasis causing ureteral obstruction and urinoma in a preterm neonate. ( Alpert, SA; Noe, HN, 2004)
"Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis developed in five children after furosemide therapy for congestive heart failure."7.69Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis in infants with congestive heart failure treated with furosemide. ( Alon, US; Garola, RE; Scagliotti, D, 1994)
" This severe hypokalemia-induced quadriparesis was precipitated by repeated furosemide injections, use of potassium-free fluid as maintenance, intracellular shift due to free water administration in this patient, who had pre-existing distal renal tubular acidosis."3.88Life-Threatening Hypokalemic Quadriplegia in a Postoperative Patient. ( Kamal, M; S, A; Singariya, G; Suthar, OP, 2018)
"Nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis in low-birth-weight, preterm neonates are well-documented complications of furosemide administration."3.72Furosemide nephrolithiasis causing ureteral obstruction and urinoma in a preterm neonate. ( Alpert, SA; Noe, HN, 2004)
"Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis developed in five children after furosemide therapy for congestive heart failure."3.69Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis in infants with congestive heart failure treated with furosemide. ( Alon, US; Garola, RE; Scagliotti, D, 1994)
" The patient was born prematurely and developed kidney stones as a complication of furosemide therapy."3.69The Hickman peel-away sheath: alternative for pediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy. ( Black, T; Figueroa, TE; Helal, M; Lockhart, J, 1997)
" The probable mechanism of stone formation was hypercalciuria due to furosemide therapy (nine patients) and congenital hyperparathyroidism (one patient)."3.67Nephrolithiasis in premature infants. ( Fernal, W; Gilsanz, V; Ramos, A; Reid, BS; Stanley, P, 1985)
"Incomplete distal renal tubular acidosis is a well known cause of calcareous nephrolithiasis but the prevalence is unknown, mostly due to lack of accepted diagnostic tests and criteria."1.46Furosemide/Fludrocortisone Test and Clinical Parameters to Diagnose Incomplete Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis in Kidney Stone Formers. ( Anderegg, M; Dhayat, NA; Fuster, DG; Gradwell, MW; Luethi, D; Mattmann, C; Moe, OW; Pathare, G; Schneider, L; Vogt, B, 2017)
"Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is associated with renal stone disease, and it often needs to be considered and excluded in some recurrent calcium kidney stone formers (KSFs)."1.43Selective screening for distal renal tubular acidosis in recurrent kidney stone formers: initial experience and comparison of the simultaneous furosemide and fludrocortisone test with the short ammonium chloride test. ( Ahmed, F; Chen, L; Ferraro, PM; Moochhala, S; Shavit, L; Unwin, R; Walsh, SB, 2016)
"Ten consecutive patients with renal calculi underwent a modified four-detector multislice CTU with frusemide, abdominal compression and subsequent injection with contrast medium."1.33Planning percutaneous nephrolithotomy using multidetector computed tomography urography, multiplanar reconstruction and three-dimensional reformatting. ( Mostafid, H; Thiruchelvam, N; Ubhayakar, G, 2005)
"Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is an uncommon, self-limiting panniculitis that usually occurs in full-term infants as a consequence of perinatal asphyxia."1.33Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn: be aware of hypercalcaemia. ( Borgia, F; Cacace, C; Cannavo, SP; De Pasquale, L; Guarneri, C; Meo, P, 2006)
"Though the coexistence of nephrolithiasis and cholelithiasis in premature infants is extremely rare, we report four patients seen in a two year period."1.28Coexisting nephrolithiasis and cholelithiasis in premature infants. ( Blickman, JG; Cleveland, RH; Herrin, JT; Jaramillo, D, 1991)
"A patient with persistent renal colic and a caliceal stone is presented."1.28Renal scintigraphy in the diagnosis and surgical management of a patient with caliceal colic: a case report. ( Arrington, ER; Eisenberg, B; Gibel, LJ; Mouchizadeh, J, 1990)
"Renal calculi were seen in four patients, sonographically demonstrated as echogenic foci in the dependent portion of the collecting system, usually accompanied by acoustic shadowing."1.27Ultrasound diagnosis of renal calcification in infants on chronic furosemide therapy. ( Adelman, RD; Goetzman, BW; McGahan, JP; Myracle, MR, 1986)

Research

Studies (37)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199014 (37.84)18.7374
1990's9 (24.32)18.2507
2000's8 (21.62)29.6817
2010's5 (13.51)24.3611
2020's1 (2.70)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Mamaev, IE3
Akhmedov, KK3
Dolomanov, KA3
Saypulaev, GS3
Bolotov, AD3
Yusufov, AG3
Kotov, SV3
Dhayat, NA1
Gradwell, MW1
Pathare, G1
Anderegg, M1
Schneider, L1
Luethi, D1
Mattmann, C1
Moe, OW1
Vogt, B1
Fuster, DG1
Kamal, M1
Singariya, G1
Suthar, OP1
S, A1
Liu, LR1
Li, QJ1
Wei, Q1
Liu, ZH1
Xu, Y1
Shavit, L1
Chen, L1
Ahmed, F1
Ferraro, PM1
Moochhala, S1
Walsh, SB1
Unwin, R1
Serra Soler, G1
García Fernández, H1
Quevedo Juanals, J1
Argüelles Jiménez, I1
Carrillo García, P1
Alpert, SA1
Noe, HN2
Karabacakoglu, A1
Karakose, S1
Ince, O1
Cobankara, OE1
Karalezli, G1
Cheong, HI1
Lee, JW1
Zheng, SH1
Lee, JH1
Kang, JH1
Kang, HG1
Ha, IS1
Lee, SJ1
Choi, Y1
Thiruchelvam, N1
Mostafid, H1
Ubhayakar, G1
Borgia, F1
De Pasquale, L1
Cacace, C1
Meo, P1
Guarneri, C1
Cannavo, SP1
Ali, SK1
Glasier, CM1
Stoddard, RA1
Ackerman, NB1
McCurdy, FA1
Null, DM1
deLemos, RA1
Venkataraman, PS1
Han, BK1
Tsang, RC1
Daugherty, CC1
Bryant, JF1
Roy, S1
Stapleton, FB1
Goldsmith, MA1
Bhatia, SS1
Kanto, WP1
Kutner, MH1
Rudman, D1
Hufnagle, KG1
Khan, SN1
Penn, D1
Cacciarelli, A1
Williams, P1
Alon, US1
Scagliotti, D1
Garola, RE1
Reynolds, TM1
Burgess, N1
Matanhelia, S1
Brain, A1
Penney, MD1
Helal, M1
Black, T1
Lockhart, J1
Figueroa, TE1
Libenson, MH1
Kaye, EM1
Rosman, NP1
Gilmore, HE1
D'a Honey, RJ1
Luymes, J1
Weir, MJ1
Kodama, R1
Tariq, N1
Nolte-Ernsting, CC1
Wildberger, JE1
Borchers, H1
Schmitz-Rode, T1
Günther, RW1
Mansion, C1
Petit, J1
Remond, A1
Lambrey, G1
Fournier, A1
Quichaud, J1
Blickman, JG1
Herrin, JT1
Cleveland, RH1
Jaramillo, D1
Iudin, LA1
Reznichenko, AA1
Uskov, IA1
Gol'dman, VE1
Ivanova, IuV1
Naryshkina, VM1
Budkevich, IuB1
Grimm, P1
Nowitzki, S1
Classen, HG1
Eisenberg, B1
Arrington, ER1
Mouchizadeh, J1
Gibel, LJ1
Brownlee, N1
Foster, M1
Griffith, DP1
Carlton, CE1
Itami, N1
Kawaguti, M1
Akutsu, Y1
Mizutani, K1
Tochimaru, H1
Takekoshi, Y1
Ezzedeen, F1
Adelman, RD2
Ahlfors, CE1
Myracle, MR1
McGahan, JP1
Goetzman, BW1
Sutton, RA1
Gilsanz, V1
Fernal, W1
Reid, BS1
Stanley, P1
Ramos, A1
Sherwood, T1
Pak, CY1
Ruskin, B1
Diller, E1
Kallistraos, G1
Fenner, O1

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Single Dose of Furosemide to Improve Respiratory Distress in Moderate to Severe Bronchiolitis[NCT02469597]Phase 246 participants (Actual)Interventional2013-10-31Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Length of Hospital Stay

(NCT02469597)
Timeframe: Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay up to 1 week

InterventionDays (Least Squares Mean)
Single Dose of Furosemide3.1
Placebo3.0

Oxygen Saturation

(NCT02469597)
Timeframe: 2 hours after medication adminstration

InterventionPercentage change in oxygen saturation (Least Squares Mean)
Single Dose of Furosemide-0.14
Placebo0.2

Oxygen Saturation

(NCT02469597)
Timeframe: 4 hours after medication adminstration

InterventionPercentage change in oxygen saturation (Least Squares Mean)
Single Dose of Furosemide-0.19
Placebo0.29

Patient Needing Endotracheal Intubation

(NCT02469597)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours of medication administration

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Single Dose of Furosemide0
Placebo0

Respiratory Rate

(NCT02469597)
Timeframe: 2 hours after medication adminstration

InterventionPercentage change in respiratory rate (Least Squares Mean)
Single Dose of Furosemide-3.7
Placebo-1.7

Respiratory Rate

(NCT02469597)
Timeframe: 4 hours after medication adminstration

InterventionPercentage change in respiratory rate (Least Squares Mean)
Single Dose of Furosemide-2.8
Placebo-5.4

Reviews

3 reviews available for furosemide and Kidney Stones

ArticleYear
Percussion, diuresis, and inversion therapy for the passage of lower pole kidney stones following shock wave lithotripsy.
    The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2013, Dec-08, Issue:12

    Topics: Diuresis; Diuretics; Drainage; Drinking Water; Furosemide; Head-Down Tilt; Humans; Kidney Calculi; P

2013
Diuretics and calcium metabolism.
    American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 1985, Volume: 5, Issue:1

    Topics: Absorption; Acetazolamide; Adult; Animals; Benzothiadiazines; Calcium; Diuretics; Dogs; Furosemide;

1985
The physiology of intravenous urography.
    The Scientific basis of medicine annual reviews, 1971

    Topics: Angiography; Biological Transport, Active; Contrast Media; Dehydration; Diuresis; Furosemide; Glomer

1971

Trials

1 trial available for furosemide and Kidney Stones

ArticleYear
Acetazolamide and furosemide for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus of the newborn.
    Pediatric neurology, 1999, Volume: 20, Issue:3

    Topics: Acetazolamide; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Diuretics; Drainage; Drug Therapy, C

1999

Other Studies

33 other studies available for furosemide and Kidney Stones

ArticleYear
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
[Roadmap of ultrasound-guided percutaneous access to the renal collecting system].
    Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999), 2022, Issue:5

    Topics: Contrast Media; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; Treatment Outcome; Ul

2022
Furosemide/Fludrocortisone Test and Clinical Parameters to Diagnose Incomplete Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis in Kidney Stone Formers.
    Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2017, Sep-07, Volume: 12, Issue:9

    Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adult; Ammonium Chloride; Female; Fludrocortisone; Furosemide; Humans; Kidn

2017
Life-Threatening Hypokalemic Quadriplegia in a Postoperative Patient.
    Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP, 2018, Volume: 28, Issue:3

    Topics: Abdominal Pain; Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Female; Furosemide; Hematuria; Humans; Hypernatremia; Hypok

2018
Selective screening for distal renal tubular acidosis in recurrent kidney stone formers: initial experience and comparison of the simultaneous furosemide and fludrocortisone test with the short ammonium chloride test.
    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2016, Volume: 31, Issue:11

    Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Adult; Ammonium Chloride; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Biomarkers; Diuretics;

2016
[Parathyroid crisis due to a cystic parathyroid adenoma].
    Endocrinologia y nutricion : organo de la Sociedad Espanola de Endocrinologia y Nutricion, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:3

    Topics: Bone Density Conservation Agents; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Calcitonin; Colectomy; Colonic Diseases;

2011
Furosemide nephrolithiasis causing ureteral obstruction and urinoma in a preterm neonate.
    Urology, 2004, Volume: 64, Issue:3

    Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Diuretics; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hyaline Membrane Disease; Hydronephrosis

2004
Diagnostic value of diuretic-enhanced excretory MR urography in patients with obstructive uropathy.
    European journal of radiology, 2004, Volume: 52, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Contrast Media; Dilatation, Pathologic; Diuretics; Female; Furosemid

2004
Phenotype and genotype of Dent's disease in three Korean boys.
    Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 2005, Volume: 20, Issue:4

    Topics: Arginine; Asian People; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloride Channels; Codon, Nonsense; Diuretics; Furo

2005
Planning percutaneous nephrolithotomy using multidetector computed tomography urography, multiplanar reconstruction and three-dimensional reformatting.
    BJU international, 2005, Volume: 95, Issue:9

    Topics: Diuretics; Furosemide; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Kidney Calculi; Nephrostomy, Per

2005
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn: be aware of hypercalcaemia.
    Journal of paediatrics and child health, 2006, Volume: 42, Issue:5

    Topics: Asphyxia Neonatorum; Fat Necrosis; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Infant, Newborn; Infan

2006
Renal calculi complicating short-term furosemide therapy after congenital heart surgery.
    Congenital heart disease, 2006, Volume: 1, Issue:5

    Topics: Child, Preschool; Diuretics; Drinking; Furosemide; Heart Defects, Congenital; Heart Septal Defects,

2006
Nephrolithiasis in infants: association with chronic furosemide therapy.
    AJR. American journal of roentgenology, 1983, Volume: 140, Issue:1

    Topics: Female; Furosemide; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Calculi; Male; Respiratory Distress Synd

1983
Secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease in infants receiving long-term furosemide therapy.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1983, Volume: 137, Issue:12

    Topics: Bone and Bones; Bone Diseases; Calcium; Furosemide; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary; Infant,

1983
Urolithiasis in pre-term neonates associated with furosemide therapy.
    The Journal of urology, 1984, Volume: 132, Issue:1

    Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Calcium; Furosemide; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Calculi; Male; Radi

1984
Gluconate calcium therapy and neonatal hypercalciuria.
    American journal of diseases of children (1960), 1981, Volume: 135, Issue:6

    Topics: Calcium; Calcium Gluconate; Creatinine; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Furosemide; Gluconates; Humans; I

1981
Renal calcifications: a complication of long-term furosemide therapy in preterm infants.
    Pediatrics, 1982, Volume: 70, Issue:3

    Topics: Ductus Arteriosus, Patent; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Prema

1982
Nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis in infants with congestive heart failure treated with furosemide.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1994, Volume: 125, Issue:1

    Topics: Female; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Kidney Calculi; Male; Nephrocalc

1994
The frusemide test: simple screening test for renal acidification defect in urolithiasis.
    British journal of urology, 1993, Volume: 72, Issue:2

    Topics: Ammonium Chloride; Furosemide; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kidney Calculi; Kinetics; Predict

1993
The Hickman peel-away sheath: alternative for pediatric percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
    Journal of endourology, 1997, Volume: 11, Issue:3

    Topics: Catheters, Indwelling; Child, Preschool; Cystoscopy; Diuretics; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney C

1997
Mechanical percussion inversion can result in relocation of lower pole stone fragments after shock wave lithotripsy.
    Urology, 2000, Volume: 55, Issue:2

    Topics: Diuretics; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Lithotripsy; Percussion; Posture; Radiography; Treatm

2000
Multi-slice CT urography after diuretic injection: initial results.
    RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin, 2001, Volume: 173, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Contrast Media; Diagnosis, Differential; Diuretics; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hydrone

2001
[Decompensation of a pyelo-urethral junction syndrome, mechanism of "reflex" anura caused by contralateral pyelo-ureteral lithiasic obstruction].
    La semaine des hopitaux : organe fonde par l'Association d'enseignement medical des hopitaux de Paris, 1977, Volume: 53, Issue:31-32

    Topics: Aged; Anuria; Diuresis; Furosemide; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Kidney Calculi; Male; Ureteral Obstructi

1977
Coexisting nephrolithiasis and cholelithiasis in premature infants.
    Pediatric radiology, 1991, Volume: 21, Issue:5

    Topics: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Cholelithiasis; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Pre

1991
[Dynamic scintigraphy of the kidneys using lasix].
    Meditsinskaia radiologiia, 1991, Volume: 36, Issue:9

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hydronephrosis; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Kidney

1991
Nephrocalcinosis without functional renal impairment in rats subjected to subacute moderate magnesium deficiency, and intervention studies on the mobilization of calcium deposits.
    Magnesium research, 1990, Volume: 3, Issue:2

    Topics: Animals; Bone and Bones; Calcium; Erythema; Female; Furosemide; Kidney; Kidney Calculi; Magnesium; M

1990
Renal scintigraphy in the diagnosis and surgical management of a patient with caliceal colic: a case report.
    The Journal of urology, 1990, Volume: 144, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Colic; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Kidney Calices; Kidney Diseases; Radioisot

1990
Controlled inversion therapy: an adjunct to the elimination of gravity-dependent fragments following extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
    The Journal of urology, 1990, Volume: 143, Issue:6

    Topics: Fluid Therapy; Furosemide; Gravitation; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Lithotripsy; Percussion; Posture

1990
Renal calcifications in preterm infants.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1989, Volume: 114, Issue:6

    Topics: Acetazolamide; Furosemide; Humans; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Dis

1989
Renal calcification in preterm infants: pathophysiology and long-term sequelae.
    The Journal of pediatrics, 1988, Volume: 113, Issue:3

    Topics: Birth Weight; Calcium; Chronic Disease; Follow-Up Studies; Furosemide; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infa

1988
Ultrasound diagnosis of renal calcification in infants on chronic furosemide therapy.
    Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:4

    Topics: Bone and Bones; Bone Diseases; Calcinosis; Chronic Disease; Furosemide; Humans; Infant; Infant, Low

1986
Nephrolithiasis in premature infants.
    Radiology, 1985, Volume: 154, Issue:1

    Topics: Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Infant,

1985
Enhancement of renal excretion of zinc by hydrochlorothiazide.
    Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 1972, Volume: 39, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Calcium; Calcium Metabolism Disorders; Copper; Female; Furosemide; Humans; Hydroc

1972
[Recent observations on the drug treatment of renal lithiasis. Physico-chemical and biological bases].
    Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift (1950), 1971, Aug-27, Volume: 113, Issue:35

    Topics: Administration, Oral; Allopurinol; Ammonium Chloride; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Chemical Phenomena; Che

1971