furosemide and Cardio-Renal Syndrome studies

Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.
furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.

Cardio-Renal Syndrome: Condition where a primary dysfunction of either heart or kidney results in failure of the other organ (e.g., HEART FAILURE with worsening RENAL INSUFFICIENCY).

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Our group has shown that treatment of patients with diuretic-resistant heart failure with high-dose furosemide plus hypertonic saline is effective and well tolerated, improving symptoms of congestion, reducing plasma levels of markers of neurohormonal and inflammatory activation, decreasing hospital readmission rates, and reducing long-term mortality."	8.87	Intravenous high-dose furosemide and hypertonic saline solutions for refractory heart failure and ascites. ( Licata, G; Parrinello, G; Pinto, A; Tuttolomondo, A, 2011)
" Our group has shown that treatment of patients with diuretic-resistant heart failure with high-dose furosemide plus hypertonic saline is effective and well tolerated, improving symptoms of congestion, reducing plasma levels of markers of neurohormonal and inflammatory activation, decreasing hospital readmission rates, and reducing long-term mortality."	4.87	Intravenous high-dose furosemide and hypertonic saline solutions for refractory heart failure and ascites. ( Licata, G; Parrinello, G; Pinto, A; Tuttolomondo, A, 2011)
"The main treatment strategy in type 1 cardiorenal syndrome (CRS1) is vascular decongestion."	3.11	The Effect in Renal Function and Vascular Decongestion in Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated with Two Strategies of Diuretics, a Pilot Randomized Trial. ( Chávez-Alonso, G; Chávez-Iñiguez, JS; De la Torre-Quiroga, A; de Quevedo, AA; Font-Yañez, JJ; García-García, G; Gómez-Fregoso, J; Ibarra-Estrada, M; Maggiani-Aguilera, P; Romero-González, G; Romero-Muñóz, A; Sánchez-Villaseca, S, 2022)
"Although treatment of acute heart failure is based primarily on the administration of intravenous loop diuretics, evidence supporting this practice is still scarce and there is uncertainty about the optimal dose."	2.50	[Alternatives to conventional diuretic therapy in heart failure]. ( Formiga, F; Morales-Rull, JL; Trullàs, JC, 2014)
"A diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy with cardiorenal syndrome was made, most likely secondary to viral myocarditis in view of his initial presentation."	1.42	The failing heart: a bad case of the 'flu'. ( Akhtar, MM; Emmanuel, J; Modi, B; Wilson, J, 2015)

Research

Studies (12)

Authors

Clinical Trials (2)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

An Elevation of at Least 0.3 mg/dl of Serum Creatinine From Day One of Intervention Compared With Serum Creatinine at 96hrs After Intervention Started

Change in 24 Hour Urine Output at 96 Hours After Intervention Started From 24 Hour Urine Output One Day Before Intervention Initiation)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	9 (75.00)	24.3611
2020's	3 (25.00)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Chávez-Iñiguez, JS	1
Ibarra-Estrada, M	1
Sánchez-Villaseca, S	1
Romero-González, G	1
Font-Yañez, JJ	1
De la Torre-Quiroga, A	1
de Quevedo, AA	1
Romero-Muñóz, A	1
Maggiani-Aguilera, P	1
Chávez-Alonso, G	1
Gómez-Fregoso, J	1
García-García, G	1
Caiati, C	1
Argentiero, A	1
Favale, S	1
Lepera, ME	1
Rao, VS	1
Maulion, C	1
Asher, JL	1
Ivey-Miranda, JB	1
Cox, ZL	1
Moreno-Villagomez, J	1
Mahoney, D	1
Turner, JM	1
Wilson, FP	1
Wilcox, CS	1
Testani, JM	1
García-Blas, S	1
Bonanad, C	1
Llàcer, P	1
Ventura, S	1
Núñez, JM	1
Sánchez, R	1
Chamorro, C	1
Fácila, L	1
de la Espriella, R	1
Vaquer, JM	1
Cordero, A	1
Roqué, M	1
Ortiz, V	1
Racugno, P	1
Bodí, V	1
Valero, E	1
Santas, E	1
Moreno, MDC	1
Miñana, G	1
Carratalá, A	1
Bondanza, L	1
Payá, A	1
Cardells, I	1
Heredia, R	1
Pellicer, M	1
Valls, G	1
Palau, P	1
Bosch, MJ	1
Raso, R	1
Sánchez, A	1
Bertomeu-González, V	1
Bertomeu-Martínez, V	1
Montagud-Balaguer, V	1
Albiach-Montañana, C	1
Pendás-Meneau, J	1
Marcaida, G	1
Cervantes-García, S	1
San Antonio, R	1
de Mingo, E	1
Chorro, FJ	1
Sanchis, J	1
Núñez, J	1
Dos Reis, D	1
Fraticelli, L	1
Bassand, A	1
Manzo-Silberman, S	1
Peschanski, N	1
Charpentier, S	1
Elbaz, M	1
Savary, D	1
Bonnefoy-Cudraz, E	1
Laribi, S	1
Henry, P	1
Guerraoui, A	1
Tazarourte, K	1
Chouihed, T	1
El Khoury, C	1
Du, Y	1
Li, X	1
Liu, B	1
Morales-Rull, JL	1
Trullàs, JC	1
Formiga, F	1
Wilson, J	1
Akhtar, MM	1
Modi, B	1
Emmanuel, J	1
Chen, HY	1
Chou, KJ	1
Fang, HC	1
Chen, CL	1
Hsu, CY	1
Huang, WC	1
Huang, CW	1
Huang, CK	1
Lee, PT	1
Sav, T	1
Cecen, F	1
Albayrak, ES	1
Freda, BJ	1
Slawsky, M	1
Mallidi, J	1
Braden, GL	1
Tuttolomondo, A	1
Pinto, A	1
Parrinello, G	1
Licata, G	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Effect on Kidney Function Recovery Guiding Decongestion With VExUS in Patients With Cardiorenal Syndrome 1[NCT05927285]		140 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-03-20	Completed
The Effect in Renal Function on Patients With Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated With Two Strategies of Furosemide. A Randomized Controled Trial[NCT04393493]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-01	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	20
Diuretics Combined	24

Urine output was collected through an urinary catheter and measured and registered by a nurse. The sum of these registrations from 7 am from one day to 7 am of the next day was considered the 24 hour urinary output (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Bicarbonate Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Bicarbonate Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	ml (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	125
Diuretics Combined	200

Calculated as serum bicarbonate levels at day one of intervention minus bicarbonate levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels at Baseline From Serum Brain Natriuretic Peptide Levels at 96 Hours After Intervention Started

Intervention	mEq/L (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	2.9
Diuretics Combined	3

Baseline levels were defined as the measurement at hospital admission. Calculated as serum brain natriuretic peptide levels at baseline minus serum brain natriuretic peptide levels at 96 hours after intervention started (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Calcium Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Calcium Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	ng/dl (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	-1344
Diuretics Combined	-1378

Calculated as serum calcium levels at day one of intervention minus serum calcium levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Chloride Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Chloride Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	0.15
Diuretics Combined	-0.05

Calculated as serum chloride levels at day one of intervention minus serum chloride levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Copeptin Levels at Day One of Intervention From Serum Copeptin Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mEq/L (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	-0.6
Diuretics Combined	-0.4

Calculated as serum copeptin levels at day one minus serum copeptin levels measured at 96 hrs after intervention started (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Creatinine at Day One of Intervention From Serum Creatinine at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started

Intervention	ng/dl (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	1.1
Diuretics Combined	-16

Calculated as serum creatinine at day one minus serum creatinine at 96 hrs after intervention started (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Lactate Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Lactate Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	0.02
Diuretics Combined	0.2

Calculated as serum lactate levels at day one of intervention minus serum lactate levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Magnesium Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Magnesium Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mmol/L (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	0
Diuretics Combined	0.1

Calculated as serum magnesium levels at day one of intervention minus serum magnesium levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	0.07
Diuretics Combined	-0.04

Calculated as serum partial pressure of carbon dioxide at day one of intervention minus serum partial pressure of carbon dioxide at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum pH Value Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum pH Value Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mmHg (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	1
Diuretics Combined	3

Calculated as serum pH value at day one of intervention minus serum pH value at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Potassium Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Potassium Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	units (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	0.03
Diuretics Combined	0.02

Calculated as serum potassium levels at day one of intervention minus serum potassium levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Sodium Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Sodium Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mEq/L (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	-0.2
Diuretics Combined	-0.4

Calculated as serum sodium levels at day one of intervention minus serum sodium levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

Change in Serum Urea Levels Measured at Day One of Intervention From Serum Urea Levels Measured at 96 Hrs After Intervention Started.

Intervention	mEq/L (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	-1.2
Diuretics Combined	0.2

Calculated as serum urea levels at day one of intervention minus serum urea levels at 96 hrs after intervention started. (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: 96 hours after intervention started

In Hospital Mortality Defined as Number of Dead Patients From Day One of Intervention and Before Discharge

Intervention	mg/dl (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	13
Diuretics Combined	18

(NCT04393493)
Timeframe: From day one of intervention up to discharge, an average of 1 week

Mortality During Follow up Defined as Number of Dead Patients After Discharge

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	4
Diuretics Combined	4

(NCT04393493)
Timeframe: From day one after discharge up to an average of 161 days

Number of Days From the Beginning of the Intervention Until Patients Referred Dyspnea Improvement or a Reduction in Supplementary Oxygen Requirements Was Made.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	9
Diuretics Combined	12

"Dyspnea improvement was referred by the patient as the clinician asked them do you feel more or less difficult to breathe? or if the liters per minute or the fraction of inspired supplementary oxygen necessary maintain an oxygen saturation >90% were diminished" (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: Up to 4 days after intervention started

Number of Participants With Renal Function Recovery Defined as a Return to Individual Baseline Serum Creatinine Values

Intervention	days (Mean)
Stepped Furosemide	4
Diuretics Combined	4

Comparing patient's baseline serum creatinine (previous serum creatinine of 3 months ago and up to a year ago) with creatinine measurements every 24 hours during intervention (4 days) (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: Up to 96 hours after intervention started

Number of Patients That Achieved >30% Reduction in Brain Natriuretic Compared With Baseline Levels

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	8
Diuretics Combined	5

Baseline levels were defined as the measurement at hospital admission (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: Up to 96 hours after intervention started

Number of Patients That Required Renal Replacement Therapy of Any Type During Intervention (4 Days).

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	5
Diuretics Combined	7

The requirement of renal replacement therapy was assessed by the nephrology team in charge (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: Up to 96 hours after intervention started

Number of Patients Whose Interventions Were Stopped Because Clinical Improvement Was Achieved Before 96 Hours as Assessed by de Clinical Judgement of the Medical Team in Charge.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	7
Diuretics Combined	6

Clinical improvement was referred as remission of symptoms with achievement of 24 hour urine output equal or greater than 3000 milliliters (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: From the beginning of intervention and before 96 hours after that

Number of Patients With Dyspnea Improvement as Referred by the Patient or Reduction in Supplementary Oxygen Requirements at 96 Hours After Intervention Started

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Stepped Furosemide	5
Diuretics Combined	7

"Dyspnea improvement was referred by the patient as the clinician asked them do you feel more or less difficult to breathe? or if the liters per minute or the fraction of inspired supplementary oxygen necessary to maintain an oxygen saturation >90% were diminished" (NCT04393493)
Timeframe: Up to 96 hours after intervention started

Number of Patients With Dyspnea Improvement as Referred by the Patient or Reduction in Supplementary Oxygen Requirements Before Day 3 of Intervention

Article	Year
Advances in pathogenesis and current therapeutic strategies for cardiorenal syndrome. Life sciences, 2014, Mar-18, Volume: 99, Issue:1-2 Topics: Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Furosemide; Humans; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists	2014
[Alternatives to conventional diuretic therapy in heart failure]. Medicina clinica, 2014, Volume: 142 Suppl 1 Topics: Acute Disease; Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; Benzazepines; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Clini	2014
Effect of ultrafiltration versus intravenous furosemide for decompensated heart failure in cardiorenal syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nephron, 2015, Volume: 129, Issue:3 Topics: Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Diuretics; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as	2015
Decongestive treatment of acute decompensated heart failure: cardiorenal implications of ultrafiltration and diuretics. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation, 2011, Volume: 58, Issue:6 Topics: Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Creatinine; Diuretics; Furosemide; Glomerular	2011
Intravenous high-dose furosemide and hypertonic saline solutions for refractory heart failure and ascites. Seminars in nephrology, 2011, Volume: 31, Issue:6 Topics: Ascites; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Diuretics; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Infusions, Intravenous	2011

Article	Year
The Effect in Renal Function and Vascular Decongestion in Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated with Two Strategies of Diuretics, a Pilot Randomized Trial. BMC nephrology, 2022, 01-03, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Chlorthalidone; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Sc	2022
The Effect in Renal Function and Vascular Decongestion in Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated with Two Strategies of Diuretics, a Pilot Randomized Trial. BMC nephrology, 2022, 01-03, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Chlorthalidone; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Sc	2022
The Effect in Renal Function and Vascular Decongestion in Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated with Two Strategies of Diuretics, a Pilot Randomized Trial. BMC nephrology, 2022, 01-03, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Chlorthalidone; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Sc	2022
The Effect in Renal Function and Vascular Decongestion in Type 1 Cardiorenal Syndrome Treated with Two Strategies of Diuretics, a Pilot Randomized Trial. BMC nephrology, 2022, 01-03, Volume: 23, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Chlorthalidone; Diuretics; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administration Sc	2022
Diuretic Strategies in Acute Heart Failure and Renal Dysfunction: Conventional vs Carbohydrate Antigen 125-guided Strategy. Clinical Trial Design. Revista espanola de cardiologia (English ed.), 2017, Volume: 70, Issue:12 Topics: Acetazolamide; Acute Disease; CA-125 Antigen; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Chlorthalidone; Creatinine; Diu	2017
The effects of ultrafiltration and diuretic therapies on oxidative stress markers in patients with cardio-renal syndrome. Minerva urologica e nefrologica = The Italian journal of urology and nephrology, 2017, Volume: 69, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Diuretics; Echocardiography; Female; Fur	2017

Article	Year
Cardiorenal Syndrome Triggered by Slowly Progressive Drugs Toxicity-Induced Renal Failure along with Minimal Mitral Disease: A Case Report. Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets, 2022, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Female; Furosemide; Heart Failure; Humans; Mitral Valve; M	2022
Renal negative pressure treatment as a novel therapy for heart failure-induced renal dysfunction. American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2021, 10-01, Volume: 321, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Disease Models, Animal; Diuresis; Female; Fluid Therapy; Furosemide;	2021
Impact of renal dysfunction on the management and outcome of acute heart failure: results from the French prospective, multicentre, DeFSSICA survey. BMJ open, 2019, 01-15, Volume: 9, Issue:1 Topics: Acute Disease; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Comorbidity; Defibrillators; Disease	2019
The failing heart: a bad case of the 'flu'. BMJ case reports, 2015, Feb-05, Volume: 2015 Topics: Ascites; Cardio-Renal Syndrome; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated; Diagnosis, Differential; Diuretics; Echocar	2015

furosemide and Cardio-Renal Syndrome