fumarates and Urticaria

The new antihistamine, HC20-511 (Sandoz), was compared with Dimetinden (Fenistil retard) in a single-blind comparative study in 42 patients with dermatoses, 28 of whom suffered from chronic urticaria. HC20-511 had a better effect, especially in chronic urticaria, where pruritus, erythema and papules quickly disappeared. The effect appeared somewhat faster than and lasted as long as that of Dimetinden, although HC20-511 is not a retard-preparation unlike the Dimetinden preparation used for comparison. HC20-511 also caused less side effects.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dimethindene; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fumarates; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Piperidines; Pruritus; Skin Diseases; Thiophenes; Urticaria; Vomiting

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Benzene Derivatives; Clinical Trials as Topic; Ethers; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Fumarates; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Middle Aged; Placebos; Pyrrolidines; Urticaria

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatitis, Contact; Drug Eruptions; Exanthema; Female; Fumarates; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Mycosis Fungoides; Neurodermatitis; Pruritus; Pyrrolidines; Scabies; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms; Urticaria

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Eczema; Fumarates; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Placebos; Pruritus; Pyrrolidines; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Urticaria

Topics: Adult; Clothing; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dimethyl Fumarate; Female; Fumarates; Humans; Urticaria

Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been identified as being responsible for an outbreak of shoe contact dermatitis in Europe. All reported cases to date have involved the dorsa of the toes and the dorsa of the feet, sometimes in association with other areas.. To establish a correlation between the site of the lesions and the concentration of DMF in different parts of the footwear from patients suffering from shoe contact dermatitis.. We performed a retrospective study of 8 patients with shoe contact dermatitis caused by DMF. Clinical data and patch test results obtained with DMF were recorded. The contents of DMF in different parts of eight samples of shoes involved were analysed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.. The chemical analysis of all samples studied showed the presence of DMF, both in the uppers and the soles of the shoes. A clinical-analytical correlation was found in all cases. The presence of DMF in a child's boot was detected 1 year after withdrawal of the sachet with DMF from the shoe box.. A correlation exists between the concentrations of DMF in the different parts of the shoe and the localization of the lesions. Although DMF is a volatile substance, it can remain impregnated in shoes for a long period of time.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Contact; Dimethyl Fumarate; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Fumarates; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Patch Tests; Shoes; Urticaria; Young Adult

Topics: Antifungal Agents; Dermatitis, Contact; Dimethyl Fumarate; Foot Dermatoses; Fumarates; Humans; Patch Tests; Shoes; Spain; Urticaria

The methyl ester form of fumaric acid named dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective mould-growth inhibitor. Its irritating and sensitizing properties were demonstrated in animal models. Recently, DMF has been identified as responsible for furniture contact dermatitis in Europe.. To describe the clinical manifestations, patch test results, shoe chemical analysis, and source of exposure to DMF-induced shoe contact dermatitis.. Patients with suspected shoe contact dermatitis were studied in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Patch test results obtained with their own shoe and the European baseline series, acrylates and fumaric acid esters (FAE), were recorded according to international guidelines. The content of DMF in shoes was analysed with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.. Acute, immediate irritant contact dermatitis and non-immunological contact urticaria were observed in eight adults and two children, respectively. All the adult patients studied developed a delayed sensitization demonstrated by a positive patch testing to DMF < or = 0.1% in pet. Cross-reactivity with other FAEs and acrylates was observed. At least 12 different shoe brands were investigated. The chemical analysis from the available shoes showed the presence of DMF.. DMF in shoes was responsible for severe contact dermatitis. Global preventive measures for avoiding contact with DMF are necessary.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antifungal Agents; Dermatitis, Contact; Dimethyl Fumarate; Female; Foot Dermatoses; Fumarates; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Structure; Patch Tests; Shoes; Urticaria

Systemic and sometimes topical therapy with fumaric acid (FA) and its derivatives is used in the treatment of psoriasis. Scattered data show that the topical application of these derivatives elicits side effects. Application of FA and some derivatives on the skin was accompanied by perilesional skin irritation, macular papular rashes and urticarial reactions. In order to determine the irritating and sensitizing properties of FA derivatives we used a cytotoxicity, flank irritation, ear swelling and guinea pig maximization test. The results of the cytotoxicity test demonstrated that dimethylfumarate (DMF) was the most toxic derivative. DMF induced also contact-urticarial reactions in contrast to mono-ethylfumarate (MEF). Challenge experiments with FA, MEF and DMF in MEF- and DMF-sensitized guinea pigs demonstrated that both MEF and DMF are moderate contact sensitizers. In DMF-sensitized animals cross-reactions with MEF were found. As DMF and MEF have cytotoxic, contact-urticarial and/or sensitizing properties, topical application should be avoided.

Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Dermatitis, Contact; Fumarates; Guinea Pigs; Immunization; Urticaria

To investigate the mechanisms of non-immunologic contact urticaria (NICU), the effects of 1g + 1g of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on contact reactions to methyl nicotinate, diethyl fumarate, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, cinnamic aldehyde and dimethyl sulfoxide were studied in 21 test subjects. Erythema and edema reactions were observed visually, and the changes in the skin blood flow were monitored using laser-Doppler flowmetry. ASA had a significant inhibitory effect on erythema from all 6 agents and also on edema from all substances except dimethyl sulfoxide. The mechanism of the effect may be a result of the inhibitory influence of ASA on prostaglandin bioformation. Thus, to avoid false negative test results, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should not be used during NICU tests.

Topics: Acrolein; Adult; Aspirin; Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Cinnamates; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Female; Fumarates; Humans; Irritants; Male; Nicotinic Acids; Ultrasonography; Urticaria

The contact urticariagenic properties of diethyl fumarate were studied using the guinea pig ear swelling assay and by open application on the human upper back skin. Diethyl fumarate caused non-immunologic contact urticaria in both human and guinea pig skin, and the reactions exhibited similar dose dependency and timing of maximal response.

Topics: Adult; Animals; Dermatitis, Contact; Female; Fumarates; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Urticaria

The decrease in the swelling capacity and the length of the refractory period after nonimmunologic contact urticaria produced by one application of six human nonimmunologic contact urticaria agents was studied with the use of the guinea pig ear test. On retesting 1 day later, all substances (benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, cinnamic aldehyde, diethyl fumarate, methyl nicotinate, and dimethyl sulfoxide) showed reactions decreased by at least 50%. This decrease was most marked with cinnamic aldehyde (91% decrease), cinnamic acid (88%), and benzoic acid (86%). The tachyphylaxis was not specific to the substance producing it; reactivity to other contact urticaria agents decreased as well. The refractory period was 4 days after methyl nicotinate, 8 days after diethyl fumarate and cinnamic aldehyde, and 16 days after the other agents. These results suggest the following practical application: there is a need for (1) appropriate scheduling in the reuse of animals for testing for nonimmunologic contact urticaria and (2) an awareness of possible false-negative results in human tests for this form of urticaria because of tachyphylaxis.

Topics: Acrolein; Animals; Benzoates; Benzoic Acid; Cinnamates; Dimethyl Sulfoxide; Ear; Female; Fumarates; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Male; Nicotinic Acids; Tachyphylaxis; Time Factors; Urticaria

Topics: Adult; Dermatitis, Contact; Female; Fumarates; Humans; Urticaria

Topics: Benzene Derivatives; Chronic Disease; Ethers; Fumarates; Histamine; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Pyrrolidines; Skin Tests; Urticaria