fraxin and Disease-Models--Animal

Current treatments of osteoarthritis are unsatisfied, a new approach towards the treatment of osteoarthritis is urged considering the state at present.. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of fraxin on knee OA in a rat model and probe into the possible molecular mechanism.. Primary Murine Chondrocytes were isolated and cell apoptosis analyses were performed. Rat OA models were established using meniscectomy method and allocated into three groups. Knee joint specimens were collected for qRT-PCR, western blotting and histological analysis. Statistical analyses were processed by using a SPSS.. The apoptosis rate of fraxin group is significantly reduced compared with the OA group or the control group. Fraxin remarkably down-regulated the expression of cleaved-Caspase-3 while significantly up-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, both on mRNA and protein levels. Toluidine blue stain results show relatively lighter articular cartilage damage compared with OA group.. Fraxin prevents knee osteoarthritis by inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis, which makes it a potential candidate as an anti-OA drug for clinical use.

Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Chondrocytes; Coumarins; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Rats; Rats, Wistar

Kidney ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is an important health problem resulting in acute kidney failure. The oxidative stress and inflammatory process are the underlying mechanisms of IR injury. It has been purposed in this study to research the possible protective effects of fraxin on kidney injury induced by IR.. 32 Sprague Dawley male rats were divided into 4 groups. The groups were organized as follows; sham, IR, IR + fraxin 10 mg/kg, and IR + 50 mg/kg fraxin groups. Some oxidant, antioxidant and inflammatory parameters were evaluated in kidney tissues removed at the end of our experimental study.. It was detected that the oxidant and proinflammatory markers increased and antioxidant parameters decreased in IR group but the results significantly reversed in treatment groups compared to IR group. And also, 8-OHdG, NF-κB, HAVCR1 immunopositivities were at severe levels and these results attenuated in IR fraxin + 10 mg/kg, and IR + fraxin 50 mg/kg groups.. These presented results have shown that fraxin performed protective effects against kidney injury induced by IR.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Antioxidants; Coumarins; Disease Models, Animal; Kidney; Male; Malondialdehyde; Peroxidase; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reperfusion Injury; Superoxide Dismutase

Fraxin, the effective component isolated from Cortex Fraxini, has been reported to have anti-inflammation effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of fraxin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock in mice. We used Kunming male mice to establish the model, and we found that fraxin could improve the survival rate of the LPS-induced mice. Histopathological study showed that fraxin could mitigate the injuries in LPS-induced lung and liver tissues. The levels of tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 both in serum and lung, liver tissues, and the productions of nitric oxide (NO), aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase in serum were decreased by fraxin. Western blot assay demonstrated that the pretreatment with fraxin could downregulate LPS-induced protein expressions of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and NLRP3 inflammatory corpuscle signalling pathways. Overall, fraxin had protective effects on LPS-induced endotoxic shock mice and the possible mechanisms might activate through NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammatory corpuscle signalling pathways.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Coumarins; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Mice; NF-kappa B; Nitric Oxide; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Shock, Septic; Signal Transduction; Survival Rate

Fraxin, the effective component of the Chinese traditional medicine Cortex Fraxini, is reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. This study assessed the anti-inflammatory effect of fraxin on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in A549 cells and the protective efficacy on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in mice. Fraxin reduced LPS-induced TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β production in A549 cells and alleviated the LPS-induced wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio and the effects observed via histopathological examination of the lung in vivo. Furthermore, fraxin reduced the protein concentrations in the broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and cytokine production in the sera. Fraxin also clearly attenuated the oxidation index, including the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Immunohistochemistry analysis showed that fraxin suppressed LPS-induced inflammatory damage. The expression of proteins involved in the NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammatory corpuscle signalling pathways was consistent between the lung tissues and cell samples. Overall, fraxin played a protective role in LPS-induced lung injury by inhibiting the NF-κB and NLRP3 signalling pathways.

Topics: A549 Cells; Acute Lung Injury; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Coumarins; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; NF-kappa B; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; Oxidation-Reduction; Peroxidase; Respiratory Mucosa; Signal Transduction

Fraxini Cortex (also known as Qinpi, QP) has been used for the treatment of hyperuricemia with a significant difference on efficacy of QP from different regions. However, it`s still unknown whether proportion of components is the key and why same kind of herbs have different therapeutic effects. In this study, different sources of QP were collected from Shaanxi Qinpi extracts (SQPE), Henan Qinpi extracts (HQPE), Hebei Qinpi extracts (GQPE) provinces in China. Rat model of hyperuricemia with hypoxanthine combined with potassium oxonate were established to determine the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum uric acid (SUA), urine uric acid (UUA) and creatinine (Cr). Hematoxylin-eosin staining (H&E) and Periodic Acid-Schiff staining (PAS) were performed for renal pathology while Western blot analysis and real-time PCR analysis for proteins and mRNA expression levels. High-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) was used for components and composition analysis. Our results demonstrated that QPE from different regions could alleviate hyperuricemia via increasing significantly the SCr and BUN levels whereas decreasing markedly UCr, SUA and UUA levels. Additionally, QPE could also improve the pathological changes of the kidneys. The protein and mRNA levels of urate reabsorption transporter 1 (URAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (GLUT9) were down-regulated by QPE treatment. SQPE hold a better activity on improving hyperuricemia and regulating URAT1 and GLUT9. HPLC analysis showed that the proportion of four components aesculin, aesculetin, fraxin, fraxetin were 9.002: 0.350: 8.980: 0.154 (SQPE); 0.526: 0.164: 7.938: 0.102 (HQPE); 12.022: 1.65: 0.878: 1.064 (GQPE). These data indicate that this proportion of effective components may be an important factor for efficacy of QP and had implications for the treatment of hyperuricemia.

Topics: Aesculus; Animals; Anion Transport Proteins; Biomarkers; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Coumarins; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Esculin; Gout Suppressants; Hyperuricemia; Kidney; Male; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Umbelliferones; Uric Acid

Fraxin isolated from

Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biopsy; Carbon Tetrachloride; Cell Survival; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Coumarins; Disease Models, Animal; Gene Expression; Heme Oxygenase-1; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Male; NF-E2-Related Factor 2; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxidative Stress; Plant Extracts; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species