formocresol and Dentin--Secondary

To compare the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium hydroxide (CH) and formocresol (FC) as pulp dressing agents in carious primary teeth.. Forty-five primary mandibular molars with dental caries in 23 children [AUTHOR QUERY: How many children?] between 5 and 9 years old were treated by a conventional pulpotomy technique. The teeth were randomly assigned to the experimental (CH or MTA) or control (FC) groups. After coronal pulp removal and haemostasis, remaining pulp tissue was covered with MTA paste or CH powder in the experimental groups. In the control group, diluted FC was placed with a cotton pellet over the pulp tissue for 5 min and removed; the pulp tissue was then covered with zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE) paste. All teeth were restored with reinforced ZOE base and resin modified glass-ionomer cement. Clinical and radiographic successes and failures were recorded at 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 month follow-up.. Forty-three teeth were available for follow-up. In the FC and MTA groups, 100% of the available teeth were clinically and radiographically successful at all follow-up appointments; dentine bridge formation could be detected in 29% of the teeth treated with MTA. In the CH group, 64% of the teeth presented clinical and radiographic failures detected throughout the follow-up period, and internal resorption was a frequent radiographic finding.. Mineral trioxide aggregate was superior to CH and equally as effective as FC as a pulpotomy dressing in primary mandibular molars. Internal resorption was the most common radiographic finding up to 24 month after pulpotomies performed with CH.

Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Calcium Hydroxide; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Drug Combinations; Female; Formocresols; Humans; Male; Oxides; Pulpotomy; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Resorption; Silicates; Tooth, Deciduous

To examine the success of the one-appointment pulpotomy technique with three different medicaments on primary molar teeth.. The study was conducted on 104 primary molars in 104 children with an indication for pulpotomy treatment on at least one primary molar. Primary teeth were treated with either formocresol (FC) (34 teeth), calcium hydroxide (CA) (33 teeth) or ferric sulphate (FS) (37 teeth) using standardised criteria for the pulpotomy procedures. Teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated during the examination period of 18 months.. The clinical success rate at 18 months for the FC and FS groups was 90.9% and 89.2%, respectively. The CA showed an overall clinical success rate of 82.3%, with no statistical difference compared with either the FC or FS groups. The overall radiographic success for each technique was: FC 84.8%, CA 76.5%, and FS 81.1%. The presence of a dentine bridge above the pulp amputation site was observed radiographically for CA (47%), and FS (40.5%) pulpotomies without any statistical difference. Radiographic examination did not reveal the presence of a dentine bridge for any of the teeth treated with FC pulpotomy.. Favourable clinical and radiographic success rates of ferric sulphate pulpotomy, comparable to formocresol were obtained. Therefore, ferric sulphate can be recommended as a pulpotomy medicament.

Topics: Calcium Hydroxide; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin, Secondary; Ferric Compounds; Formocresols; Humans; Life Tables; Molar; Pulpotomy; Tooth, Deciduous

Qualitative comparison of the clinical, radiographic and histological outcomes in a small sample of cariously exposed primary molars, extracted after unsuccessful pulp treatment by two vital pulpotomy methods.. The primary molars were extracted, because of treatment failure, during a longitudinal clinical investigation of the relative efficacy of 20% Buckley's Formocresol versus calcium hydroxide powder as pulp dressings in vital pulp therapy (in press). Fifty-two child patients were sequentially enrolled in the longitudinal clinical investigation, 26 boys and 26 girls. Primary molar teeth requiring vital pulp therapy were randomly allocated to either the formocresol group (F) or the calcium hydroxide group (C). Coronal pulp amputation was prescribed only in teeth with vital, cariously-exposed pulp tissue. All cases were reviewed using predefined clinical and radiological criteria. Seventy-nine cariously-exposed primary molars required vital pulp therapy. Forty-four teeth were included in group F and 35 in group C. Five per cent (n = 2) of teeth in group F and 11 per cent of teeth (n = 4) in group C were terminated from the trial due to clinical and/or radiographic failure. Of the six teeth extracted, five were sufficiently intact to be retained for histological evaluation.. Post-extraction radiographs taken before specimen preparation showed reactionary dentine barrier (bridge) formation in teeth treated with calcium hydroxide. However, the narrowing of root canals, indicative of appositional reactionary dentine deposition, was seen in both groups (F and C). Histological examination confirmed these findings and revealed that pus cells were evident in all specimens examined. There was also histological evidence of resorption of reactionary dentine within the root canal and that forming the calcified barrier (dentine bridge).. The clinical and radiographic outcomes for the five teeth correlate well with the reported findings from decalcified histological section. Although numbers are small, the histological findings may indicate possible reasons for treatment failure. There are few reports of this sort in the literature of this under-researched treatment modality.

Topics: Calcium Hydroxide; Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Dental Pulp Calcification; Dental Pulp Capping; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dentin, Secondary; Female; Formocresols; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Molar; Pulpotomy; Radiography; Root Canal Irrigants; Suppuration; Tooth, Deciduous; Treatment Failure; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

The aim of this study was to use clinical, radiographic and histological examinations to compare the dental pulp response in 162 premolar roots of eight dogs when trichloracetic acid (TCA), formocresol, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and zinc oxide eugenol were used as pulpotomy agents. The teeth were divided into four groups. Following pulpotomy, the teeth were restored with amalgam. The animals were sacrificed at 48 h, 2, 4 and 8 weeks (two dogs at each interval). Histological evaluation indicated no cases with necrosis. After 8 weeks follow up, dentine bridge formation was evident in 20%, 50% and 91.7% of formocresol, TCA and MTA cases respectively. The first signs of bridge formation were seen for MTA at 2 weeks and for TCA at 4 weeks. MTA was superior to formocresol and TCA in treating pulps in dogs. However, bridge formation was seen in 50% of TCA cases after 8 weeks which is a desirable finding in pulpotomy procedures.

Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Calcium Compounds; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Formocresols; Odontoblasts; Oxides; Pulpitis; Pulpotomy; Root Canal Irrigants; Silicates; Trichloroacetic Acid; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

The purpose of this study was to compare clinical, radiographic, and histopathologic effects of Nd:YAG laser pulpotomy to formocresol pulpotomy on human primary teeth. Patients with at least two vital primary molar teeth that required pulpotomy, because of pulpal exposure to caries, were selected for this study. After hemorrhage control, complete hemostasis into the canal orifice was achieved by exposure to Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) and an He-Ne laser (the aiming beam of the Nd:YAG laser) in noncontact mode at 2 W, 20 Hz, 100 mJ, or was achieved by applying 1:5 dilution of formocresol. Forty-two teeth in two groups were to be followed up clinically and radiographic at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Eighteen teeth planned for serial extractions were selected for histopathologic study. The teeth were extracted at 7 and 60 days. The teeth in the laser group had a clinical success rate of 85.71% and a radiographic success rate 71.42% at 12 months. The teeth in the formocresol group had a clinical and radiographic success rate of 90.47% at 12 months. There were no statistically significant differences between laser and formocresol group with regard to both clinical and radiographic success rates. There was a statistically significant difference between 7- and 60-day laser groups with regard to inflammatory cell response criteria. Dentin bridge was absent in all samples. No stained bacteria were observed in any of these samples. In conclusion, Nd:YAG laser may be considered as an alternative to formocresol for pulpotomies in primary teeth.

Topics: Aluminum Silicates; Bacteria; Child; Dental Caries; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dentin, Secondary; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Formocresols; Hemostatic Techniques; Humans; Laser Therapy; Male; Molar; Neodymium; Periapical Diseases; Pulpotomy; Radiography; Root Resorption; Tooth, Deciduous; Treatment Outcome; Yttrium

The purpose of this study was to compare pulpal and periapical tissue reactions to electrosurgery versus formocresol pulpotomy techniques in the primary teeth of dogs. The study was conducted on 33 primary teeth of three mongrel dogs between the ages of one to three months. Each dog had three teeth treated by Formocresol Pulpotomy with Mechanical Coronal Pulp Removal (FC), three teeth treated by Electrosurgery Pulpotomy with Mechanical Coronal Pulp Removal (ES/MCPR), three teeth treated by Electrosurgery Pulpotomy with Electrosurgical Coronal Pulp Removal (ES/ECPR), and two teeth serving as untreated Controls. Dogs one, two and three were sacrificed performing the pulpotomies at two, four and six weeks, respectively. The pulp, periapical tissue and after surrounding bone were submitted to histological examination and the histological reaction was recorded. The results were fourteen out of 18 unfavorable and zero out of three favorable histological reactions occurred in the FC treated teeth. Six out of 18 unfavorable and one out of three favorable histological reactions occurred in the ES/MCPR treated teeth. Nine out of 18 unfavorable and two out of three favorable histological reactions occurred in the ES/ECPR treated teeth. One out of 18 unfavorable and zero out of three favorable histological reactions occurred in the untreated Control teeth. The conclusion of this study is that of the three experimental groups, the teeth treated by Electrosurgery Pulpotomy with either Mechanical or Electrosurgical Coronal Pulp Removal exhibited less histopathological reaction than the teeth treated by Formocresol Pulpotomy.

Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Cavity; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Dogs; Electrosurgery; Fibrosis; Formocresols; Homeostasis; Necrosis; Periapical Abscess; Periapical Periodontitis; Periapical Tissue; Pulpotomy; Root Resorption; Tooth Crown; Tooth, Deciduous; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

The purpose of this study was to assess histologically the pulpal healing process after pulpotomies in rat teeth were done using two different agents: 20% dilution of formocresol (FMC) and ferric sulfate (FS). Two criteria were used: degree of inflammation and extent of pulpal involvement. Zinc oxide-eugenol paste (ZOE) or polycarboxylate cement (PCX) were placed to seal the cavity preparations. The maxillary first molars of 120 Sprague-Dawley rats were treated in this study and were divided into four groups: 1) FMC + ZOE, 2) FS + PCX, 3) FMC + PCX, and 4) FS + ZOE. After treatment the animals were sacrificed at weekly intervals for four weeks and pulpal response was evaluated according to the degree of inflammation. Other criteria were also evaluated: dentinal bridge formation, reparative dentin and odontoblastic layer. A Friedman test was performed to compare the results and find out if any differences could be found. FMC + ZOE group showed the least pulpal inflammation response, and the use of FS as an alternative agent for pulpotomies did not improve pulpal response.

Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Drug Combinations; Ferric Compounds; Fibrosis; Formocresols; Polycarboxylate Cement; Pulpitis; Pulpotomy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Topics: Animals; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentin, Secondary; Formocresols; Goats; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Formocresols; Pulpotomy; Sheep; Time Factors; Tooth, Deciduous

Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentin, Secondary; Electrosurgery; Female; Formocresols; Macaca nemestrina; Male; Pulpitis; Pulpotomy

Topics: Adult; Calcium Hydroxide; Child; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Devitalization; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentin, Secondary; Formaldehyde; Formocresols; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Pulpotomy

Topics: Child; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Formocresols; Humans; Pulpotomy