flurbiprofen and Ache studies

Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.
flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined topical drug with flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat caused by upper respiratory tract infections."	9.51	[Results of a clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. ( Galustyan, AN; Gonik, MI; Sedavnykh, IS, 2022)
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined topical drug with flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride compared with a monocomponent drug in patients with sore throat associated with manifestations of acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis or with exacerbation of chronic forms of pharyngitis or tonsillitis."	9.51	[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. ( Galustyan, AN; Poromov, AA; Sedavnykh, IS, 2022)
"Over the first 24 h, patients treated with flurbiprofen lozenges reported significantly greater reductions in sore throat pain (47%) as well as difficulty swallowing (66%) and swollen throat (40%) compared with placebo (all p < 0."	9.22	Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges for treating sore throat symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Aspley, S; Rezuke, J; Sanner, K; Savino, L; Schachtel, BP; Schachtel, E; Shea, T; Shephard, A, 2016)
"Adults (n=198) with moderate or severe acute sore throat and findings of pharyngitis on a Tonsillo-Pharyngitis Assessment (TPA) were randomly assigned to use either flurbiprofen 8."	9.19	Utility of the sore throat pain model in a multiple-dose assessment of the acute analgesic flurbiprofen: a randomized controlled study. ( Aspley, S; Schachtel, B; Schachtel, E; Shea, T; Shephard, A; Smith, G, 2014)
"The lidocaine/flurbiprofen axetil combination, compared with lidocaine 40 mg or flurbiprofen 50 mg, effectively reduces pain during the injection of propofol."	9.15	Efficacy of the lidocaine/flurbiprofen axetil combination for reducing pain during the injection of propofol. ( Fujii, Y; Itakura, M, 2011)
"The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of these 3 different techniques of flurbiprofen axetil administration in reducing pain on injection of propofol."	9.14	Pretreatment with flurbiprofen axetil, flurbiprofen axetil preceded by venous occlusion, and a mixture of flurbiprofen axetil and propofol in reducing pain on injection of propofol in adult Japanese surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-bli ( Fujii, Y; Itakura, M, 2009)
"The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of lidocaine, metoclopramide, and flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients."	9.13	Comparison of lidocaine, metoclopramide, and flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. ( Fujii, Y; Itakura, M, 2008)
"Flurbiprofen axetil emulsion (FA), a prodrug of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that is widely used for perioperative pain relief in Japan, has been effective for reducing propofol injection pain, but the mechanism is unclear."	9.12	Emulsion of flurbiprofen axetil reduces propofol injection pain due to a decrease in free propofol concentration. ( Kaminoh, Y; Tanimoto, M; Tashiro, C; Tatara, T; Tsujimoto, S; Ueki, R, 2007)
"This study was undertaken to examine the influence of age on flurbiprofen axetil requirements for the treatment of propofol-induced pain on injection in Japanese adult surgical patients."	9.12	Influence of age on flurbiprofen axetil requirements for preventing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group, dose-ranging study. ( Fujii, Y; Nakayama, M, 2006)
"The numbers of patients with severe and mild pain were larger in the order: LCT group (10 and 31 patients, respectively) > flurbiprofen 1 group (3 and 19) > or = MCT/LCT group (1 and 14) > or = lidocaine group (2 and 11) > flurbiprofen group (0 and 0)."	9.11	How to decrease pain at rapid injection of propofol: effectiveness of flurbiprofen. ( Nishiyama, T, 2005)
"The present study was undertaken to examine the efficacy of flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on propofol injection in Japanese adult surgical patients."	9.11	Flurbiprofen axetil preceded by venous occlusion in the prevention of pain on propofol injection in the hand: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, dose-finding study in Japanese adult surgical patients. ( Fujii, Y; Shiga, Y, 2005)
"To compare efficacy and safety of strepfen (flurbiprofen) to those of oral paracetamol in acute infections of the upper respiratory tracts for relief of throat pain (TP)."	9.11	[Results of an open prospective controlled randomized comparative trial of flurbiprofen and paracetamol efficacy and tolerance in patients with throat pain]. ( Balandin, AV; Dimova, AD; Sedinkin, AA, 2005)
" The aim of the study was to investigate the analgesic effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers using an experimental pain model based on both chemo-somatosensory event-related potentials (CSSERP) and subjective pain ratings."	9.08	Effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers on pain-related chemo-somatosensory evoked potentials in human subjects. ( Brune, K; Geisslinger, G; Kobal, G; Lötsch, J; Mohammadian, P, 1995)
" Nimesulide have been studied in a double blind study compared with flurbiprofen, in 98 patients aged between 18 and 75 suffering from pain-inflammatory pathologies of ENT nature."	9.07	[Clinical study of the efficacy of and tolerance to nimesulide in suppository formulation in pain-inflammatory pathologies of the ear, nose, and throat]. ( Lomeo, G; Monea, P; Rossi, M; Scaricabarozzi, I; Trezzani, R; Tringali, G, 1991)
"This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial was carried out to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a new, locally acting, transcutaneous flurbiprofen preparation (flurbiprofen LATTM, Boots Company PLC) in the treatment of scapulohumeral periarthritis."	9.07	Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a new locally acting preparation of flurbiprofen in scapulohumeral periarthritis. ( Biasi, D; Cervetti, R; Mattara, L; Trotta, F, 1994)
"The effects of flurbiprofen (100 mg) and naproxen sodium (500 mg) on intrauterine pressure and menstrual pain were assessed in 8 women with primary dysmenorrhea using a double-blind parallel study technique."	9.06	The effect of flurbiprofen and naproxen sodium on intra-uterine pressure and menstrual pain in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. ( Andersch, B; Milsom, I; Sundell, G, 1988)
"This large-scale, double-blind study compared 200 mg per day of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) with 4,000 mg per day of aspirin in 822 patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis who were evaluated for up to 52 weeks."	9.06	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A comparison with aspirin. ( Brinn, EL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Turner, LF, 1986)
"Two investigators enrolled 26 women with metastatic breast carcinoma in a six-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) and placebo."	9.06	Flurbiprofen for the treatment of bone pain in patients with metastatic breast cancer. ( Crampton, SL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Samal, BA; Sattler, LP, 1986)
"Eight hundred and forty-two patients undergoing treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in hospital centres in the United Kingdom were evaluated as part of a long-term, variable dose study of the efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen in 1,396 patients with a variety of rheumatological disorders."	9.06	A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: I. Rheumatoid arthritis. ( Busson, M, 1986)
"1 Seventeen patients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied in a double-blind crossover trial contrasting three different times of administration of twice-daily flurbiprofen."	9.05	Circadian variations in the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and in the therapeutic effectiveness of flurbiprofen at different times of day. ( Knapp, MS; Kowanko, IC; Mahoney, PG; Pownall, R; Swannell, AJ, 1981)
"We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of studies to appraise the efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen axetil for controlling pain induced by propofol injection."	8.90	Efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen axetil in the prevention of pain on propofol injection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Bao, H; Luo, Z; Shi, H; Wang, H; Xu, L; Yu, Y; Zhang, L; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y; Zhu, J, 2014)
"We show that R-flurbiprofen reduces glutamate release in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord evoked by sciatic nerve injury and thereby alleviates pain in sciatic nerve injury models of neuropathic pain in rats and mice."	7.76	R-flurbiprofen reduces neuropathic pain in rodents by restoring endogenous cannabinoids. ( Bechmann, I; Bishay, P; Costigan, M; Dehghani, F; Geisslinger, G; Häussler, A; Koch, M; Kuner, R; Marian, C; Metzner, J; Myrczek, T; Schmidt, H; Tegeder, I; Wijnvoord, N; Ziebell, S, 2010)
"We examined the effects of U50,488, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and flurbiprofen axetil, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, in a visceral pain model using conscious rats."	7.75	The individual and combined effects of U50,488, and flurbiprofen axetil on visceral pain in conscious rats. ( Kitamura, T; Ogawa, M; Yamada, Y, 2009)
"We investigated the antinociceptive properties of dexketoprofen trometamol [S(+)-ketoprofen tromethamine salt; SKP], a new analgesic, antiinflammatory drug, using the pain-induced functional impairment model in the rat (PIFIR), an animal model of arthritic pain."	7.70	Antinociceptive effects of S(+)-ketoprofen and other analgesic drugs in a rat model of pain induced by uric acid. ( Cabré, F; Díaz, I; Fernández-Guasti, A; López-Muñoz, FJ; Mauleón, D; Tost, D; Ventura, R, 1998)
"The potential antinociceptive effects of the S(+)- and R(-)-enantiomers of flurbiprofen (SFB and RFB, respectively) were investigated when given intravenously to rats using the pain-induced functional impairment model in the rat (PIFIR), an animal model of arthritic pain."	7.70	Analysis of antinociceptive effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers in a rat model of arthritic pain. ( Cabré, F; Díaz, MI; Domínguez, AM; García, ML; Hernández, GP; López-Muñoz, FJ; Mauleón, D; Ventura, R, 2000)
"We report a case of biopsy-proven acute tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with a second course of flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the propionic acid class."	7.68	Flurbiprofen-associated acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. ( Kaufhold, J; McCabe, K; Wilkowski, M, 1991)
" A clinical trial was conducted with flurbiprofen 100 mg three times a day by mouth in rheumatoid arthritis to determine variability in response."	7.67	Variability in response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics: evidence from controlled clinical therapeutic trial of flurbiprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. ( Arnold, MH; Beller, EM; Brooks, PM; Buchanan, WW; Preston, SJ, 1988)
"The relative efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) and indomethacin were compared in 29 patients with monoarticular gouty arthritis of less than 48 hours' duration."	7.67	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of acute gout. A comparison with indomethacin. ( Brinn, EL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Sack, RL; Turner, LF; Winblad, MA, 1986)
" The majority of drug-related adverse events (AEs) included mild dermatitis at the application sites and occurred in 46."	6.82	The Long-Term Safety of S-Flurbiprofen Plaster for Osteoarthritis Patients: An Open-Label, 52-Week Study. ( Hoshino, Y; Matsumoto, H; Matsushita, I; Otsuka, N; Yataba, I, 2016)
"Flurbiprofen was found to have a significant analgesic effect but this was not enhanced by combining it with alprazolam."	6.67	Comparison of flurbiprofen and alprazolam in the management of chronic pain syndrome. ( Wilson, A, 1990)
"Flurbiprofen was also rated superior to aspirin and placebo in the degree of pain relief."	6.66	Flurbiprofen for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. ( Shapiro, SS, 1986)
"Pain is one of the cardinal signs accompanying inflammation."	5.62	Effects of R-flurbiprofen and the oxygenated metabolites of endocannabinoids in inflammatory pain mice models. ( Alhouayek, M; Ben Kouidar, Y; Buisseret, B; Guillemot-Legris, O; Muccioli, GG; Paquot, A, 2021)
" In the rat model, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters confirmed the improved relative bioavailability of reduced graphene oxide hydrogel when compared with the control hydrogel (without reduced graphene oxide) and marketed transdermal patch."	5.62	Transdermal delivery of flurbiprofen from polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer stabilized reduced graphene oxide to manage pain in spondylitis: In vitro and in vivo studies. ( Li, T; Yang, C, 2021)
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined topical drug with flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat caused by upper respiratory tract infections."	5.51	[Results of a clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. ( Galustyan, AN; Gonik, MI; Sedavnykh, IS, 2022)
"To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined topical drug with flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride compared with a monocomponent drug in patients with sore throat associated with manifestations of acute pharyngitis, tonsillitis or with exacerbation of chronic forms of pharyngitis or tonsillitis."	5.51	[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. ( Galustyan, AN; Poromov, AA; Sedavnykh, IS, 2022)
"Non-inferiority of SFPP to diclofenac gel was demonstrated in the efficacy for pain on rising from a chair."	5.51	Efficacy and safety of S-flurbiprofen plaster in knee osteoarthritis patients: A 2-week randomized controlled Phase III clinical trial compared to diclofenac gel. ( Fuady, A; Matsumoto, H; Tomatsu, K; Yasuda, S, 2022)
"Caffeine is able to increase the effect of rac-Flur in the arthritic gout-type pain in rats."	5.43	Antinociceptive Effect of Racemic Flurbiprofen and Caffeine Co-Administration in an Arthritic Gout-Type Pain in Rats. ( Espinosa-Juárez, JV; Jaramillo-Morales, OA; Liévano-Reyes, R; López-Muñoz, FJ; Pérez-Méndez, HI; Solís-Oba, A, 2016)
"Over the first 24 h, patients treated with flurbiprofen lozenges reported significantly greater reductions in sore throat pain (47%) as well as difficulty swallowing (66%) and swollen throat (40%) compared with placebo (all p < 0."	5.22	Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges for treating sore throat symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. ( Aspley, S; Rezuke, J; Sanner, K; Savino, L; Schachtel, BP; Schachtel, E; Shea, T; Shephard, A, 2016)
"Adults (n=198) with moderate or severe acute sore throat and findings of pharyngitis on a Tonsillo-Pharyngitis Assessment (TPA) were randomly assigned to use either flurbiprofen 8."	5.19	Utility of the sore throat pain model in a multiple-dose assessment of the acute analgesic flurbiprofen: a randomized controlled study. ( Aspley, S; Schachtel, B; Schachtel, E; Shea, T; Shephard, A; Smith, G, 2014)
"The lidocaine/flurbiprofen axetil combination, compared with lidocaine 40 mg or flurbiprofen 50 mg, effectively reduces pain during the injection of propofol."	5.15	Efficacy of the lidocaine/flurbiprofen axetil combination for reducing pain during the injection of propofol. ( Fujii, Y; Itakura, M, 2011)
"The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of these 3 different techniques of flurbiprofen axetil administration in reducing pain on injection of propofol."	5.14	Pretreatment with flurbiprofen axetil, flurbiprofen axetil preceded by venous occlusion, and a mixture of flurbiprofen axetil and propofol in reducing pain on injection of propofol in adult Japanese surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-bli ( Fujii, Y; Itakura, M, 2009)
"The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of lidocaine, metoclopramide, and flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients."	5.13	Comparison of lidocaine, metoclopramide, and flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. ( Fujii, Y; Itakura, M, 2008)
"This study was undertaken to examine the influence of age on flurbiprofen axetil requirements for the treatment of propofol-induced pain on injection in Japanese adult surgical patients."	5.12	Influence of age on flurbiprofen axetil requirements for preventing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group, dose-ranging study. ( Fujii, Y; Nakayama, M, 2006)
"Flurbiprofen axetil emulsion (FA), a prodrug of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that is widely used for perioperative pain relief in Japan, has been effective for reducing propofol injection pain, but the mechanism is unclear."	5.12	Emulsion of flurbiprofen axetil reduces propofol injection pain due to a decrease in free propofol concentration. ( Kaminoh, Y; Tanimoto, M; Tashiro, C; Tatara, T; Tsujimoto, S; Ueki, R, 2007)
"The present study was undertaken to examine the efficacy of flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on propofol injection in Japanese adult surgical patients."	5.11	Flurbiprofen axetil preceded by venous occlusion in the prevention of pain on propofol injection in the hand: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, dose-finding study in Japanese adult surgical patients. ( Fujii, Y; Shiga, Y, 2005)
"The numbers of patients with severe and mild pain were larger in the order: LCT group (10 and 31 patients, respectively) > flurbiprofen 1 group (3 and 19) > or = MCT/LCT group (1 and 14) > or = lidocaine group (2 and 11) > flurbiprofen group (0 and 0)."	5.11	How to decrease pain at rapid injection of propofol: effectiveness of flurbiprofen. ( Nishiyama, T, 2005)
"To compare efficacy and safety of strepfen (flurbiprofen) to those of oral paracetamol in acute infections of the upper respiratory tracts for relief of throat pain (TP)."	5.11	[Results of an open prospective controlled randomized comparative trial of flurbiprofen and paracetamol efficacy and tolerance in patients with throat pain]. ( Balandin, AV; Dimova, AD; Sedinkin, AA, 2005)
" The aim of the study was to investigate the analgesic effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers using an experimental pain model based on both chemo-somatosensory event-related potentials (CSSERP) and subjective pain ratings."	5.08	Effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers on pain-related chemo-somatosensory evoked potentials in human subjects. ( Brune, K; Geisslinger, G; Kobal, G; Lötsch, J; Mohammadian, P, 1995)
"Patients treated with flurbiprofen had significantly lower pain scores for the 24 h duration of the study than controls (P < 0."	5.08	Topical analgesia for superficial corneal injuries. ( Brahma, AK; Brown, A; Hillier, VF; Marsden, J; McLeod, D; Sabala, T; Shah, S, 1996)
" Nimesulide have been studied in a double blind study compared with flurbiprofen, in 98 patients aged between 18 and 75 suffering from pain-inflammatory pathologies of ENT nature."	5.07	[Clinical study of the efficacy of and tolerance to nimesulide in suppository formulation in pain-inflammatory pathologies of the ear, nose, and throat]. ( Lomeo, G; Monea, P; Rossi, M; Scaricabarozzi, I; Trezzani, R; Tringali, G, 1991)
"This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial was carried out to assess the efficacy and tolerability of a new, locally acting, transcutaneous flurbiprofen preparation (flurbiprofen LATTM, Boots Company PLC) in the treatment of scapulohumeral periarthritis."	5.07	Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a new locally acting preparation of flurbiprofen in scapulohumeral periarthritis. ( Biasi, D; Cervetti, R; Mattara, L; Trotta, F, 1994)
"Eight hundred and forty-two patients undergoing treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in hospital centres in the United Kingdom were evaluated as part of a long-term, variable dose study of the efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen in 1,396 patients with a variety of rheumatological disorders."	5.06	A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: I. Rheumatoid arthritis. ( Busson, M, 1986)
" The second study compared three weeks of treatment with daily doses of 200 mg of flurbiprofen and 4 g of acetaminophen in 50 patients with acute low back pain."	5.06	Flurbiprofen for the treatment of soft tissue trauma. ( Muckle, DS, 1986)
"Two investigators enrolled 26 women with metastatic breast carcinoma in a six-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) and placebo."	5.06	Flurbiprofen for the treatment of bone pain in patients with metastatic breast cancer. ( Crampton, SL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Samal, BA; Sattler, LP, 1986)
"The effects of flurbiprofen (100 mg) and naproxen sodium (500 mg) on intrauterine pressure and menstrual pain were assessed in 8 women with primary dysmenorrhea using a double-blind parallel study technique."	5.06	The effect of flurbiprofen and naproxen sodium on intra-uterine pressure and menstrual pain in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. ( Andersch, B; Milsom, I; Sundell, G, 1988)
"This large-scale, double-blind study compared 200 mg per day of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) with 4,000 mg per day of aspirin in 822 patients with definite or classical rheumatoid arthritis who were evaluated for up to 52 weeks."	5.06	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A comparison with aspirin. ( Brinn, EL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Turner, LF, 1986)
"1 In a double-blind crossover study, flurbiprofen produced marked relief of pain which was significantly more than with aspirin and placebo in patients suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea."	5.05	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. ( Gupta, KC; Krishna, UR; Kulkarni, VN; Mandlekar, A; Naik, S; Sheth, UK, 1980)
"1 Seventeen patients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied in a double-blind crossover trial contrasting three different times of administration of twice-daily flurbiprofen."	5.05	Circadian variations in the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and in the therapeutic effectiveness of flurbiprofen at different times of day. ( Knapp, MS; Kowanko, IC; Mahoney, PG; Pownall, R; Swannell, AJ, 1981)
"Twenty-five patients suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea took part in a double-blind crossover study which demonstrated flurbiprofen (100 mg three times a day) to be significantly more effective than paracetamol (1 g three times a day) in providing pain relief on Days 1 and 2, and on the worst day of pain."	5.05	A comparison of flurbiprofen and paracetamol in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. ( Maclean, D, 1983)
"We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of studies to appraise the efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen axetil for controlling pain induced by propofol injection."	4.90	Efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen axetil in the prevention of pain on propofol injection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Bao, H; Luo, Z; Shi, H; Wang, H; Xu, L; Yu, Y; Zhang, L; Zhang, X; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y; Zhu, J, 2014)
"Preclinical Research The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of multiple applications of S(+)-flurbiprofen plaster (SFPP), a novel Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) patch, for the alleviation of inflammatory pain and edema in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) model as compared to other NSAID patches."	3.83	Topical Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Multiple Applications of S(+)-Flurbiprofen Plaster (SFPP) in a Rat Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model. ( Hori, M; Ichihara, T; Kaku, S; Matsumoto, H; Mitani, A; Otsuka, N; Sekine, S; Sugimoto, M; Toda, Y, 2016)
"We show that R-flurbiprofen reduces glutamate release in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord evoked by sciatic nerve injury and thereby alleviates pain in sciatic nerve injury models of neuropathic pain in rats and mice."	3.76	R-flurbiprofen reduces neuropathic pain in rodents by restoring endogenous cannabinoids. ( Bechmann, I; Bishay, P; Costigan, M; Dehghani, F; Geisslinger, G; Häussler, A; Koch, M; Kuner, R; Marian, C; Metzner, J; Myrczek, T; Schmidt, H; Tegeder, I; Wijnvoord, N; Ziebell, S, 2010)
"We examined the effects of U50,488, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, and flurbiprofen axetil, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, in a visceral pain model using conscious rats."	3.75	The individual and combined effects of U50,488, and flurbiprofen axetil on visceral pain in conscious rats. ( Kitamura, T; Ogawa, M; Yamada, Y, 2009)
"Urethane anaesthesia strongly reduced the peripheral edema (31+/-5 and 96+/-8% reduction of carrageenan-enhanced paw and ankle diameters, respectively; P<0."	3.71	Urethane anaesthesia could partly mask antinociceptive effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a spinal c-Fos protein study. ( Besson, JM; Buritova, J, 2001)
"The potential antinociceptive effects of the S(+)- and R(-)-enantiomers of flurbiprofen (SFB and RFB, respectively) were investigated when given intravenously to rats using the pain-induced functional impairment model in the rat (PIFIR), an animal model of arthritic pain."	3.70	Analysis of antinociceptive effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers in a rat model of arthritic pain. ( Cabré, F; Díaz, MI; Domínguez, AM; García, ML; Hernández, GP; López-Muñoz, FJ; Mauleón, D; Ventura, R, 2000)
"We investigated the antinociceptive properties of dexketoprofen trometamol [S(+)-ketoprofen tromethamine salt; SKP], a new analgesic, antiinflammatory drug, using the pain-induced functional impairment model in the rat (PIFIR), an animal model of arthritic pain."	3.70	Antinociceptive effects of S(+)-ketoprofen and other analgesic drugs in a rat model of pain induced by uric acid. ( Cabré, F; Díaz, I; Fernández-Guasti, A; López-Muñoz, FJ; Mauleón, D; Tost, D; Ventura, R, 1998)
"We report a case of biopsy-proven acute tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with a second course of flurbiprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the propionic acid class."	3.68	Flurbiprofen-associated acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. ( Kaufhold, J; McCabe, K; Wilkowski, M, 1991)
" A clinical trial was conducted with flurbiprofen 100 mg three times a day by mouth in rheumatoid arthritis to determine variability in response."	3.67	Variability in response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics: evidence from controlled clinical therapeutic trial of flurbiprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. ( Arnold, MH; Beller, EM; Brooks, PM; Buchanan, WW; Preston, SJ, 1988)
"The relative efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen (Ansaid, Upjohn) and indomethacin were compared in 29 patients with monoarticular gouty arthritis of less than 48 hours' duration."	3.67	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of acute gout. A comparison with indomethacin. ( Brinn, EL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Sack, RL; Turner, LF; Winblad, MA, 1986)
" There were four secondary outcomes, including the extent of pain relief, the change trends of VAS scores, joint function scores measured by the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and adverse events."	3.30	Efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen cataplasms versus loxoprofen sodium cataplasms in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. ( Cheng, Y; Guan, Z; Jia, J; Kan, J; Li, D; Liu, J; Wang, Z; Wu, Z; Xue, T; Yuan, P; Zhai, S; Zhang, G; Zhang, H; Zhang, K, 2023)
" Adverse drug reactions may be renal, gastrointestinal, hematological, or immunologic."	2.82	Efficacy and Safety of NSAIDs in Infants: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature of the Past 20 Years. ( Gorenflo, M; Saur, P; van den Anker, JN; van Dyk, M; Welzel, T; Ziesenitz, VC, 2022)
" The majority of drug-related adverse events (AEs) included mild dermatitis at the application sites and occurred in 46."	2.82	The Long-Term Safety of S-Flurbiprofen Plaster for Osteoarthritis Patients: An Open-Label, 52-Week Study. ( Hoshino, Y; Matsumoto, H; Matsushita, I; Otsuka, N; Yataba, I, 2016)
"Flurbiprofen was found to have a significant analgesic effect but this was not enhanced by combining it with alprazolam."	2.67	Comparison of flurbiprofen and alprazolam in the management of chronic pain syndrome. ( Wilson, A, 1990)
"Flurbiprofen was also rated superior to aspirin and placebo in the degree of pain relief."	2.66	Flurbiprofen for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. ( Shapiro, SS, 1986)
" Side-effects were similar in nature to those of other drugs in this group and no correlation in their frequency or severity with the dosage of flurbiprofen was found."	2.66	A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: II. Osteoarthrosis. ( Busson, M, 1986)
"Flurbiprofen appears to be an excellent alternative to phenylbutazone in the management of patients with ankylosing spondylitis."	2.66	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. A comparison with phenylbutazone. ( Brinn, EL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Sattler, LP; Turner, LF, 1986)
"Flurbiprofen is an excellent treatment for the control of pain and inflammation in patients with ankylosing spondylitis."	2.66	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. A comparison with indomethacin. ( Brinn, EL; Lamborn, KR; Lomen, PL; Turner, LF, 1986)
"Improvement of patients in all groups reached statistical significance after 1 month's treatment and remained significant at 12 months."	2.66	A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: III. Other articular conditions. ( Busson, M, 1986)
"Flurbiprofen was more effective than aspirin in producing analgesia (when daily pain scores were considered) after day 2 (p less than 0."	2.64	A comparative study of flurbiprofen and aspirin in soft tissue trauma. ( Muckle, DS, 1976)
" In the rat model, in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters confirmed the improved relative bioavailability of reduced graphene oxide hydrogel when compared with the control hydrogel (without reduced graphene oxide) and marketed transdermal patch."	1.62	Transdermal delivery of flurbiprofen from polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer stabilized reduced graphene oxide to manage pain in spondylitis: In vitro and in vivo studies. ( Li, T; Yang, C, 2021)
"Pain is one of the cardinal signs accompanying inflammation."	1.62	Effects of R-flurbiprofen and the oxygenated metabolites of endocannabinoids in inflammatory pain mice models. ( Alhouayek, M; Ben Kouidar, Y; Buisseret, B; Guillemot-Legris, O; Muccioli, GG; Paquot, A, 2021)
"Caffeine is able to increase the effect of rac-Flur in the arthritic gout-type pain in rats."	1.43	Antinociceptive Effect of Racemic Flurbiprofen and Caffeine Co-Administration in an Arthritic Gout-Type Pain in Rats. ( Espinosa-Juárez, JV; Jaramillo-Morales, OA; Liévano-Reyes, R; López-Muñoz, FJ; Pérez-Méndez, HI; Solís-Oba, A, 2016)
"The study aimed to prepare a transdermal patch for flurbiprofen using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as a permeation enhancer, and to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo percutaneous permeation of the drug, as well as the pharmacodynamic efficacy of the formulation."	1.42	Enhancement of skin permeation of flurbiprofen via its transdermal patches using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation. ( Chen, Y; Cun, D; Fang, L; Guo, W; Liu, X; Quan, P; Song, W; Wang, Z, 2015)
"Bradykinin pretreatment (10 microM, 5 min) induced a 219 +/- 26% increase in the number of spikes evoked by noxious heat stimulation and a drop in the heat threshold by 5."	1.31	Bradykinin-induced nociceptor sensitization to heat is mediated by cyclooxygenase products in isolated rat skin. ( Derow, A; Pethö, G; Reeh, PW, 2001)
"S(+)-flurbiprofen was significantly more potent than the non-cyclooxygenase inhibiting R(-)-enantiomer with a potency ratio of about 3 to 1."	1.29	Antinociceptive actions of R(-)-flurbiprofen--a non-cyclooxygenase inhibiting 2-arylpropionic acid--in rats. ( Brune, K; Ferreira, SH; Geisslinger, G; Menzel, S; Schlott, D, 1994)
"Flurbiprofen (50 mg kg-1) was inactive."	1.28	Synergistic anti-nociceptive effect of L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and flurbiprofen in the mouse. ( Babbedge, RC; Gaffen, Z; Hart, SL; Moore, PK; Morgan, CV; Wallace, P, 1992)
"Thirty-four patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, who were treated with flurbiprofen at a maximum dose of 4 mg/kg/day, had statistically significant decreases from baseline in 6 arthritis indices after 12 weeks of treatment."	1.27	Flurbiprofen in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. ( Athreya, B; Bass, J; Brandstrup, N; Brewer, E; Di Ianni, M; Goldsmith, D; Hollister, R; Kredich, D; Miller, J, 1986)

Research

Studies (78)

Authors

Clinical Trials (4)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Change From Baseline in Body Temperature at 2 Hours Post Initial Dose

Change From Baseline in Body Temperature at End of Study

Post 24 Hour, Multiple Dose Results: Weighted Sum of Differences Over 2 Hours for Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS2)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	29 (37.18)	18.7374
1990's	15 (19.23)	18.2507
2000's	15 (19.23)	29.6817
2010's	11 (14.10)	24.3611
2020's	8 (10.26)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Voilley, N	1
de Weille, J	1
Mamet, J	1
Lazdunski, M	1
Tomatsu, K	1
Yasuda, S	1
Fuady, A	1
Matsumoto, H	4
Dong, T	1
Cao, X	1
Zhang, Y	2
Wang, Z	3
Li, Y	1
Galustyan, AN	4
Sedavnykh, IS	4
Gonik, MI	1
Ziesenitz, VC	1
Welzel, T	1
van Dyk, M	1
Saur, P	1
Gorenflo, M	1
van den Anker, JN	1
Poromov, AA	3
Li, D	1
Cheng, Y	1
Yuan, P	1
Wu, Z	1
Liu, J	1
Kan, J	1
Zhang, K	1
Zhang, H	1
Zhang, G	1
Xue, T	1
Jia, J	1
Zhai, S	1
Guan, Z	1
Buisseret, B	1
Guillemot-Legris, O	1
Ben Kouidar, Y	1
Paquot, A	1
Muccioli, GG	1
Alhouayek, M	1
Yang, C	1
Li, T	1
Schachtel, B	2
Aspley, S	3
Shephard, A	3
Shea, T	3
Smith, G	2
Sanner, K	2
Savino, L	2
Rezuke, J	2
Schachtel, E	3
Zhang, L	1
Zhu, J	1
Xu, L	1
Zhang, X	1
Wang, H	1
Luo, Z	1
Zhao, Y	1
Yu, Y	1
Shi, H	1
Bao, H	1
Chen, Y	1
Quan, P	1
Liu, X	1
Guo, W	1
Song, W	1
Cun, D	1
Fang, L	1
Yataba, I	2
Otsuka, N	3
Matsushita, I	2
Hoshino, Y	2
Liévano-Reyes, R	1
Pérez-Méndez, HI	1
Solís-Oba, A	1
Jaramillo-Morales, OA	1
Espinosa-Juárez, JV	1
López-Muñoz, FJ	3
Sugimoto, M	1
Toda, Y	1
Hori, M	1
Mitani, A	1
Ichihara, T	1
Sekine, S	1
Kaku, S	1
Schachtel, BP	1
Fujii, Y	6
Itakura, M	3
Kitamura, T	1
Ogawa, M	1
Yamada, Y	1
Bishay, P	1
Schmidt, H	1
Marian, C	1
Häussler, A	1
Wijnvoord, N	1
Ziebell, S	1
Metzner, J	1
Koch, M	1
Myrczek, T	1
Bechmann, I	1
Kuner, R	1
Costigan, M	1
Dehghani, F	1
Geisslinger, G	5
Tegeder, I	1
Sedinkin, AA	2
Balandin, AV	2
Dimova, AD	2
Shiga, Y	1
Nishiyama, T	1
Nakayama, M	1
Ueki, R	1
Tanimoto, M	1
Tatara, T	1
Tsujimoto, S	1
Kaminoh, Y	1
Tashiro, C	1
Twycross, RG	1
Orfei, R	1
Meienberg, O	1
Frank, GJ	1
Kefford, RH	1
Rao, PN	1
Blacklock, NJ	1
Maclean, D	1
Krishna, UR	1
Naik, S	1
Mandlekar, A	1
Gupta, KC	1
Kulkarni, VN	1
Sheth, UK	1
Kamiyama, Y	1
Takahashi, Y	1
Hagiwara, H	1
Horiuchi, H	1
Tokusu, S	1
Kowanko, IC	1
Pownall, R	1
Knapp, MS	1
Swannell, AJ	1
Mahoney, PG	1
Mattara, L	1
Trotta, F	1
Biasi, D	1
Cervetti, R	1
Battisti, N	1
Ferreira, SH	1
Menzel, S	1
Schlott, D	1
Brune, K	3
Lötsch, J	1
Mohammadian, P	1
Kobal, G	1
Boullanger, N	1
el Kouri, D	1
Gaillard, F	1
Michaud, JL	1
Planchon, B	1
Brahma, AK	1
Shah, S	1
Hillier, VF	1
McLeod, D	1
Sabala, T	1
Brown, A	1
Marsden, J	1
Schaible, HG	1
Chen, X	1
Gallar, J	1
Belmonte, C	1
Ventura, R	2
Díaz, I	1
Fernández-Guasti, A	1
Tost, D	1
Cabré, F	2
Mauleón, D	2
Semark, A	1
Noakes, TD	1
St Clair Gibson, A	1
Lambert, MI	1
Zollman, TM	1
Bragg, RM	1
Harrison, DA	1
Buritova, J	1
Besson, JM	1
Díaz, MI	1
Hernández, GP	1
Domínguez, AM	1
García, ML	1
Pethö, G	1
Derow, A	1
Reeh, PW	1
Lee, P	2
Anderson, JA	2
Miller, J	3
Webb, J	2
Buchanan, WW	3
Muckle, DS	2
Morgan, CV	1
Babbedge, RC	1
Gaffen, Z	1
Wallace, P	1
Hart, SL	1
Moore, PK	1
Rossi, M	1
Monea, P	1
Lomeo, G	1
Tringali, G	1
Scaricabarozzi, I	1
Trezzani, R	1
Kaufhold, J	1
Wilkowski, M	1
McCabe, K	1
Beck, WS	1
Menzel-Soglowek, S	1
Peskar, BM	1
Peskar, BA	1
Wilson, A	1
de Nies, F	1
Lagrand, WK	1
Patka, P	1
Kantor, TG	1
Milsom, I	1
Andersch, B	1
Sundell, G	1
Preston, SJ	1
Arnold, MH	1
Beller, EM	1
Brooks, PM	1
Shapiro, SS	1
Busson, M	3
Lomen, PL	5
Samal, BA	1
Lamborn, KR	5
Sattler, LP	2
Crampton, SL	1
Broggini, M	1
Bottà, V	1
Benvenuti, C	1
Bass, J	1
Athreya, B	1
Brandstrup, N	1
Brewer, E	1
Di Ianni, M	1
Goldsmith, D	1
Hollister, R	1
Kredich, D	1
Turner, LF	4
Brinn, EL	4
Winblad, MA	1
Sack, RL	1
Finch, WR	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Effect of Over-the-counter Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Treatments on Cough Reflex Sensitivity in Subjects With Upper Respiratory Tract Infection[NCT05955885]	Early Phase 1	120 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-01	Recruiting
Alleviation of Upper Respiratory Inflammation and Associated Common Cold Symptoms[NCT06106880]	Phase 1	157 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-05-25	Completed
A Repeat-Dose, Multi-Centre, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Study to Determine the Safety and Efficacy of Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge Compared to Its Vehicle Control Lozenge in Patients With Painful Pharyngitis[NCT01048866]	Phase 3	198 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-11-30	Completed
The Evaluation of the Combination of Magnesium and Lidocaine for the Pretreatment of Pain That is Caused by the Injection of Propofol.[NCT01342510]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-04-30	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Intervention	degrees Fahrenheit (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-0.2
Placebo Lozenge	-0.0

Intervention	degrees Fahrenheit (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-0.4
Placebo Lozenge	-0.3

"The time weighted summed differences over 2 hours after taking a lozenge for all lozenges taken after the initial 24-hours post-baseline.~To measure the functional effect on pharyngitis, the participant was asked to evaluate his/her difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) using a 100-mm visual analog scale prior to dosing, and 1 hour and 2 hours post dose. The participant was instructed to swallow and Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how difficult it is to swallow now. A mark at 0-mm indicated not difficult and 100-mm indicated very difficult. Data for multiple doses/days were averaged to obtain the values used for calculating DSS2. The full range for differences was -5626 to 6374 with negative values indicating improvement in pain intensity.~Assessments were summarized using a repeated measures mixed model, with treatment and center as a fixed effect, time since Baseline as a covariate, and a random effect for participants." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Days 2-7

Post 24 Hour, Multiple Dose Results: Weighted Sum of Differences Over 2 Hours for Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS2)

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-21.0
Placebo Lozenge	-15.5

"The time weighted summed differences over 2 hours after taking a lozenge for all lozenges taken after the initial 24-hours post-baseline.~The participant was asked to evaluate how swollen his/her throat felt using a 100-mm visual analog scale prior to dosing, and 1 hour and 2 hours post dose.~The patient was instructed to swallow and Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how swollen your throat feels now. A mark at 0-mm indicated not swollen and 100-mm indicated very swollen. Data for multiple doses/days were averaged to obtain the values used for calculating SWoTS2. The full range for differences was -5396 to 6604 with negative values indicating improvement in pain intensity.~Assessments were summarized using a repeated measures mixed model, with treatment and center as a fixed effect, time since Baseline as a covariate, and a random effect for participants." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Days 2-7

Post 24 Hour, Multiple Dose Results: Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) Over 2 Hours for the Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS SPID2)

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-19.5
Placebo Lozenge	-13.4

"The time weighted summed differences over 2 hours after taking a lozenge after the initial 24-hours post-baseline.~STPIS is a validated 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants that measures pain on swallowing (odynophagia). A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain and 100-mm indicates severe pain. SPID2 was calculated as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from a measurement taken prior to taking a lozenge and at hours 1 + 2 after taking the lozenge during Days 2-7. Data for multiple doses/days were averaged to obtain the values used for calculating SPID2. The full range for SPID2 was -5843 to 6157 with negative values indicating improvement in pain intensity. Assessments were summarized using a repeated measures mixed model, with treatment and center as a fixed effect, time since Baseline as a covariate, and a random effect for participants." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Days 2-7

Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 2 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID2)

Intervention	units on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-22.7
Placebo Lozenge	-16.8

"STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. SPID2 was calculated as the sum of the time weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 2 hours post dose. The full range was -9492 (complete pain relief within one hour of dosing that lasts 2 hours) to 2508 (maximum pain within 1 hour lasting 2 hours) using the mean baseline STPIS.~If a participant used rescue medication (acetaminophen 650mg was allowed as needed post dose), all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments (recorded or derived due to rescue) were imputed using linear interpolation assuming the time of the missing assessment to be the nominal time since initial dose." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: baseline (pre-dose), post-dose: 1 hour, 2 hours

Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale (STPIS) Over the 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24)

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-37.1
Placebo Lozenge	-17.9

"STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. SPID24 was calculated as the sum of the time weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours. The full range was -104412 (complete pain relief within 1 hour of dosing that lasts 24 hours) to 27588 (maximum pain within 1 hour lasting 24 hours) using the mean baseline STPIS.~Participants with a last recorded time point <21 hours were considered Not Evaluable. If a participant used rescue medication, all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments were imputed using linear interpolation assuming the time of the missing assessment to be the nominal time since initial dose." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: baseline (pre-dose), post-dose - hourly up to 24 hours

Time Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity Differences (SPID) in Sore Throat Pain Intensity Scale Over 24 Hours Post-baseline (STPIS SPID24) For Participants With Baseline Practitioner's Assessment of Pharyngeal Inflammation (PAIN) of Moderate or Severe

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-522.9
Placebo Lozenge	-326.5

"STPIS measures sore throat pain intensity on a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. A mark at 0-mm indicates no pain upon swallowing and 100-mm indicates severe pain. For the subgroup of patients with moderate/severe pharyngeal inflammation at baseline, SPID24 was calculated as the sum of the time weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours. Taking inclusion criteria into account, the full range was -115695 (no pain at any post-dose time (0) - average baseline) to 28505 (maximum possible pain (100) - average baseline).~Participants with their last recorded time point <21 hours were considered Not Evaluable. If a participant used rescue medication, all post-rescue STPIS values in the 24-hour interval were assigned the baseline value for STPIS. Missing scores of STPIS with non-missing STPIS scores at earlier and later assessments were imput" (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: baseline (pre-dose), 24 hours post dose (measured each hour post dose)

Time Weighted Summed Differences in Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS) During the Initial 2 Hours From Baseline

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-476.9
Placebo Lozenge	-351.3

"DSS measures difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) using a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. Participants were instructed to swallow and Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how difficult it is to swallow now. A mark at 0-mm indicated not difficult and 100-mm indicated very difficult.~Data are reported as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 2 hours post dose. The full range was -9360 (no difficulty swallowing within 1 hour of dosing that lasts 2 hours) to 2640 (maximum difficulty swallowing within 1 hour of dosing lasting 2 hours) using the baseline DSS value.~Missing values of DSS with non-missing values at assessments before and after were calculated using linear interpolation." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Baseline (pre-dose), Hours 1 and 2 post-dose

Time Weighted Summed Differences in Difficulty Swallowing Scale (DSS) During the Initial 24 Hours From Baseline

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-37.1
Placebo Lozenge	-18.1

"DSS measures difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) using a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. Participants were instructed to swallow and Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how difficult it is to swallow now. A mark at 0-mm indicated not difficult and 100-mm indicated very difficult.~Data are reported as the sum of the time-weighted pain intensity differences from baseline until 24 hours post dose. The full range was -102960 (no difficulty swallowing within 1 hour of dosing that lasts 24 hours) to 29040 (maximum difficulty swallowing within 1 hour of dosing lasting 24 hours) using the baseline DSS value. Negative values indicate improvement in difficulty swallowing.~Missing values of DSS with non-missing values at assessments before and after were calculated using linear interpolation." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Baseline (pre-dose), hourly readings to 24 hours post-dose

Time Weighted Summed Differences in Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS) During the Initial 2 Hours From Baseline

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-555.5
Placebo Lozenge	-379.4

"SwoTS measures how swollen a participant's throat felt using a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. Participants were instructed to swallow and Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how swollen your throat feels now. A mark at 0-mm indicated not swollen and 100-mm indicated very swollen.~The full range of the sum of the time-weighted swollen throat differences from baseline until 2 hours was -9120 (throat did not feel swollen at all within 1 hour of dosing and lasted 2 hours) to 2880 (maximum swollen throat reported within 1 hour and lasting 2 hours) using the mean baseline SwoTS.~Negative values for the differences indicate improvement. Missing values of SwoTS with non-missing values at assessments before and after were calculated using linear interpolation." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Baseline (pre-dose), hourly readings to 2 hours post-dose

Time Weighted Summed Differences in Swollen Throat Scale (SwoTS) During the Initial 24 Hours From Baseline

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-35.5
Placebo Lozenge	-16.9

"SwoTS measures how swollen a participant's throat felt using a 100-mm visual analog scale completed by participants. Participants were instructed to swallow and Place a line on the scale that best characterizes how swollen your throat feels now. A mark at 0-mm indicated not swollen and 100-mm indicated very swollen.~The full range of the sum of the time-weighted swollen throat differences from baseline until 24 hours was -100320 (throat did not feel swollen at all within 1 hour of dosing and lasted 24 hours) to 31680 (maximum swollen throat reported within 1 hour and lasting 24 hours) using the mean baseline SwoTS. Negative values for differences indicate improvement." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Baseline (pre-dose), hourly readings to 24 hours post-dose

Investigators' Clinical Assessment (CLIN) Of Study Medication as a Treatment for Sore Throat at 24 Hours After Initial Dose

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	-542.4
Placebo Lozenge	-377.4

"Investigators assessed the effectiveness of study medication on the patient's sore throat at 24 hours following initial dose by answering the following question: Considering the patient's response to the study medicine over the past 24 hours, how do you rate the study medicine as a treatment for sore throat? Responses were poor, fair, good, very good or excellent." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Investigators' Clinical Assessment (CLIN) Of Study Medication as a Treatment for Sore Throat at End of Study (Day 7)

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Poor	Fair	Good	Very Good	Excellent
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	25.0	27.0	26.0	14.0	8.0
Placebo Lozenge	25.3	29.5	24.2	12.6	8.4

"Investigators assessed the effectiveness of study medication on the patient's sore throat at the end of study by answering the following question: Considering the patient's response to the study medicine over the past 7 days, how do you rate the study medicine as a treatment for sore throat? Responses were poor, fair, good, very good or excellent." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Day 7 (end of study)

Participant Satisfaction Score 24 Hours After Initial Dose

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Poor	Fair	Good	Very Good	Excellent
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	19.8	22.9	24.0	26.0	7.3
Placebo Lozenge	25.0	26.1	20.7	22.8	5.4

After 24 hours of treatment, participants rated their satisfaction with the treatment on a 7-step scale from extremely dissatisfied to extremely satisfied. (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Percentage of Participants Who Took Rescue Pain Medication

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Extremely dissatisfied	Very dissatisfied	Dissatisfied	Somewhat satisfied	Satisfied	Very satisified	Extremely satisfied
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	4.0	4.0	10.9	27.7	23.8	24.8	5.0
Placebo Lozenge	5.2	9.4	14.6	32.3	26.0	7.3	5.2

Participants were allowed a dose of rescue medication (acetaminophen 650mg), as needed, post-treatment dosing during the study. (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Days 1-7

Post 24 Hour, Multiple Dose Results: Sore Throat Relief As Reported by Participants 2 Hours After Dosing

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	Yes	No
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	13.9	86.1
Placebo Lozenge	25.8	74.2

"Participants graded the relief of his/her sore throat at 2 hours after taking a lozenge for all lozenges taken after the initial 24-hours post-baseline using the Sore Throat Relief Rating Scale (STRRS), which is a 6-category relief scale.~The patient was instructed to swallow and:~Considering how your throat felt before you took the study medicine, circle the phrase that best describes the relief of your sore throat now. Responses following each lozenge were no relief, slight, mild, moderate, considerable, and complete relief. Results summarize responses 2 hours after taking each lozenge." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Days 2-7

Sore Throat Relief As Reported by Participants 2 Hours After Initial Dose

Intervention	percentage of doses (Number)
	No relief	Slight relief	Mild relief	Moderate relief	Considerable relief	Complete relief
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	9.7	21.7	25.2	16.5	18.9	8.0
Placebo Lozenge	23.0	24.8	19.0	13.7	14.7	4.9

"Participants graded the relief of his/her sore throat at 2 hours post initial dose using the Sore Throat Relief Rating Scale (STRRS), which is a 6-category relief scale.~The patient was instructed to swallow and asked:~Considering how your throat felt before you took the study medicine, circle the phrase that best describes the relief of your sore throat now. Responses were no relief, slight, mild, moderate, considerable, and complete relief." (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: 2 hours

Time to First Rescue Pain Medication

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	No relief	Slight relief	Mild relief	Moderate relief	Considerable relief
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	9.9	28.7	27.7	17.8	15.8
Placebo Lozenge	38.1	22.7	17.5	18.6	3.1

Participants were allowed a dose of rescue medication (acetaminophen 650mg), as needed, post-treatment during the study. Time from initial dose to first rescue medication is summarized by time categories. (NCT01048866)
Timeframe: Days 1-7

Number of Patients With Pain Associated With Injection of Propofol.

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	2 - <4 hours	4 - <6 hours	6 - <24 hours	24 - <72 hours	72 - 168 hours	Did not rescue
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg Lozenge	2.0	2.0	5.9	3.0	1.0	86.1
Placebo Lozenge	6.2	2.1	13.4	3.1	1.0	74.2

"Ten seconds following injection of propofol, subjects were asked Are you having pain at your IV site? Any behavioral signs were noted. Injection pain was assessed using the following four point scale: 0 = no pain; 1 = mild pain (pain reported only in response to questioning and without behavioral signs); 2 = moderate pain (pain reported in response to questioning and accompanied by a behavioral sign, or pain reported spontaneously without questioning); and 3 = severe pain (strong vocal response or response accompanied by facial grimacing, arm withdrawal, or tears)." (NCT01342510)
Timeframe: < 1 minute.

Percentage of Participants Reporting Pain With Injection of Propofol

Intervention	participants reporting pain (Number)
Lidocaine	11
Magnesium	25
Lidocaine/Magnesium	15
Control	18

Following injection of the study drug, 50 mg of propofol will be injected. Ten seconds after propofol, subjects will be asked a standard question about pain. Behavioral signs will be noted. Pain will be assessed using a four point scale: 0=no pain, 1=mild pain (pain reported only in response to questioning and without behavioral signs), 2=moderate pain (pain reported in response to questioning and a behavioral sign, or pain reported without questioning), 3=severe pain (strong vocal response or behavioral response). (NCT01342510)
Timeframe: Approximately 10 seconds following administration of propofol.

Article	Year
Efficacy and safety of S-flurbiprofen plaster in knee osteoarthritis patients: A 2-week randomized controlled Phase III clinical trial compared to diclofenac gel. International journal of rheumatic diseases, 2022, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Diclofenac; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Oste	2022
[Results of a clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pharyngitis; Pro	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
[Results of the clinical study of the combination of flurbiprofen and cetylpyridinium chloride in patients with sore throat]. Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2022, Volume: 87, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Cetylpyridinium; Double-Blind Method; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Hyperemia; Pain; Pain Measurement	2022
Efficacy and safety of flurbiprofen cataplasms versus loxoprofen sodium cataplasms in knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Chinese medical journal, 2023, Sep-20, Volume: 136, Issue:18 Topics: Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Mi	2023
Onset of action of a lozenge containing flurbiprofen 8.75 mg: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with a new method for measuring onset of analgesic activity. Pain, 2014, Volume: 155, Issue:2 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Double-Blind Method; Drug Delivery Systems; Fem	2014
Utility of the sore throat pain model in a multiple-dose assessment of the acute analgesic flurbiprofen: a randomized controlled study. Trials, 2014, Jul-03, Volume: 15 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Deglutition; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administ	2014
Utility of the sore throat pain model in a multiple-dose assessment of the acute analgesic flurbiprofen: a randomized controlled study. Trials, 2014, Jul-03, Volume: 15 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Deglutition; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administ	2014
Utility of the sore throat pain model in a multiple-dose assessment of the acute analgesic flurbiprofen: a randomized controlled study. Trials, 2014, Jul-03, Volume: 15 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Deglutition; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administ	2014
Utility of the sore throat pain model in a multiple-dose assessment of the acute analgesic flurbiprofen: a randomized controlled study. Trials, 2014, Jul-03, Volume: 15 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics; Deglutition; Double-Blind Method; Drug Administ	2014
Efficacy of S-flurbiprofen plaster in knee osteoarthritis treatment: Results from a phase III, randomized, active-controlled, adequate, and well-controlled trial. Modern rheumatology, 2017, Volume: 27, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Fe	2017
The Long-Term Safety of S-Flurbiprofen Plaster for Osteoarthritis Patients: An Open-Label, 52-Week Study. Clinical drug investigation, 2016, Volume: 36, Issue:8 Topics: Administration, Topical; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dermatitis, Contact; Female;	2016
Flurbiprofen 8.75 mg lozenges for treating sore throat symptoms: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pain management, 2016, Volume: 6, Issue:6 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Adult; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; Pa	2016
Pretreatment with flurbiprofen axetil, flurbiprofen axetil preceded by venous occlusion, and a mixture of flurbiprofen axetil and propofol in reducing pain on injection of propofol in adult Japanese surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-bli Clinical therapeutics, 2009, Volume: 31, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurb	2009
Efficacy of the lidocaine/flurbiprofen axetil combination for reducing pain during the injection of propofol. Minerva anestesiologica, 2011, Volume: 77, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Lo	2011
[Results of an open prospective controlled randomized comparative trial of efficacy and tolerance of sublingual tablets flurbiprofen (strepfen) and paracetamol in patients with throat pain in acute infectious-inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory Vestnik otorinolaringologii, 2004, Issue:5 Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Drug Hypersensitivity; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Pain; Prospect	2004
[Results of an open prospective controlled randomized comparative trial of flurbiprofen and paracetamol efficacy and tolerance in patients with throat pain]. Terapevticheskii arkhiv, 2005, Volume: 77, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male	2005
Flurbiprofen axetil preceded by venous occlusion in the prevention of pain on propofol injection in the hand: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, dose-finding study in Japanese adult surgical patients. Clinical therapeutics, 2005, Volume: 27, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;	2005
How to decrease pain at rapid injection of propofol: effectiveness of flurbiprofen. Journal of anesthesia, 2005, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans;	2005
Influence of age on flurbiprofen axetil requirements for preventing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, parallel-group, dose-ranging study. Clinical therapeutics, 2006, Volume: 28, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doubl	2006
Emulsion of flurbiprofen axetil reduces propofol injection pain due to a decrease in free propofol concentration. Journal of anesthesia, 2007, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Analgesics; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Double-Blind Method; Emulsions; Flurb	2007
Comparison of lidocaine, metoclopramide, and flurbiprofen axetil for reducing pain on injection of propofol in Japanese adult surgical patients: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study. Clinical therapeutics, 2008, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Local; Double-Blind Method; Female;	2008
Report of a double-blind crossover study to compare flurbiprofen with paracetamol in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. The Journal of international medical research, 1983, Volume: 11 Suppl 2 Topics: Acetaminophen; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Dysmenorrhea; Female; Flurbiprofen; Hu	1983
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (flurbiprofen) to control idiopathic hypercalciuria resistant to dietary manipulation. British journal of urology, 1983, Volume: 55, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Calcium; Clinical Trials as Topic; Erythema; Female; Flurbiprofen; Headache; Humans; Ma	1983
A comparison of flurbiprofen and paracetamol in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. The Journal of international medical research, 1983, Volume: 11 Suppl 2 Topics: Acetaminophen; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Double-Blind Method; Dysmenorrhe	1983
Flurbiprofen in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1980, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Dysmenorrhea; Female; Flu	1980
[Effects of flurbiprofen (FP-70) on pain in periodontics: double-blind methods in comparison with aspirin]. Shikai tenbo = Dental outlook, 1980, Volume: 56, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofe	1980
Circadian variations in the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and in the therapeutic effectiveness of flurbiprofen at different times of day. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1981, Volume: 11, Issue:5 Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Circadian Rhythm; Drug Administration Schedule; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Pain; P	1981
Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a new locally acting preparation of flurbiprofen in scapulohumeral periarthritis. European journal of rheumatology and inflammation, 1994, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Humerus;	1994
[The evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of flurbiprofen mouthwash and 100-mg tablets in oral medicine]. Minerva stomatologica, 1994, Volume: 43, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; Mouth Diseases; Mouthwashes; Pain; Pain Measurement; Post	1994
Effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers on pain-related chemo-somatosensory evoked potentials in human subjects. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1995, Volume: 40, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Double-Blind Method; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials, Auditory; Evoked	1995
Topical analgesia for superficial corneal injuries. Journal of accident & emergency medicine, 1996, Volume: 13, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Corneal Injuries; Drug Admi	1996
The effect of a prophylactic dose of flurbiprofen on muscle soreness and sprinting performance in trained subjects. Journal of sports sciences, 1999, Volume: 17, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Creatine Kinase; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Lactates; Mal	1999
Clinical effects of oleoresin capsicum (pepper spray) on the human cornea and conjunctiva. Ophthalmology, 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Anesthetics, Local; Conjunctiva; Cornea; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; Midd	2000
Evaluation of analgesic action and efficacy of antirheumatic drugs. Study of 10 drugs in 684 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of rheumatology, 1976, Volume: 3, Issue:3 Topics: Acetaminophen; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspirin; Clinical Tri	1976
A comparative study of flurbiprofen and aspirin in soft tissue trauma. British journal of sports medicine, 1976, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Flu	1976
[Comparative evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency of flurbiprofene in rheumatoid polyarthritis]. Revue du rhumatisme et des maladies osteo-articulaires, 1975, Volume: 42, Issue:6 Topics: Acetaminophen; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspirin; Biphenyl Compounds; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Cl	1975
[Clinical study of the efficacy of and tolerance to nimesulide in suppository formulation in pain-inflammatory pathologies of the ear, nose, and throat]. Minerva medica, 1991, Volume: 82, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofen; Hum	1991
Comparison of flurbiprofen and alprazolam in the management of chronic pain syndrome. Psychiatric journal of the University of Ottawa : Revue de psychiatrie de l'Universite d'Ottawa, 1990, Volume: 15, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; Alprazolam; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; M	1990
[The effect of flurbiprofen in acute ankle distortions]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 1989, Mar-04, Volume: 133, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Ankle Injuries; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Double-Blind Method; Fem	1989
Flurbiprofen for the treatment of soft tissue trauma. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Acetaminophen; Aspirin; Back Pain; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Knee; Leg Injuries; Ligaments, Articular; P	1986
The effect of flurbiprofen and naproxen sodium on intra-uterine pressure and menstrual pain in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 1988, Volume: 67, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Dysmenorrhea; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Na	1988
Flurbiprofen for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aspirin; Dinoprost; Dysmenorrhea; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Middle Aged; Pain	1986
A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: I. Rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of international medical research, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Clinical Trials as Topic; Constipation; Dizziness;	1986
A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: III. Other articular conditions. The Journal of international medical research, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arthritis; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fema	1986
A long-term study of flurbiprofen in rheumatological disorders: II. Osteoarthrosis. The Journal of international medical research, 1986, Volume: 14, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male	1986
Flurbiprofen for the treatment of bone pain in patients with metastatic breast cancer. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone and Bones; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Met	1986
Flurbiprofen versus ASA in influenza symptomatology: a double-blind study. International journal of clinical pharmacology research, 1986, Volume: 6, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Flurbiprofen; Headache; Human	1986
Flurbiprofen in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. A comparison with phenylbutazone. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Drug Evaluation; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain; Phenylbut	1986
Flurbiprofen in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis. A comparison with indomethacin. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Drug Evaluation; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Indomethacin; Male; Middle Aged; P	1986
Flurbiprofen in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. A comparison with aspirin. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspirin; Drug Evaluation; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Male; Mi	1986

Article	Year
Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit both the activity and the inflammation-induced expression of acid-sensing ion channels in nociceptors. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2001, Oct-15, Volume: 21, Issue:20 Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Acids; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Cells, Cultured;	2001
Effect of flurbiprofen axetil on pain and cognitive dysfunction after radical operation of cervical cancer in elderly patients. Minerva surgery, 2022, Volume: 77, Issue:5 Topics: Aged; Cognitive Dysfunction; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Pain; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	2022
Effects of R-flurbiprofen and the oxygenated metabolites of endocannabinoids in inflammatory pain mice models. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2021, Volume: 35, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Capsaicin; Carrageenan; Endocannabinoids; Flurbiprofen; Gene Expression Regulat	2021
Transdermal delivery of flurbiprofen from polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene block copolymer stabilized reduced graphene oxide to manage pain in spondylitis: In vitro and in vivo studies. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021, Oct-01, Volume: 165 Topics: Animals; Flurbiprofen; Graphite; Humans; Pain; Polyethylene Glycols; Polymers; Propylene Glycols; Ra	2021
Enhancement of skin permeation of flurbiprofen via its transdermal patches using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2015, Volume: 67, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chemistry, Pharmaceutic	2015
Antinociceptive Effect of Racemic Flurbiprofen and Caffeine Co-Administration in an Arthritic Gout-Type Pain in Rats. Drug development research, 2016, Volume: 77, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Gouty; Caffeine; Disease Models, Animal	2016
Topical Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Effects of Multiple Applications of S(+)-Flurbiprofen Plaster (SFPP) in a Rat Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model. Drug development research, 2016, Volume: 77, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis,	2016
The individual and combined effects of U50,488, and flurbiprofen axetil on visceral pain in conscious rats. Anesthesia and analgesia, 2009, Volume: 108, Issue:6 Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Abdominal	2009
R-flurbiprofen reduces neuropathic pain in rodents by restoring endogenous cannabinoids. PloS one, 2010, May-13, Volume: 5, Issue:5 Topics: Amidohydrolases; Analgesics; Animals; Biomarkers; Cannabinoids; Disease Models, Animal; Fluorescent	2010
Pretreatment with flurbiprofen axetil and venous occlusion to reduce pain during injection of propofol. Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2004, Volume: 51, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Female; Flurbiprofen; Hand; Human	2004
Pruritus and pain in en cuirass breast cancer. Lancet (London, England), 1981, Sep-26, Volume: 2, Issue:8248 Topics: Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Pain; Pruritus	1981
Carotidynia: report of eight cases and prospective evaluation of therapy. Journal of neurology, 1983, Volume: 230, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Carotid Artery Diseases; Dihydroergotamine; Female; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Indomethacin;	1983
Antinociceptive actions of R(-)-flurbiprofen--a non-cyclooxygenase inhibiting 2-arylpropionic acid--in rats. Life sciences, 1994, Volume: 54, Issue:10 Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Central Nervous System; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Flurbi	1994
Atrial myxoma mimicking systemic disease. Profile modified by flurbiprofen administration. Chest, 1996, Volume: 109, Issue:5 Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthralgia; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Flurbiprofen; Heart	1996
Reduction by antiinflammatory drugs of the response of corneal sensory nerve fibers to chemical irritation. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 1997, Volume: 38, Issue:10 Topics: Acetic Acid; Analgesia; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Calcium Channel Blockers;	1997
Antinociceptive effects of S(+)-ketoprofen and other analgesic drugs in a rat model of pain induced by uric acid. Journal of clinical pharmacology, 1998, Volume: 38, Issue:S1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Biotransformation; Dise	1998
Urethane anaesthesia could partly mask antinociceptive effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a spinal c-Fos protein study. Brain research, 2001, Feb-09, Volume: 891, Issue:1-2 Topics: Anesthetics, Intravenous; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Carrageenan; Cell Count;	2001
Analysis of antinociceptive effects of flurbiprofen enantiomers in a rat model of arthritic pain. Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:8 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Area Under Curve; Arthritis; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship	2000
Bradykinin-induced nociceptor sensitization to heat is mediated by cyclooxygenase products in isolated rat skin. The European journal of neuroscience, 2001, Volume: 14, Issue:2 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Bradykinin; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Flurbiprofen;	2001
Synergistic anti-nociceptive effect of L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and flurbiprofen in the mouse. British journal of pharmacology, 1992, Volume: 106, Issue:2 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arginine; Behavior, Animal; Blood Pres	1992
Flurbiprofen-associated acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. American journal of nephrology, 1991, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Ibuprofen; Kidney; Male; Nephritis, Interstitial; Pain	1991
Aspirin-like drugs may block pain independently of prostaglandin synthesis inhibition. Experientia, 1991, Mar-15, Volume: 47, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Digestive System; Flurbiprofen; Male; Pain; Prostaglandin Antagonists; Prostagland	1991
Physiology and treatment of pain and inflammation. Analgesic effects of flurbiprofen. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Bradykinin; Brai	1986
Variability in response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics: evidence from controlled clinical therapeutic trial of flurbiprofen in rheumatoid arthritis. British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1988, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Flurbiprofen; H	1988
Flurbiprofen in the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of rheumatology, 1986, Volume: 13, Issue:6 Topics: Abdomen; Adolescent; Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Flurbiprofen; Headache; H	1986
Control of acute and chronic pain with Ansaid (flurbiprofen). The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Flurbiprofen; Humans; Pain; Propionates	1986
Flurbiprofen in the treatment of acute gout. A comparison with indomethacin. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Acute Disease; Arthritis; Drug Evaluation; Flurbiprofen; Gout; Humans; Indomethacin; Pain; Propionat	1986
Review of the dosing regimens for flurbiprofen. A potent analgesic/anti-inflammatory agent. The American journal of medicine, 1986, Mar-24, Volume: 80, Issue:3A Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Flurbiprofen; Humans; Pain; Propionates	1986

flurbiprofen and Ache