flucytosine and Cerebral Cryptococcosis studies

Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.
flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) is the recommended induction treatment for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM)."	9.20	Toxicity of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate-Based Induction Therapy in Patients with HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. ( Bicanic, T; Bottomley, C; Brouwer, AE; Harrison, TS; Hosseinipour, MC; Jackson, A; Jarvis, JN; Limmathurotsakul, D; Loyse, A; Meintjes, G; Muzoora, C; Phulusa, J; Taseera, K; van der Horst, C; White, NJ; Wilson, D; Wood, R, 2015)
"A 25-year-old pregnant women with cryptococcal meningitis treated with itraconazole during the first few weeks and 12th-16th week of pregnancy is reported."	7.68	Itraconazole in cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy: a case report. ( Chotmongkol, V; Sookprasert, A, 1992)
"The AmBisome Therapy Induction Optimization (AMBITION-cm) trial, conducted in eastern and southern Africa, showed that a single, high dose (10 mg/kg) of liposomal amphotericin B, given with an oral backbone of fluconazole and flucytosine, was noninferior to the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended regimen of 7 days of amphotericin B deoxycholate plus flucytosine for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cryptococcal meningitis and has been incorporated into WHO treatment guidelines."	5.69	How Applicable Is the Single-Dose AMBITION Regimen for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis to High-Income Settings? ( Boulware, DR; Harrison, TS; Hosseinipour, MC; Jarvis, JN; Lawrence, DS; Lortholary, O; Meintjes, G; Mosepele, M; Mwandumba, HC, 2023)
"Amphotericin B deoxycholate (AmBd) is the recommended induction treatment for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM)."	5.20	Toxicity of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate-Based Induction Therapy in Patients with HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. ( Bicanic, T; Bottomley, C; Brouwer, AE; Harrison, TS; Hosseinipour, MC; Jackson, A; Jarvis, JN; Limmathurotsakul, D; Loyse, A; Meintjes, G; Muzoora, C; Phulusa, J; Taseera, K; van der Horst, C; White, NJ; Wilson, D; Wood, R, 2015)
"HIV-uninfected CM patients who received high-dose fluconazole (800 mg/d) for initial therapy in Huashan Hospital were included in this retrospective study from January 2013 to December 2018."	4.31	Induction therapy with high-dose fluconazole plus flucytosine for human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected cryptococcal meningitis patients: Feasible or not? ( Cheng, JH; Jiang, YK; Luo, Y; Wang, X; Zhao, HZ; Zhou, LH; Zhu, LP; Zhu, RS, 2023)
" We herein report an HIV-infected patient with disseminated cryptococcosis involving multiple organs including the blood, brain, lungs, and bone marrow, who developed progressive pancytopenia after initiation of anti-fungal treatment with liposomal amphotericin-B (L-AMB) and flucytosine (5FC)."	4.12	Progressive Cytopenia Developing during Treatment of Cryptococcosis in a Patient with HIV Infection and Bone Marrow Cryptococcal Infection. ( Ando, N; Aoki, T; Katsura, M; Kikuchi, Y; Koizumi, Y; Mizushima, D; Oka, S; Okuhama, A; Teruya, K; Tsukada, K; Watanabe, K; Yanagawa, Y, 2022)
" Staining with periodic acid-Schiff, Grocott's methenamine silver and Fontana-Masson revealed yeast-form fungus in the granulomas."	3.74	Granulomatous prostatitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans: diagnostic usefulness of special stains and molecular analysis of 18S rDNA. ( Murakami, C; Nakano, N; Wada, R; Wakasaya, Y; Yagihashi, S; Yajima, N; Yamato, K; Yoneyama, T, 2008)
" We report a patient with cryptococcal meningitis who, while on intravenous 5-flucytosine and amphotericin B, developed life-threatening bilateral massive pleural effusions with evidence of spontaneous resolution, consistent with prior hypothesis of antigenic stimulation as the cause of pleural involvement."	3.70	Massive pleural effusions in cryptococcal meningitis. ( Liam, CK; Lim, KH; Wong, CM, 1999)
"The case of an 18-year-old pregnant woman with cryptococcal meningitis treated with amphotericin B and flucytosine since the third trimester of pregnancy is reported."	3.69	Cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy. ( Chen, CP; Wang, KG, 1996)
" She was treated with amphotericin B and flucytosine with some improvement, but on the 9th day she awoke with headache, drowsiness, and total blindness, although no papilledema."	3.68	Raised intracranial pressure and visual complications in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis. ( Ash, S; Cohen, J; Corbett, EL; Foster, O; Johnston, SR, 1992)
"A 25-year-old pregnant women with cryptococcal meningitis treated with itraconazole during the first few weeks and 12th-16th week of pregnancy is reported."	3.68	Itraconazole in cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy: a case report. ( Chotmongkol, V; Sookprasert, A, 1992)
" With the exception of a higher incidence of gastrointestinal side effects in the 2000mg cohort, both induction doses of FCZ were safe and well tolerated."	3.30	Higher Dose Oral Fluconazole for the Treatment of AIDS-related Cryptococcal Meningitis (HIFLAC)-report of A5225, a multicentre, phase I/II, two-stage, dose-finding, safety, tolerability and efficacy randomised, amphotericin B-controlled trial of the AIDS ( Aberg, JA; Badal-Faesen, S; Bukuru, A; Clifford, DB; Hogg, E; Komarow, L; Lagat, D; Lalloo, UG; Langat, D; Larsen, RA; Mave, V; McKhann, A; Pillay, S; Samaneka, W; Supparatpinyo, K; Ticona, E, 2023)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related death in sub-Saharan Africa."	3.11	Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis. ( Boulware, DR; Boyer-Chammard, T; Chawinga, C; Chen, T; Comins, K; Harrison, TS; Hlupeni, A; Hope, W; Hosseinipour, MC; Jaffar, S; Jarvis, JN; Jjunju, S; Kagimu, E; Kanyama, C; Kasibante, J; Lalloo, DG; Lawrence, DS; Leeme, T; Lortholary, O; Loyse, A; Meintjes, G; Meya, DB; Molloy, SF; Mosepele, M; Moyo, M; Mpoza, E; Mutata, C; Muzoora, C; Mwandumba, HC; Mzinganjira, H; Ndhlovu, CE; Nuwagira, E; Rhein, J; Rutakingirwa, MK; Schutz, C; Siamisang, K; Singh, A; Ssebambulidde, K; Tugume, L; van Widenfelt, E; Wang, D; Youssouf, N, 2022)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a devastating brain infection cause by encapsulated yeasts of the Cryptococcus genus."	2.82	Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis: How Have We Got Here and Where are We Going? ( Day, JN; Flower, B; Ngan, NTT, 2022)
"Mortality related to cryptococcal meningitis remains high, and novel treatment strategies are needed."	2.77	Adjunctive interferon-γ immunotherapy for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomized controlled trial. ( Bekker, LG; Bicanic, T; Harrison, TS; Jarvis, JN; Meintjes, G; Rebe, K; Schutz, C; Williams, A; Williams, GN; Wood, R, 2012)
" Fluconazole at a dosage of 1200 mg per day is more fungicidal than at a dosage of 800 mg per day, but mortality rates remain unacceptably high."	2.75	Combination flucytosine and high-dose fluconazole compared with fluconazole monotherapy for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis: a randomized trial in Malawi. ( Harrison, TS; Hosseinipour, MC; Jackson, A; Jaffar, S; Jarvis, JN; Kamwendo, D; Kanyemba, C; Kenala, J; Namarika, D; Nussbaum, JC; Phulusa, J; van der Horst, CM, 2010)
"In non-AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis admitted to Huashan Hospital, Fudan University in Shanghai from January 1998 to December 2007, 31 were initially treated with low-dose amphotericin B and flucytosine for more than 1 week."	2.75	[Evaluation of low-dose amphotericin B and flucytosine in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis]. ( Huang, YX; Jiang, WM; Jin, JL; Ou, XT; Weng, XH; Wu, JQ; Xie, Y; Xu, B; Zhu, LP, 2010)
" A dosage range for AmB of 0."	2.73	High-dose amphotericin B with flucytosine for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected patients: a randomized trial. ( Bekker, LG; Bicanic, T; Brouwer, A; Harrison, T; Jaffar, S; Loyse, A; Meintjes, G; Rebe, K; Wood, R, 2008)
" The bioavailability of the oral formulation may be reduced in late-stage HIV-infected patients in Thailand."	2.73	Oral versus intravenous flucytosine in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated cryptococcal meningitis. ( Brouwer, AE; Chierakul, W; Day, N; Harrison, TS; Johnson, E; Rajanuwong, A; Teparrukkul, P; van Kan, HJ; Wuthiekanun, V, 2007)
" We conducted a prospective phase II dose escalation study employing doses of fluconazole ranging from 800 to 2000 mg daily for 10 weeks used alone or combined with flucytosine at 100 mg/kg per day for the first 4 weeks."	2.73	Fluconazole alone or combined with flucytosine for the treatment of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. ( Bozzette, SA; Haubrich, R; Larsen, RA; Leal, MA; Leedom, JM; McCutchan, JA; Milefchik, E; Tilles, JG, 2008)
" We conducted a prospective, open-label clinical trial involving persons with AIDS to determine whether the rate of clinical success would improve when fluconazole (400 mg daily) was combined with flucytosine (150 mg/kg daily)."	2.67	Fluconazole combined with flucytosine for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. ( Bauer, M; Bozzette, SA; Forthal, D; Haghighat, D; Jones, BE; Larsen, RA; Leal, MA; Leedom, JM; McCutchan, JA; Tilles, JG, 1994)
"The major challenge in cryptococcal meningitis management has been the optimisation of induction phase treatment using the limited number of available medications, and major progress has recently been made."	2.61	Recent advances in managing HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. ( Alanio, A; Boyer-Chammard, T; Harrison, TS; Jarvis, JN; Lortholary, O; Temfack, E, 2019)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a severe fungal infection that occurs primarily in the setting of advanced immunodeficiency and remains a major cause of HIV-related deaths worldwide."	2.58	Treatment for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. ( Eshun-Wilson, I; Ford, N; Jarvis, JN; Li, T; Rouse, B; Shapiro, AE; Tenforde, MW, 2018)
"Symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis are non-specific: headache, fever, nausea, or altered mental state and behaviour."	2.52	[Cryptococcal meningitis]. ( Aliredjo, RP; de Jong, PY; de Sévaux, RG; Nooijen, S; van Spil, WE; Verhave, JC, 2015)
" The objective of this study was to compare the survival benefit between 5-FC (flucytosine) and fluconazole as second-line drugs given in combination with AmB."	2.50	Comparison of flucytosine and fluconazole combined with amphotericin B for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ( Lin, DF; Lu, X; Shen, C; Yao, ZW, 2014)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is mainly caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii, but occasionally other Cryptococcus species and phylogenetically related species are involved."	2.48	Meningitis caused by Filobasidium uniguttulatum: case report and overview of the literature. ( Boekhout, T; Hagen, F; Liao, W; Meis, JF; Pan, W; Shi, W; Theelen, B, 2012)
" The optimal dosing of AmB remains unclear."	2.44	Treatment of acute cryptococcal meningitis in HIV infected adults, with an emphasis on resource-limited settings. ( Dedicoat, M; Dlamini, S; Paul, N; Sloan, D, 2008)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a common opportunistic infection in AIDS patients, particularly in Southeast Asia and Africa."	2.42	Cryptococcal meningitis. ( Bicanic, T; Harrison, TS, 2004)
"neoformans was noted for patients with cryptococcal meningitis whose computed tomographic scans appeared normal on presentation."	2.39	Cryptococcal disease of the CNS in immunocompetent hosts: influence of cryptococcal variety on clinical manifestations and outcome. ( Allworth, AM; Gottlieb, T; Heath, CH; McGregor, AR; Mitchell, DH; Papanaoum, K; Richards, MJ; Sorrell, TC, 1995)
"Cryptococcal meningitis was later found to be the underlying cause as proven by culturing Cryptococcus neoformans serotype A from the cerebrospinal fluid."	2.39	Cryptococcal meningitis and confusional psychosis. A case report and literature review. ( Araj, GF; Diab, SM; Nazzal, M; Sa'adah, MA, 1995)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a difficult disease to treat and requires biochemical and haematological monitoring to detect the common adverse effects of treatment."	2.39	The management of cryptococcal meningitis in Papua New Guinea. ( Seaton, RA, 1996)
"In the U."	2.38	Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. ( Mocsny, N, 1992)
"We report a pregnant woman with cryptococcal meningitis."	2.38	Cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy: a case report. ( Chotmongkol, V; Siricharoensang, S, 1991)
"Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS with amphotericin B plus flucytosine is associated with a failure rate of 20%-30%."	2.38	Therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. ( Powderly, WG, 1992)
"Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated with cryptococcal meningitis (CM) are easy to be misdiagnosed as neuropsychiatric lupus or tuberculous meningitis due to the lack of specificity of clinical symptoms, which may delay treatment."	1.91	Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with cryptococcal meningitis: A case report. ( Du, L; Liu, J; Ma, H; Wang, X; Wang, Y, 2023)
"Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis is mainly caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and accounts for 90% of fungal meningitis cases in Japan."	1.72	[Cryptococcal Meningitis with Inadequate Response to Antifungal Therapy or Drug-Induced Side Effects That Make It Difficult to Continue Treatment: Eleven Clinical Issues in Medical Practice]. ( Ishihara, M; Nakajima, H, 2022)
"Flucytosine-based treatment can be delivered in routine care in a middle-income country with a substantial survival benefit."	1.72	Outcomes of flucytosine-containing combination treatment for cryptococcal meningitis in a South African national access programme: a cross-sectional observational study. ( Black, J; Boretti, L; Garcia, A; Govender, NP; Greene, GS; Harrison, TS; Madua, M; Mashau, RC; Meintjes, G; Meiring, ST; Menezes, C; Nel, J; Quan, VC; Reddy, DL; Shroufi, A; Stacey, S; Trivino-Duran, L; Venter, M, 2022)
"In the present study, we compared the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) alone and in combination with flucytosine (5-FC) for the induction treatment of CM in patients without HIV."	1.72	Comparison of liposomal amphotericin B alone and in combination with flucytosine in the treatment of non-HIV Cryptococcal meningitis: A nationwide observational study. ( Ashizawa, N; Fushimi, K; Hidaka, Y; Hirayama, T; Hosogaya, N; Iwanaga, N; Izumikawa, K; Morimoto, S; Mukae, H; Takazono, T; Takeda, K; Tashiro, M; Yamamoto, K; Yanagihara, K, 2022)
"Our previous study explored Amphotericin B (AMB) plus 5-flucytosine (5-FC) combined with fluconazole (FLU) therapy in the induction period, which seemed to be better than the previous AMB + 5-FC antifungal therapy in non-HIV and non-transplant-associated CM."	1.72	Amphotericin B plus fluorocytosine combined with voriconazole for the treatment of non-HIV and non-transplant-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a retrospective study. ( Jiang, Y; Li, M; Liu, J; Peng, F; Su, X; Wang, A; Wang, Y; Xu, X; Yang, L, 2022)
" Laboratory adverse events (grade 3 or 4), such as severe anemia, were less frequent with VCZ + 5FC use than with AmB-D combined with 5FC or Flu use."	1.72	Comparison of amphotericin B deoxycholate in combination with either flucytosine or fluconazole, and voriconazole plus flucytosine for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a prospective multicenter study in China. ( Chen, Y; Harypursat, V; Lan, K; Lu, Y; Wu, Y; Xu, X; Yang, T; Yu, J; Zeng, Q; Zhang, W; Zhao, T; Zhou, G, 2022)
"Treatment of life-threatening cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is highly challenging due to the limited efficacy of the available antifungal drugs."	1.72	Discovery of Novel Sertraline Derivatives as Potent Anti- ( Ji, C; Li, J; Li, W; Liu, N; Sheng, C; Tu, J; Yang, W; Yun, Z, 2022)
"Treatment with fluconazole is only recommended for localised pulmonary disease."	1.62	Treatment and mortality outcomes in patients with other extrapulmonary cryptococcal disease compared with central nervous system disease. ( Larson, L; Mejia-Chew, C; Powderly, WG; Spec, A; Sung, A, 2021)
" Pharmacokinetic calculations displayed an elimination rate constant of 0."	1.56	Pharmacokinetics of flucytosine in a critically ill patient on continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. ( Adams, KK; Berard-Collins, C; Greene, RA; Lorenzo, MP; Rogers, RD, 2020)
"He had multiple prior episodes of cryptococcal meningitis with complications necessitating ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement and was on suppressive fluconazole when he developed worsening brain manifestations."	1.56	Case Report: A Case of Severe Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Presenting with Brain and Intradural Abscesses in an HIV Patient. ( Jeng, A; Kalinoski, T; Malenfant, J; Yim, C, 2020)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a fungal infection that is most commonly thought of as an opportunistic infection affecting immunocompromised patients, classically patients with Human Immunodeficiency (HIV) infection."	1.56	Cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent patient. ( Lacy, AJ; Murphy, LS; Shah, KS; Smith, AT, 2020)
"Triple antifungal agents combined with VPS could effectively reduce ICP, had faster rate of clearance of C."	1.56	Triple therapy combined with ventriculoperitoneal shunts can improve neurological function and shorten hospitalization time in non-HIV cryptococcal meningitis patients with increased intracranial pressure. ( Deng, X; Gan, Q; Jiang, Y; Li, M; Liu, J; Peng, F; Wang, Y; Xu, X, 2020)
"Mortality from cryptococcal meningitis remains very high in Africa."	1.56	Addition of Flucytosine to Fluconazole for the Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Africa: A Multicountry Cost-effectiveness Analysis. ( Chan, AK; Chanda, D; Chen, T; Harrison, TS; Heyderman, RS; Hosseinipour, MC; Jaffar, S; Jarvis, JN; Kanyama, C; Kivuyo, S; Kouanfack, C; Lakhi, S; Lortholary, O; Loyse, A; Mfinanga, S; Molloy, SF; Mwaba, P; Mwenge, L; Niessen, LW; Shiri, T; Temfack, E, 2020)
"The present study showed that mixed infections exist and could be of particular importance for care outcomes."	1.51	Cryptococcus genetic diversity and mixed infections in Ivorian HIV patients: A follow up study. ( Bellet, V; Bertout, S; Chabrol, A; Delaporte, E; Doumbia, A; Drakulovski, P; Kakou, A; Kassi, FK; Krasteva, D; Landman, R; Menan, HEI; Reynes, J; Roger, F, 2019)
"BACKGROUND Cryptococcal meningitis in patients who are seronegative for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in patients who are splenectomized is rare."	1.48	A Rare Presentation of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Cerebellitis in an Asplenic Patient, Seronegative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). ( Abbas, H; Abbas, N; CiFuentes Kottkamp, A; Cindrich, R; Singh, M, 2018)
"Stroke is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality amongst HIV infected persons."	1.48	Ischemic stroke as a complication of cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report. ( Benjamin, LA; Ellis, JP; Harrison, TS; Heyderman, RS; Joekes, EC; Kalata, N; Kampondeni, S; Lalloo, DG, 2018)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a critical illness affecting 0."	1.48	Favorable Evolution of Cryptococcal Meningitis in the Context of Flucytosine Resistance. ( Bedouch, P; Brion, JP; Camara, B; Claustre, J; Pison, C; Quétant, S, 2018)
"In the United States, cryptococcal meningitis causes approximately 3400 hospitalizations and approximately 330 deaths annually."	1.43	Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment Strategies Affected by the Explosive Cost of Flucytosine in the United States: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis. ( Boulware, DR; Merry, M, 2016)
" Long-term use of prednisone (≥15 mg day(-1)), poor control of anemia, and splenectomy are risk factors for AIHA complicated with cryptococcal infection."	1.40	Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. ( Chen, J; Du, L; Liao, W; Pan, W; Sang, J; Yang, Y; Zhu, Y, 2014)
"The fluconazole treatment was changed to liposomal amphotericin-B and flucytosine after the diagnosis of cryptococcal meningitis."	1.40	Pulmonary cryptococcosis with endobronchial lesions and meningitis. ( Ishiguro, T; Odashima, K; Shimizu, Y; Sugita, Y; Takayanagi, N, 2014)
" The optimal dosage of liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) alone or in combination with flucytosine is not known."	1.39	Pharmacodynamics of liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine for cryptococcal meningoencephalitis: safe and effective regimens for immunocompromised patients. ( Felton, TW; Goodwin, J; Gregson, L; Harrison, TS; Hope, WW; Howard, SJ; Livermore, J; Neely, MN; O'Connor, L; Perfect, JR; Schwartz, JA; Sharp, AD, 2013)
"Immunocompetent children with cryptococcal meningitis who attended Changzheng Hospital between 1998 and 2007 were retrospectively reviewed."	1.38	Cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompetent children. ( Hai, W; Jianghan, C; Julin, G; Nan, X; Wanqing, L; Xiaojun, W; Yuanjie, Z, 2012)
"Most cases of cryptococcal meningitis occur in patients with HIV infection: the course and outcome of disease in the apparently immunocompetent is much more poorly understood."	1.36	A prospective descriptive study of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV uninfected patients in Vietnam - high prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii in the absence of underlying disease. ( Baker, S; Campbell, JI; Chau, TT; Chuong, LV; Day, JN; Diep, PT; Duong, VA; Farrar, JJ; Hien, TT; Lalloo, DG; Mai, NH; Nghia, HD; Phu, NH; Sinh, DX, 2010)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common life-threatening fungal infection and is associated with high mortality in children."	1.36	The role of an Ommaya reservoir in the management of children with cryptococcal meningitis. ( Gao, F; Jiang, PF; Shen, SX; Shui, QX; Xia, ZZ; Yu, HM; Zhou, BL, 2010)
"Two patients with HIV/AIDS (CD4 counts of 8 and 81 cells/mm(3)) presented with altered mental status, visual changes, florid cryptococcal meningitis, and elevated ICP (>500 mm CSF) without evidence of hydrocephalus on computed tomography scan."	1.33	The use of ventriculoperitoneal shunts for uncontrollable intracranial hypertension without ventriculomegally secondary to HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. ( McGirt, MJ; Rigamonti, D; Williams, MA; Woodworth, GF, 2005)
"Treatment with amphotericin B and flucytosine was instituted in both the children who recovered and are doing well."	1.32	Cryptococcal meningitis in pediatric AIDS. ( Kakkar, M; Kaur, R; Monga, R; Rawat, D; Sharma, VK, 2003)
"Amphotericin B was tested at 0."	1.32	Amphotericin B and fluconazole, a potent combination therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. ( Bauer, M; Graybill, JR; Larsen, RA; Thomas, AM, 2004)
"Sixty days after the treatment, thrombocytopenia was observed with positive lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody."	1.31	[A case of SLE presenting the features of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome during a treatment for complicated cryptococcal meningitis]. ( Izumi, Y; Kameyama, M; Sakoda, H; Udaka, F, 2001)
" Ventricular drainage and amphotericin B intraventricularly via an implanted tube into dilated ventricle could improve the clinical condition of serious cryptococcal meningitis and decrease the dosage of systemic use of amphotericin B, therefore, reduce the side-effects of the drugs."	1.31	[A clinical study of 26 cases of cryptococcal meningitis]. ( Li, T; Liu, Z; Qin, S; Sheng, R; Wang, A, 2002)
"75 mg/kg), administered singly or in combination with flucytosine (100 mg/kg)."	1.31	Effects of fluconazole singly and in combination with 5-fluorocytosine or amphotericin B in the treatment of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in an intracranial murine model. ( Ghannoum, MA; Hossain, MA; Long, L; Mukherjee, PK; Reyes, G, 2002)
"Seventy-one patients with cryptococcal meningitis, 46 males and 25 females, aged 15-83 years, were included in this study."	1.30	The prognostic factors of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-negative patients. ( Chang, HW; Chang, WN; Chuang, YC; Lu, CH, 1999)
" Three major findings were demonstrated: (i) correlation between the MICs for the isolates and the in vivo effectiveness of fluconazole as assessed by the reduction in cryptococcal brain burden, (ii) a dose-response curve (a higher dose of fluconazole was significantly more efficacious than a lower dose [P < 0."	1.30	Combination therapy with fluconazole and flucytosine in the murine model of cryptococcal meningitis. ( Graybill, JR; Najvar, LK; Nguyen, MH; Yu, CY, 1997)
"Treatment with flucytosine with or without fluconazole dissolved in the sole source of drinking water was started on day 2; animals were sacrificed at 16 days, and the numbers of fungal colonies in the brain were quantified."	1.30	Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion combined with flucytosine with or without fluconazole for treatment of murine cryptococcal meningitis. ( Bauer, M; Daniel, BE; Diamond, DM; Ding, JC; Graybill, JR; Johnson, D; Larsen, RA; Leal, MA; Najvar, L; Thomas, AM; Williams, BK, 1998)
"neofomans from 120 Ugandan AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis by analyzing their electrophoretic karyotypes and antifungal susceptibility profiles."	1.30	Molecular epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from Ugandan AIDS patients. ( Ghannoum, M; Jessup, C; Mbidde, E; Messer, S; Pfaller, M; Tumberland, M; Zhang, J, 1998)
" The optimal dosage of fluconazole and the impact of combination with flucytosine are not known."	1.29	Treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis with fluconazole: impact of dose and addition of flucytosine on mycologic and pathophysiologic outcome. ( Elliott, BR; Kartalija, M; Kaye, K; Liu, Q; Sande, MA; Täuber, MG; Tureen, JH, 1996)
"We report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in a 31-year-old HIV-positive man which was successfully treated with amphotericin B lipid emulsion."	1.29	Successful treatment of resistant cryptococcal meningitis with amphotericin B lipid emulsion after nephrotoxicity with conventional intravenous amphotericin B. ( Appleyard, MN; Hartley, JP; Leake, HA, 1994)
"Cryptococcal meningitis is a common cause of chronic meningitis in Papua New Guinea, affecting apparently immunocompetent people."	1.29	Cryptococcal meningitis (C. neoformans var. gattii) leading to blindness in previously healthy Melanesian adults in Papua New Guinea. ( Fisher, D; Lalloo, D; Laurenson, I; Mavo, B; Naraqi, S; Saweri, A; Sinha, A; Temu, P, 1994)
"Eighteen consecutive AIDS patients with a first episode of cryptococcal meningitis were enrolled in the study to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of amphotericin B with or without flucytosine followed by fluconazole as primary therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS."	1.29	Amphotericin B with or without flucytosine followed by fluconazole as primary therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. ( Jaruratanasirikul, S, 1996)
"We conclude that cryptococcal meningitis is a rare complication in liver transplant recipients (0."	1.29	Cryptococcal meningitis after liver transplantation. ( Fung, J; Jabbour, N; Kusne, S; Martin, M; Reyes, J, 1996)
"Two cases of cryptococcal meningitis occurring in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are presented, and 24 additional cases from the literature are reviewed."	1.28	Cryptococcal meningitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. ( Lally, EV; Spiegel, M; Zimmermann, B, 1992)
"Treatment with fluconazole seems to be an effective alternative in treatment of CNM."	1.28	[Fluconazole treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with HIV infection. Presentation of 4 cases]. ( Bernacer, B; Carrasco, R; Navarro, V; Nieto, A; Rodríguez, M; Roig, P; Salavert, M, 1992)
"Patients with AIDS were younger and predominantly male; they had a shorter duration of prior illness, higher initial serum cryptococcal antigen titers, and lower initial cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell counts than those with neoplastic disease."	1.28	Cryptococcal meningitis: outcome in patients with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease. ( Armstrong, D; Blevins, A; Cirrincione, C; White, M, 1992)
"Fluconazole has shown effectiveness in maintenance therapy, being not be possible to evaluate it as an acute phase therapy because the low number of cases in which it was studied."	1.28	[Cryptococcosis in AIDS patients: a study of 19 cases]. ( Adrados de Llano, M; García Aguado, C; Gazapo Carretero, E; González Lahoz, JM; Martínez Blanco, ML; Verdejo Ortes, J, 1992)
" Because amphotericin B nephrotoxicity was suspected, further intravenous administration was stopped after a cumulative dosage of 2 g."	1.28	[Cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS: successful long-term prophylaxis with fluconazole]. ( Glück, T; Weber, P; Wiedmann, KH, 1991)
"By analyzing 26 cases of clinic data in cryptococcal meningitis."	1.28	[Factors affecting prognosis of cryptococcal meningitis]. ( Cheng, S, 1992)

Research

Studies (194)

Authors

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

46-week Survival

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	1 (0.52)	18.7374
1990's	53 (27.32)	18.2507
2000's	37 (19.07)	29.6817
2010's	68 (35.05)	24.3611
2020's	35 (18.04)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Brouwer, AE	4
van Kan, HJ	1
Johnson, E	1
Rajanuwong, A	2
Teparrukkul, P	1
Wuthiekanun, V	1
Chierakul, W	2
Day, N	1
Harrison, TS	26
Li, W	1
Yun, Z	1
Ji, C	1
Tu, J	1
Yang, W	1
Li, J	1
Liu, N	1
Sheng, C	1
Jarvis, JN	16
Lawrence, DS	6
Meya, DB	4
Kagimu, E	1
Kasibante, J	1
Mpoza, E	1
Rutakingirwa, MK	1
Ssebambulidde, K	1
Tugume, L	1
Rhein, J	1
Boulware, DR	9
Mwandumba, HC	4
Moyo, M	2
Mzinganjira, H	1
Kanyama, C	7
Hosseinipour, MC	10
Chawinga, C	3
Meintjes, G	10
Schutz, C	4
Comins, K	1
Singh, A	1
Muzoora, C	4
Jjunju, S	1
Nuwagira, E	1
Mosepele, M	3
Leeme, T	1
Siamisang, K	1
Ndhlovu, CE	2
Hlupeni, A	2
Mutata, C	1
van Widenfelt, E	1
Chen, T	5
Wang, D	3
Hope, W	3
Boyer-Chammard, T	4
Loyse, A	14
Molloy, SF	7
Youssouf, N	2
Lortholary, O	13
Lalloo, DG	9
Jaffar, S	10
Ishihara, M	1
Nakajima, H	1
Temfack, E	7
Mashau, RC	1
Meiring, ST	1
Quan, VC	1
Nel, J	2
Greene, GS	1
Garcia, A	1
Menezes, C	2
Reddy, DL	1
Venter, M	1
Stacey, S	1
Madua, M	1
Boretti, L	1
Shroufi, A	4
Trivino-Duran, L	1
Black, J	2
Govender, NP	4
Takazono, T	1
Hidaka, Y	1
Morimoto, S	1
Tashiro, M	1
Ashizawa, N	1
Hirayama, T	1
Takeda, K	1
Iwanaga, N	1
Hosogaya, N	1
Yamamoto, K	1
Fushimi, K	1
Yanagihara, K	1
Mukae, H	1
Izumikawa, K	1
Liu, J	6
Su, X	1
Yang, L	1
Wang, Y	4
Wang, A	2
Xu, X	3
Li, M	4
Jiang, Y	2
Peng, F	3
Falci, DR	2
Pasqualotto, AC	2
Zhao, T	1
Wu, Y	1
Zhang, W	1
Zeng, Q	1
Lu, Y	1
Yang, T	1
Zhou, G	1
Yu, J	1
Lan, K	1
Harypursat, V	1
Chen, Y	1
Zhao, HZ	2
Cheng, JH	2
Zhou, LH	2
Luo, Y	1
Zhu, RS	1
Jiang, YK	2
Wang, X	4
Zhu, LP	3
Ngan, NTT	1
Flower, B	1
Day, JN	5
Shapiro, AE	2
Tenforde, MW	2
Chiller, TM	1
Ford, N	5
Rajasingham, R	4
Ssali, A	1
Moshashane, N	1
Nabaggala, G	1
Maphane, L	1
Seeley, J	1
Lalloo, UG	1
Komarow, L	1
Aberg, JA	1
Clifford, DB	1
Hogg, E	1
McKhann, A	1
Bukuru, A	1
Lagat, D	1
Pillay, S	1
Mave, V	1
Supparatpinyo, K	1
Samaneka, W	1
Langat, D	1
Ticona, E	1
Badal-Faesen, S	1
Larsen, RA	12
Stott, KE	2
Ahmadu, A	1
Kajanga, C	1
Gondwe, E	1
Chimang'anga, W	1
Chasweka, M	1
Unsworth, J	1
Jimenez-Valverde, A	1
Jagota, B	1
Shah, RV	1
Harrison, T	3
Ma, H	1
Du, L	2
Munzen, ME	1
Reguera Gomez, M	1
Hamed, MF	1
Enriquez, V	1
Charles-Niño, CL	1
Dores, MR	1
Alviña, K	1
Martinez, LR	1
Lawrence, D	1
Delliere, S	1
Lanternier, F	1
Alanio, A	3
Kassi, FK	1
Drakulovski, P	1
Bellet, V	1
Roger, F	1
Chabrol, A	1
Krasteva, D	1
Doumbia, A	1
Landman, R	1
Kakou, A	1
Reynes, J	1
Delaporte, E	1
Menan, HEI	1
Bertout, S	1
Moosa, MS	1
Dawood, H	2
Wilson, D	3
Duran, LT	1
Ajose, O	1
Murphy, RA	2
Ruffell, C	1
Van Cutsem, G	2
Greene, RA	1
Adams, KK	1
Rogers, RD	1
Berard-Collins, C	1
Lorenzo, MP	1
Kalinoski, T	1
Malenfant, J	1
Yim, C	1
Jeng, A	1
Murphy, LS	1
Lacy, AJ	1
Smith, AT	1
Shah, KS	1
Cunha Pereira, T	2
Rb-Silva, R	2
Félix Soares, R	2
Domingues, N	2
Mariz, J	2
O'Connor, L	2
Van Anh, D	1
Chau, TTH	2
Chau, NVV	2
Huong, LNP	1
Wolbers, M	2
Mejia-Chew, C	1
Sung, A	1
Larson, L	1
Powderly, WG	5
Spec, A	1
Deng, X	1
Gan, Q	1
Vidal, JE	1
de Albuquerque Moraes, C	1
de Siqueira, REB	1
Miranda, NFB	1
Marcusso, R	1
de Oliveira, ACP	1
Chiller, T	2
Jordan, A	1
Denning, DW	1
Baptiste, S	1
Ribeiro, I	2
Miot, J	1
Leong, T	1
Takuva, S	1
Parrish, A	1
Li, K	1
Khan, A	1
Mishra, S	1
Zhabokritsky, A	1
Chen, CH	1
Li, H	1
Chen, HM	1
Chen, YM	1
Chang, YJ	1
Lin, PY	1
Hsu, CW	1
Tseng, PT	1
Lin, KH	1
Tu, YK	1
Katsura, M	1
Okuhama, A	1
Koizumi, Y	1
Ando, N	1
Yanagawa, Y	1
Mizushima, D	1
Aoki, T	1
Tsukada, K	1
Teruya, K	1
Kikuchi, Y	1
Oka, S	1
Watanabe, K	2
Ling, L	1
Guo, L	1
Wang, J	1
Zhang, L	1
Zhu, J	1
Huang, Z	1
Chastain, DB	1
Guarner, J	1
Franco-Paredes, C	1
Hatlen, TJ	1
Persichino, JG	1
Wirth, F	1
de Azevedo, MI	1
Pilla, C	1
Aquino, VR	2
Neto, GW	1
Goldani, LZ	2
Abbas, H	1
CiFuentes Kottkamp, A	1
Abbas, N	1
Cindrich, R	1
Singh, M	1
Heyderman, RS	5
Kouanfack, C	4
Chanda, D	4
Mfinanga, S	4
Lakhi, S	4
Lesikari, S	2
Chan, AK	4
Stone, N	1
Kalata, N	3
Karunaharan, N	1
Gaskell, K	1
Peirse, M	1
Ellis, J	1
Lontsi, S	1
Ndong, JG	1
Bright, P	2
Lupiya, D	2
Bradley, J	1
Adams, J	2
van der Horst, C	5
van Oosterhout, JJ	2
Sini, V	2
Mapoure, YN	1
Mwaba, P	4
Bicanic, T	9
Xu, L	1
Zhang, Q	1
Liao, J	1
Kuang, W	1
Zhu, C	1
Yi, H	1
Johnson, WJ	1
Blice, JP	1
Lee, KK	1
Rouse, B	1
Li, T	2
Eshun-Wilson, I	2
White, A	1
Liu, X	1
Das, SU	1
Haraga, J	1
LeBlanc, M	1
Chiovaro, J	1
Ellis, JP	1
Joekes, EC	1
Kampondeni, S	1
Benjamin, LA	1
Burry, J	1
Cohn, J	1
Koulla-Shiro, S	1
Mghamba, J	1
Ramadhani, A	1
Nyirenda, R	1
Aliyu, SH	1
Le, T	1
Oladele, R	1
Mapoure, Y	1
Shimwela, M	1
Ngoma, J	1
Gondwe-Chunda, L	1
Perfect, C	1
Andrieux-Meyer, I	1
Chan, A	1
Hosseinipour, M	1
Klausner, JD	1
Heyderman, R	1
Lalloo, D	2
Day, J	2
Rodrigues, M	1
Denning, D	1
Migone, C	2
Doherty, M	1
Dromer, F	4
Stack, M	1
van Oosterhout, J	1
Govender, N	1
Alufandika, M	1
Niessen, L	1
Garner, P	1
Wang, RY	1
Huang, LP	1
Shiri, T	1
Mwenge, L	2
Kivuyo, S	2
Niessen, LW	2
Gheorghe, A	1
Griffiths, UK	1
Spicer, SK	1
Subramani, A	1
Aguila, AL	1
Green, RM	1
McClelland, EE	1
Bicker, KL	1
Sood, V	1
Pattanashetti, N	1
Ramachandran, R	1
Gupta, KL	1
Peng, TJ	1
Kimbrough, T	1
Tolchin, BD	1
Fahad, F	1
Roddy, K	1
El-Hajjar, M	1
Schulman-Marcus, J	1
Li, Z	1
Liu, Y	1
Chong, Y	1
Li, X	1
Jie, Y	1
Zheng, X	1
Yan, Y	1
Trpković, A	1
Pekmezović, M	1
Barać, A	1
Crnčević Radović, L	1
Arsić Arsenijević, V	1
Mai, PP	1
Dung, NT	1
Mai, NH	2
Phu, NH	2
Nghia, HD	2
Phong, ND	1
Thai, CQ	1
Thai, LH	1
Chuong, LV	2
Sinh, DX	2
Duong, VA	2
Hoang, TN	1
Diep, PT	2
Campbell, JI	2
Sieu, TPM	1
Baker, SG	1
Hien, TT	2
Farrar, JJ	2
Perfect, JR	2
Livermore, J	1
Sharp, AD	1
Goodwin, J	1
Gregson, L	1
Howard, SJ	1
Felton, TW	1
Schwartz, JA	1
Neely, MN	1
Hope, WW	1
Chau, TT	2
Zhong, YH	1
Tan, F	1
Yuan, Y	1
Zhong, XF	1
Peng, FH	1
Yao, ZW	1
Lu, X	1
Shen, C	1
Lin, DF	1
Chaaban, S	1
Wheat, LJ	1
Assi, M	1
Sohail, MA	1
Adnan Sohail, M	1
Ikram, U	1
Debenedectis, CM	1
McCulloh, RJ	1
Healey, TT	1
Yang, Y	1
Sang, J	1
Pan, W	2
Liao, W	3
Chen, J	1
Zhu, Y	1
Newsome, J	1
Nguyen, D	1
Espino Barros Palau, A	1
Morgan, ML	1
Foroozan, R	1
Lee, AG	1
Odashima, K	1
Takayanagi, N	1
Ishiguro, T	1
Shimizu, Y	1
Sugita, Y	1
Sangarlangkarn, A	1
Rughwani, N	1
van Spil, WE	1
Nooijen, S	1
de Jong, PY	1
Aliredjo, RP	1
de Sévaux, RG	1
Verhave, JC	1
Adeyemi, BO	1
Ross, A	1
Banoo, S	1
Bottomley, C	1
Taseera, K	1
Jackson, A	2
Phulusa, J	3
Limmathurotsakul, D	1
White, NJ	2
Wood, R	4
Hadid, H	1
Nona, P	1
Usman, M	1
Paje, D	1
Córdoba, S	1
Isla, MG	1
Szusz, W	1
Vivot, W	1
Altamirano, R	1
Davel, G	1
Merry, M	1
Claustre, J	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Multi-center, Prospective, Randomized Trial of Amphotericin B in the Initial Antifungal Therapy for Non-HIV Cryptococcal Meningitis Patients[NCT06178627]	Phase 4	250 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-13	Enrolling by invitation
A Randomized Trial of Tamoxifen Combined With Amphotericin B and Fluconazole for Cryptococcal Meningitis[NCT03112031]	Phase 2	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-10	Completed
Markers of Pulmonary Dysbiosis Associated With Exacerbation in Patients Followed for Cystic Fibrosis[NCT03569904]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2018-10-02	Recruiting
Trial for the Optimal Timing of HIV Therapy After Cryptococcal Meningitis[NCT01075152]	Phase 4	177 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-11-30	Completed
A Pilot Study of Fluconazole Plus Flucytosine for the Treatment of AIDS Patients With Acute Cryptococcal Meningitis.[NCT00002113]		64 participants	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized Double Blind Protocol Comparing Amphotericin B With Flucytosine to Amphotericin B Alone Followed by a Comparison of Fluconazole and Itraconazole in the Treatment of Acute Cryptococcal Meningitis[NCT00000639]		400 participants	Interventional		Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

46-week survival by time-to-event analysis of all subjects enrolled (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 46 weeks

Antiretroviral Therapy Tolerability

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	41
Deferred HIV Therapy	29

Incidence of antiretroviral therapy interruption by >=3 consecutive days (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 26 weeks

HIV-1 Viral Suppression

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	5
Deferred HIV Therapy	1

HIV-1 virologic suppression to <400 copies/mL at 26-weeks after enrollment (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 26 weeks

Incidence of Cryptococcal-relapse

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	43
Deferred HIV Therapy	49

Incidence of culture positive cryptococcal meningitis relapse (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 46 weeks

Incidence of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	2
Deferred HIV Therapy	8

Incidence of cryptococcal-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome through 46 weeks after enrollment. (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 46 weeks

Mortality

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	17
Deferred HIV Therapy	9

Intention to treat analysis of 26 week survival of all subjects enrolled. Reported below are the numbers of participants who died by Week 26. (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 26 weeks from study entry

Safety of ART Initiation

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	40
Deferred HIV Therapy	27

Incidence of Adverse Events (Grade 3,4,5) through 46-weeks, as defined by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of AIDS toxicity classification scale, version 2009. (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 46 weeks

Karnofsky Functional Status

Intervention	participants (Number)
Earlier HIV Therapy	73
Deferred HIV Therapy	75

"Functional status via Karnofsky performance status score at 4, 26, 46 weeks.~Karnofsky Scale:~100 - Normal; no complaints; no evidence of disease. 90 - Able to carry on normal activity; minor signs or symptoms of disease. 80 - Normal activity with effort; some signs or symptoms of disease. 70 - Cares for self; unable to carry on normal activity or to do active work. 60 - Requires occasional assistance, but is able to care for most of his personal needs.~50 - Requires considerable assistance and frequent medical care. 40 - Disabled; requires special care and assistance. 30 - Severely disabled; hospital admission is indicated although death not imminent.~20 - Very sick; hospital admission necessary; active supportive treatment necessary.~10 - Moribund; fatal processes progressing rapidly. 0 - Dead" (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 46 weeks

Microbiologic Clearance

Intervention	Scores on a scale (Mean)
	4 weeks	26 weeks	46 weeks
Deferred HIV Therapy	70	93	95
Earlier HIV Therapy	70	93	92

Microbiologic clearance of cryptococcus as measured by serial quantitative cryptococcal cultures collected at diagnosis through 14 days of amphotericin therapy. The early fungicidal activity (EFA) of the rate of clearance is expressed as log10 colony forming units (CFU) of Cryptococcus neoformans per mL of CSF per day. (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Percentage of Participants, Per CSF WBC Subgroup, Who Died by Week 26

Intervention	log10 CFU/mL/day (Mean)
	EFA by mixed effects model	EFA by linear regression
Deferred HIV Therapy	-0.31	-0.35
Earlier HIV Therapy	-0.31	-0.39

Percentage of Participants who died by week 26 based on CSF white blood cell (WBC) count at study entry (time of randomization at a median of 8 days of anti-fungal therapy). (NCT01075152)
Timeframe: 26 weeks

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
	CSF WBC <5 /mcl (n=33, 31)	CSF WBC >5/mcL (n=42, 40)
Deferred HIV Therapy	16.1	45
Earlier HIV Therapy	48.5	40.5

Article	Year
Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis: How Have We Got Here and Where are We Going? Drugs, 2022, Volume: 82, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Glucocorticoids; HIV Infections;	2022
An updated systematic review of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis treatment strategies. HIV medicine, 2023, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; HIV Infectio	2023
New Insights Into Cryptococcus Spp. Biology and Cryptococcal Meningitis. Current neurology and neuroscience reports, 2019, 10-31, Volume: 19, Issue:10 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; Cryptococcus; Drug Therapy	2019
Efficacy of induction regimens for cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Scientific reports, 2021, 04-21, Volume: 11, Issue:1 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Com	2021
Treatment for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2018, 07-25, Volume: 7 Topics: Acetazolamide; Acute Disease; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Developing Countries; Drug A	2018
Leave no one behind: response to new evidence and guidelines for the management of cryptococcal meningitis in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2019, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Africa; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Coinfection; Cryptococcus neoformans; Developing Countrie	2019
Recent advances in managing HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. F1000Research, 2019, Volume: 8 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; HIV Infections; Humans; Meningitis, Cry	2019
Flucytosine and cryptococcosis: time to urgently address the worldwide accessibility of a 50-year-old antifungal. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2013, Volume: 68, Issue:11 Topics: Africa; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Asia; Fluconazole;	2013
Comparison of flucytosine and fluconazole combined with amphotericin B for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, 2014, Volume: 33, Issue:8 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Coinfection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine;	2014
[Cryptococcal meningitis]. Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde, 2015, Volume: 159 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Female; Fluconazole; Flucyt	2015
Treatment of acute cryptococcal meningitis in HIV infected adults, with an emphasis on resource-limited settings. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2008, Oct-08, Issue:4 Topics: Acetazolamide; Acute Disease; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antihypertensive Agents; Dev	2008
Meningitis caused by Filobasidium uniguttulatum: case report and overview of the literature. Mycoses, 2012, Volume: 55, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Basidiomycota; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Female; Fluc	2012
Cryptococcal meningitis. British medical bulletin, 2004, Volume: 72 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination;	2004
Not your "typical patient": cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent patient. The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, 2005, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Biopsy, Needle; Consciousness Disorders; Fatigue; Flucytosine; He	2005
Lumbar drainage for control of raised cerebrospinal fluid pressure in cryptococcal meningitis: case report and review. The Journal of infection, 2005, Volume: 51, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid	2005
Cryptococcal disease of the CNS in immunocompetent hosts: influence of cryptococcal variety on clinical manifestations and outcome. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1995, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antigens, Fungal; Cryptococcus n	1995
Cryptococcal meningitis and confusional psychosis. A case report and literature review. Tropical and geographical medicine, 1995, Volume: 47, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Confusion; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Cryptococcal; Neurocognitiv	1995
[Treatment of cryptococcosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. Revista clinica espanola, 1995, Volume: 195 Suppl 3 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Clinical T	1995
The management of cryptococcal meningitis in Papua New Guinea. Papua and New Guinea medical journal, 1996, Volume: 39, Issue:1 Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Cause of Death; Drug Combinations; Drug	1996
[The efficacy of sequential treatment with amphotericin B-fluorocytosine and fluconazole in cryptococcal meningitis not associated with AIDS]. Revista clinica espanola, 1999, Volume: 199, Issue:7 Topics: Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combin	1999
Current approach to the acute management of cryptococcal infections. The Journal of infection, 2000, Volume: 41, Issue:1 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cryp	2000
[Cryptococcosis]. La Revue du praticien, 2001, Apr-15, Volume: 51, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Cryptococcos	2001
Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, 1992, Volume: 24, Issue:5 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucy	1992
Therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1992, Volume: 14 Suppl 1 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Amphotericin B; Animals; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Menin	1992
Cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy: a case report. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 1991, Volume: 74, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Flucytosine; H	1991

Article	Year
Oral versus intravenous flucytosine in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2007, Volume: 51, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Antifungal Agents; Area Under Curve; Female; Flucytosine; Hemoglobins;	2007
Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin B Treatment for Cryptococcal Meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2022, 03-24, Volume: 386, Issue:12 Topics: Administration, Oral; Africa South of the Sahara; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphoterici	2022
How Applicable Is the Single-Dose AMBITION Regimen for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis to High-Income Settings? Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2023, 03-04, Volume: 76, Issue:5 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans;	2023
Higher Dose Oral Fluconazole for the Treatment of AIDS-related Cryptococcal Meningitis (HIFLAC)-report of A5225, a multicentre, phase I/II, two-stage, dose-finding, safety, tolerability and efficacy randomised, amphotericin B-controlled trial of the AIDS PloS one, 2023, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combinat	2023
Antifungal Susceptibility Does Not Correlate With Fungal Clearance or Survival in AIDS-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021, 10-05, Volume: 73, Issue:7 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Antifungal Agents; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis,	2021
Antifungal Combinations for Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Africa. The New England journal of medicine, 2018, 03-15, Volume: 378, Issue:11 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Africa; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifung	2018
AMBIsome Therapy Induction OptimisatioN (AMBITION): High Dose AmBisome for Cryptococcal Meningitis Induction Therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: Study Protocol for a Phase 3 Randomised Controlled Non-Inferiority Trial. Trials, 2018, Nov-23, Volume: 19, Issue:1 Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic;	2018
Healthcare Costs and Life-years Gained From Treatments Within the Advancing Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment for Africa (ACTA) Trial on Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Comparison of Antifungal Induction Strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019, 08-01, Volume: 69, Issue:4 Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; Antifungal Agents; Flucytosine; Health Care Costs; Humans; Meningitis, C	2019
One-year Mortality Outcomes From the Advancing Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment for Africa Trial of Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment in Malawi. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020, 01-16, Volume: 70, Issue:3 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Malawi; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2020
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, Apr-04, Volume: 368, Issue:14 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; In	2013
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, Apr-04, Volume: 368, Issue:14 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; In	2013
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, Apr-04, Volume: 368, Issue:14 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; In	2013
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, Apr-04, Volume: 368, Issue:14 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; In	2013
Toxicity of Amphotericin B Deoxycholate-Based Induction Therapy in Patients with HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2015, Volume: 59, Issue:12 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Anemia; Antifungal Agents; Blood Cell Count; Coinfection; Creatinine; Cryptoc	2015
Amphotericin B: the higher the dose, the higher the toxicity. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2008, Oct-15, Volume: 47, Issue:8 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; HIV I	2008
Combination flucytosine and high-dose fluconazole compared with fluconazole monotherapy for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis: a randomized trial in Malawi. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2010, Feb-01, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Cerebro	2010
[Evaluation of low-dose amphotericin B and flucytosine in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, 2010, Feb-09, Volume: 90, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combinat	2010
Adjunctive interferon-γ immunotherapy for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomized controlled trial. AIDS (London, England), 2012, Jun-01, Volume: 26, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antiviral Agents; C	2012
A phase II randomized controlled trial adding oral flucytosine to high-dose fluconazole, with short-course amphotericin B, for cryptococcal meningitis. AIDS (London, England), 2012, Jul-17, Volume: 26, Issue:11 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic In	2012
Combination antifungal therapies for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a randomised trial. Lancet (London, England), 2004, May-29, Volume: 363, Issue:9423 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; C	2004
Fluconazole alone or combined with flucytosine for the treatment of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Medical mycology, 2008, Volume: 46, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Cohort Studie	2008
High-dose amphotericin B with flucytosine for the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected patients: a randomized trial. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2008, Jul-01, Volume: 47, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Anemia; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospin	2008
Fluconazole combined with flucytosine for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1994, Volume: 19, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug The	1994
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with combination itraconazole and flucytosine. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 1994, Volume: 77, Issue:5 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Follow-Up Studies	1994
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with triple combination of amphotericin B, flucytosine and itraconazole. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 1995, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Huma	1995
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Clinical Trials Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Jul-03, Volume: 337, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Double-Blind	1997
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Clinical Trials Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Jul-03, Volume: 337, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Double-Blind	1997
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Clinical Trials Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Jul-03, Volume: 337, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Double-Blind	1997
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Clinical Trials Group. The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Jul-03, Volume: 337, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Double-Blind	1997
Comparison of amphotericin B, flucytosine and itraconazole with amphotericin B and flucytosine in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 1997, Volume: 80, Issue:7 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Chi-Squ	1997
Efficacy of a short-term amphotericin B + flucytosine combination therapy followed by itraconazole monotherapy in acute and chronic AIDS-associated cryptococcosis. Mycoses, 1997, Volume: 40, Issue:5-6 Topics: Acute Disease; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, F	1997
Combination therapy with fluconazole and flucytosine for cryptococcal meningitis in Ugandan patients with AIDS. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1998, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	1998
Diagnosis and management of increased intracranial pressure in patients with AIDS and cryptococcal meningitis. The NIAID Mycoses Study Group and AIDS Cooperative Treatment Groups. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2000, Volume: 30, Issue:1 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Flucy	2000
Antifungal therapy for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. Chinese medical journal, 2000, Volume: 113, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Child, Preschool; Cryptococcus neoforma	2000
5-fluorocytosine-related bone-marrow depression and conversion to fluorouracil: a pilot study. Fundamental & clinical pharmacology, 2002, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; beta-Alanine; Biotransformation; Bone Marrow; Candidiasis; Female; Flucytosine; Fluorou	2002
Itraconazole compared with amphotericin B plus flucytosine in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis. AIDS (London, England), 1992, Volume: 6, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combinat	1992

Article	Year
Discovery of Novel Sertraline Derivatives as Potent Anti- Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2022, 05-12, Volume: 65, Issue:9 Topics: Antidepressive Agents; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus; Cryptococcus neoformans; Humans; Meningitis,	2022
[Cryptococcal Meningitis with Inadequate Response to Antifungal Therapy or Drug-Induced Side Effects That Make It Difficult to Continue Treatment: Eleven Clinical Issues in Medical Practice]. Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo, 2022, Volume: 74, Issue:5 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Cryptococcal; Meningoen	2022
Access to flucytosine for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis in Africa. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2022, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Africa; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucona	2022
Outcomes of flucytosine-containing combination treatment for cryptococcal meningitis in a South African national access programme: a cross-sectional observational study. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2022, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cryptococcosis; Female; Fluconazole; Flucytosine;	2022
Comparison of liposomal amphotericin B alone and in combination with flucytosine in the treatment of non-HIV Cryptococcal meningitis: A nationwide observational study. Mycoses, 2022, Volume: 65, Issue:9 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Crypt	2022
Amphotericin B plus fluorocytosine combined with voriconazole for the treatment of non-HIV and non-transplant-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a retrospective study. BMC neurology, 2022, Jul-22, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Hypo	2022
Single-Dose Amphotericin B for Cryptococcal Meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2022, 07-28, Volume: 387, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2022
Single-Dose Amphotericin B for Cryptococcal Meningitis. Reply. The New England journal of medicine, 2022, 07-28, Volume: 387, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2022
Comparison of amphotericin B deoxycholate in combination with either flucytosine or fluconazole, and voriconazole plus flucytosine for the treatment of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: a prospective multicenter study in China. BMC infectious diseases, 2022, Aug-08, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cohort Studies; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy	2022
Induction therapy with high-dose fluconazole plus flucytosine for human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected cryptococcal meningitis patients: Feasible or not? Mycoses, 2023, Volume: 66, Issue:1 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans;	2023
The acceptability of the AMBITION-cm treatment regimen for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: Findings from a qualitative methods study of participants and researchers in Botswana and Uganda. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2022, Volume: 16, Issue:10 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Botswana; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; HIV Infections; Hu	2022
Population pharmacokinetics and CSF penetration of flucytosine in adults with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2023, 04-03, Volume: 78, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Bayes Theorem; Cryptococcus neoformans; Flucytosine; HIV Infections; Human	2023
Systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with cryptococcal meningitis: A case report. Medicine, 2023, Apr-14, Volume: 102, Issue:15 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Lupu	2023
Palmitoylethanolamide shows limited efficacy in controlling cerebral cryptococcosis Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2023, 10-18, Volume: 67, Issue:10 Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus neoformans; Flucytosine; Hu	2023
Cryptococcus genetic diversity and mixed infections in Ivorian HIV patients: A follow up study. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2019, Volume: 13, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Coinfection; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus; Cryptococcus ne	2019
Time to embrace access programmes for medicines: lessons from the South African flucytosine access programme. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2020, Volume: 95 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Flucytosine; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Meningitis, Cryptococcal; Sou	2020
Pharmacokinetics of flucytosine in a critically ill patient on continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 2020, Apr-01, Volume: 77, Issue:8 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy; Critical Illness; Drug Monitoring; Female;	2020
Case Report: A Case of Severe Cryptococcal Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome Presenting with Brain and Intradural Abscesses in an HIV Patient. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2020, Volume: 103, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Amphotericin B; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents	2020
Cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent patient. The American journal of emergency medicine, 2020, Volume: 38, Issue:11 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Culture Techniques; Delayed Diagnosis; Fluconazole; Flucyt	2020
Case Report: Cryptococcal meningitis in Hodgkin's Lymphoma patient receiving brentuximab-vedotin therapy. F1000Research, 2020, Volume: 9 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brentuximab Vedotin; Cryptococcus neoformans; Dexamethasone; Fluc	2020
Case Report: Cryptococcal meningitis in Hodgkin's Lymphoma patient receiving brentuximab-vedotin therapy. F1000Research, 2020, Volume: 9 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brentuximab Vedotin; Cryptococcus neoformans; Dexamethasone; Fluc	2020
Case Report: Cryptococcal meningitis in Hodgkin's Lymphoma patient receiving brentuximab-vedotin therapy. F1000Research, 2020, Volume: 9 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brentuximab Vedotin; Cryptococcus neoformans; Dexamethasone; Fluc	2020
Case Report: Cryptococcal meningitis in Hodgkin's Lymphoma patient receiving brentuximab-vedotin therapy. F1000Research, 2020, Volume: 9 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brentuximab Vedotin; Cryptococcus neoformans; Dexamethasone; Fluc	2020
Treatment and mortality outcomes in patients with other extrapulmonary cryptococcal disease compared with central nervous system disease. Mycoses, 2021, Volume: 64, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Central Nervous System Diseases; Cryptococcosis; Cry	2021
Triple therapy combined with ventriculoperitoneal shunts can improve neurological function and shorten hospitalization time in non-HIV cryptococcal meningitis patients with increased intracranial pressure. BMC infectious diseases, 2020, Nov-16, Volume: 20, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female	2020
HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis Patients Treated with Amphotericin B Deoxycholate Plus Flucytosine under Routine Care Conditions in a Referral Center in São Paulo, Brazil. Mycopathologia, 2021, Volume: 186, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brazil; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy,	2021
Ending deaths from HIV-related cryptococcal meningitis by 2030. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2021, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Ag	2021
Cost-effectiveness analysis of flucytosine as induction therapy in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected adults in South Africa. BMC health services research, 2021, Apr-06, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Antifungal Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucytosine; HIV Infecti	2021
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2021, 04-19, Volume: 193, Issue:16 Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain; Cryptococcus neoformans; Female; Flucytosine; Humans;	2021
Progressive Cytopenia Developing during Treatment of Cryptococcosis in a Patient with HIV Infection and Bone Marrow Cryptococcal Infection. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2022, Jan-15, Volume: 61, Issue:2 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Bone Marrow; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus neoformans; Flucytosine; HIV Infections	2022
Nursing Management of Lumbar Drainage in Cryptococcal Meningitis: A Case Report. The Journal of neuroscience nursing : journal of the American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, 2017, Volume: 49, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure; Drainage; Female; Flucytosine; Hear	2017
Cryptococcal antigen negative meningoencephalitis in HIV/AIDS. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, 2017, Volume: 89, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Cryp	2017
Necrotic ulcer on the thigh. Cutis, 2017, Volume: 100, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diagnosis, Differential; Fluconaz	2017
Relationship between intracranial pressure and antifungal agents levels in the CSF of patients with cryptococcal meningitis. Medical mycology, 2018, Apr-01, Volume: 56, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brazil; Child	2018
A Rare Presentation of Cryptococcal Meningitis and Cerebellitis in an Asplenic Patient, Seronegative for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The American journal of case reports, 2018, Feb-19, Volume: 19 Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebellar Diseases; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diagnosis, Di	2018
Triple therapy versus amphotericin B plus flucytosine for the treatment of non-HIV- and non-transplant-associated cryptococcal meningitis: retrospective cohort study. Neurological research, 2018, Volume: 40, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fluconazole; Flucytosin	2018
Bilateral Asymptomatic Cryptococcal Retinitis without Choroiditis or Vitritis. Ophthalmology, 2018, Volume: 125, Issue:4 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Choroiditis; Cryptococcosis; Cryptoc	2018
Case 4: Weakness and Headaches in a 14-year-old Boy. Pediatrics in review, 2018, Volume: 39, Issue:8 Topics: Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diagnosis, Differential; Flu	2018
Not All It's CrAged Up to Be: Disseminated Cryptococcosis. The American journal of medicine, 2018, Volume: 131, Issue:12 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Bias; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Cr	2018
Ischemic stroke as a complication of cryptococcal meningitis and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report. BMC infectious diseases, 2018, Oct-16, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Brain Ischemia; Cryptococcus neofor	2018
Updating guidance for preventing and treating cryptococcal disease: how evidence and decisions interface. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2018, 11-30, Volume: 11 Topics: Adolescent; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Amphotericin B; Anti-HIV Agents; Antifungal Agents; Anti	2018
High dose fluconazole in salvage therapy for HIV-uninfected cryptococcal meningitis. BMC infectious diseases, 2018, Dec-12, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; China; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug;	2018
New US Food and Drug Administration Approvals Decrease Generic Flucytosine Costs. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019, 08-01, Volume: 69, Issue:4 Topics: Drug Approval; Drugs, Generic; Flucytosine; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Meningitis, Crypt	2019
Addition of Flucytosine to Fluconazole for the Treatment of Cryptococcal Meningitis in Africa: A Multicountry Cost-effectiveness Analysis. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2020, 01-01, Volume: 70, Issue:1 Topics: Africa; Antifungal Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Cryp	2020
Toward a clinical antifungal peptoid: Investigations into the therapeutic potential of AEC5. Biopolymers, 2019, Volume: 110, Issue:6 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Cell Line; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug Synergism; Flucytosine; Gram-Negative Ba	2019
Deceptively asymptomatic cryptococcaemia in a renal transplant recipient: the lull before a storm. BMJ case reports, 2019, Apr-20, Volume: 12, Issue:4 Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Asymptomatic Diseases; Cerebral Infarction; Cryptococcus ne	2019
Clinical Reasoning: A 71-year-old man receiving treatment for cryptococcal meningitis, developing new-onset lethargy. Neurology, 2019, 04-23, Volume: 92, Issue:17 Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Brain Infarction; Flucytosine; Humans; Lethargy; Male; Meni	2019
Cryptococcal meningitis initially presenting with ST elevations and elevated cardiac biomarkers. BMJ case reports, 2019, May-08, Volume: 12, Issue:5 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Biomarkers; Cryptococcus neoformans; Delayed Diagnosis; Drug Ther	2019
Fluconazole plus flucytosine is a good alternative therapy for non-HIV and non-transplant-associated cryptococcal meningitis: A retrospective cohort study. Mycoses, 2019, Volume: 62, Issue:8 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus; Deoxycholic Acid; Drug Combinations; Drug Th	2019
In vitro antifungal activities of amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole and itraconazole against Cryptococcus neoformans isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and blood from patients in Serbia. Journal de mycologie medicale, 2012, Volume: 22, Issue:3 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cross	2012
Efficiently killing a sugar-coated yeast. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, Apr-04, Volume: 368, Issue:14 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2013
Treating cryptococcal meningitis in people with HIV. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2013, Apr-10, Volume: 346 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination;	2013
Pharmacodynamics of liposomal amphotericin B and flucytosine for cryptococcal meningoencephalitis: safe and effective regimens for immunocompromised patients. The Journal of infectious diseases, 2013, Jul-15, Volume: 208, Issue:2 Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Brain; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug Therapy, Combinatio	2013
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, Jun-27, Volume: 368, Issue:26 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2013
Combination antifungal therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 2013, 06-27, Volume: 368, Issue:26 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2013
Comparisons of presentations and outcomes of cryptococcal meningitis between patients with and without hepatitis B virus infection. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2014, Volume: 20 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Anti-Infective Agents; Child; Cryptococcus; Female; Flucona	2014
Cryptococcal meningitis post autologous stem cell transplantation. Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society, 2014, Volume: 16, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents	2014
Flucytosine-induced colitis. BMJ case reports, 2014, Apr-28, Volume: 2014 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Colitis; Diagnosis, Differential; Diarrhea; Flucytosine; HIV Infections; Humans;	2014
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis. Rhode Island medical journal (2013), 2013, Volume: 96, Issue:5 Topics: Adolescent; Antifungal Agents; Bronchoscopy; Cryptococcosis; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Lung Disea	2013
Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Mycopathologia, 2014, Volume: 178, Issue:1-2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococ	2014
Cryptococcal meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans in an immunocompetent soldier. Military medicine, 2014, Volume: 179, Issue:9 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluc	2014
Neuro-ophthalmic presentations and treatment of Cryptococcal meningitis-related increased intracranial pressure. Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie, 2014, Volume: 49, Issue:5 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antibodies, Fungal; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcu	2014
Pulmonary cryptococcosis with endobronchial lesions and meningitis. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 2014, Volume: 53, Issue:23 Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Bronchi; Bronchoscopy; Columbidae; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus neoformans;	2014
Hidden in a headache: cryptococcal meningitis in a septuagenarian. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2015, Volume: 63, Issue:1 Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	2015
Management of cryptococcal meningitis in a district hospital in KwaZulu-Natal: a clinical audit. African journal of primary health care & family medicine, 2014, Oct-13, Volume: 6, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Hospitals, Urban; Humans	2014
Access to flucytosine for HIV-infected patients with cryptococcal meningitis – an urgent need. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 2014, Volume: 104, Issue:9 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Flucytosine; Health Services Accessibility	2014
Cryptococcal eosinophilic meningitis in a patient with sarcoidosis. BMJ case reports, 2015, Dec-18, Volume: 2015 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Eosinophilia; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Meningitis, Cryptococcal	2015
Susceptibility profile and epidemiological cut-off values of Cryptococcus neoformans species complex from Argentina. Mycoses, 2016, Volume: 59, Issue:6 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Argentina; Cryptococcosis;	2016
Cryptococcal Meningitis Treatment Strategies Affected by the Explosive Cost of Flucytosine in the United States: A Cost-effectiveness Analysis. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016, 06-15, Volume: 62, Issue:12 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Deo	2016
Favorable Evolution of Cryptococcal Meningitis in the Context of Flucytosine Resistance. Experimental and clinical transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation, 2018, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug Resistance, Fungal; Drug Substitution; Female; Fluc	2018
Cryptococcal Infection of the Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt in an HIV-Infected Patient with an Excellent Immunovirologic Status. World neurosurgery, 2017, Volume: 99 Topics: Abdominal Abscess; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active;	2017
Cryptococcal meningitis in an immunocompetent adolescent. Annals of tropical paediatrics, 2008, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Flucytosine; Human	2008
Cerebral infection caused by Cryptococcus gattii: a case report and antifungal susceptibility testing. Revista iberoamericana de micologia, 2008, Dec-31, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Cryptococcus; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal; Drug Syne	2008
Uncommon presentation of intracranial cryptococcal infection mimicking tuberculous infection in two immunocompetent patients. Singapore medical journal, 2009, Volume: 50, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebellar Diseases; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diagnosis, Differen	2009
The role of an Ommaya reservoir in the management of children with cryptococcal meningitis. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 2010, Volume: 112, Issue:2 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Fl	2010
Continuous infusion of amphotericin B deoxycholate in the treatment of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis: analysis of safety and fungicidal activity. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2010, Mar-01, Volume: 50, Issue:5 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Colony Count, Microbial; Cryptococcus	2010
A prospective descriptive study of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV uninfected patients in Vietnam - high prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii in the absence of underlying disease. BMC infectious diseases, 2010, Jul-09, Volume: 10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus gattii; Cryptococcus neofor	2010
A prospective descriptive study of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV uninfected patients in Vietnam - high prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii in the absence of underlying disease. BMC infectious diseases, 2010, Jul-09, Volume: 10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus gattii; Cryptococcus neofor	2010
A prospective descriptive study of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV uninfected patients in Vietnam - high prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii in the absence of underlying disease. BMC infectious diseases, 2010, Jul-09, Volume: 10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus gattii; Cryptococcus neofor	2010
A prospective descriptive study of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV uninfected patients in Vietnam - high prevalence of Cryptococcus neoformans var grubii in the absence of underlying disease. BMC infectious diseases, 2010, Jul-09, Volume: 10 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus gattii; Cryptococcus neofor	2010
Cryptococcal meningitis in immunocompetent children. Mycoses, 2012, Volume: 55, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Child; Child, Preschool; Cryptococc	2012
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with low-dose amphotericin B and flucytosine. Chinese medical journal, 2012, Volume: 125, Issue:2 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Male; Menin	2012
Responding to the evidence for improved treatment for cryptococcal meningitis in resource-limited settings. South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde, 2012, Mar-14, Volume: 102, Issue:4 Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents	2012
Different presentations and outcomes between HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected patients with Cryptococcal meningitis. Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi, 2012, Volume: 45, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Aged; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fun	2012
Early cryptococcal meningitis following treatment with rituximab, fludarabine and cyclophosphamide in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leukemia & lymphoma, 2013, Volume: 54, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Comb	2013
Cryptococcal meningitis treatment strategies in resource-limited settings: a cost-effectiveness analysis. PLoS medicine, 2012, Volume: 9, Issue:9 Topics: Africa; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans;	2012
[Cryptococcal meningitis in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt and monitoring for pulmonary sarcoidosis]. Neuro-Chirurgie, 2013, Volume: 59, Issue:1 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Arachnoiditis; Carbon; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Coloring Agents; Conf	2013
Cryptococcal meningitis in a patient with systemic immunosuppression 13 years after liver transplantation. Intensive care medicine, 2002, Volume: 28, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Germa	2002
Effects of fluconazole singly and in combination with 5-fluorocytosine or amphotericin B in the treatment of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in an intracranial murine model. Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy), 2002, Volume: 14, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Brain; Cryptococcus neoformans; Disease Models, Animal;	2002
[A clinical study of 26 cases of cryptococcal meningitis]. Zhonghua nei ke za zhi, 2002, Volume: 41, Issue:8 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Child; Cryptococcus; Drainage	2002
Cryptococcal meningitis in pediatric AIDS. Journal of tropical pediatrics, 2003, Volume: 49, Issue:2 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Child; Drug Therapy, Combi	2003
Amphotericin B and fluconazole, a potent combination therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2004, Volume: 48, Issue:3 Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Antifungal Agents; Body Weight; Brain; Colony Count, Microbial; Cryptococcu	2004
Steroid responsive late deterioration in Cryptococcus neoformans variety gattii meningitis. Neurology, 2004, Aug-24, Volume: 63, Issue:4 Topics: Acetazolamide; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Arachnoiditis; Cerebral Infarction; Dexamet	2004
Episodic third nerve palsy with cryptococcal meningitis. Neurology, 2005, Feb-22, Volume: 64, Issue:4 Topics: Abducens Nerve; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Fat	2005
[Meningeal cryptococcosis as a sign of immune reconstitution syndrome]. Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica, 2005, Volume: 23, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Anti-HIV Agents; Antifungal Agents; An	2005
The use of ventriculoperitoneal shunts for uncontrollable intracranial hypertension without ventriculomegally secondary to HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Surgical neurology, 2005, Volume: 63, Issue:6 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Dr	2005
Antiretroviral roll-out, antifungal roll-back: access to treatment for cryptococcal meningitis. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 2005, Volume: 5, Issue:9 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Disease Susceptibility; Fl	2005
[Cryptococcal meningitis disclosed by visual loss in HIV negative patient with ventriculo-atrial shunting]. La Revue de medecine interne, 2006, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Amphotericin B; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Blindness; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts;	2006
[Cryptococcal meningo-encephalitis in an apparently immunocompetent patient]. Revue neurologique, 2006, Volume: 162, Issue:2 Topics: Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Brain; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cerebrospinal Flui	2006
Antifungal treatment for cryptococcal meningitis. Internal medicine journal, 2006, Volume: 36, Issue:7 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Administration Schedu	2006
Temporal bone histopathology case of the month: acute hearing loss due to cryptococcal meningitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology, 2007, Volume: 28, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cochlear Nerve; Cr	2007
Granulomatous prostatitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans: diagnostic usefulness of special stains and molecular analysis of 18S rDNA. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 2008, Volume: 11, Issue:2 Topics: Abscess; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Carmine; Coloring Agents; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus n	2008
Sarcoidosis as risk factor for cryptococcal meningitis in an apparently immunocompetent patient. Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2008, Volume: 29, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcus neoformans; Fatal Outcome; Flucytosine; Human	2008
Cryptococcal meningitis in patients with glioma: a report of two cases. Journal of neuro-oncology, 2008, Volume: 89, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antifungal Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Alk	2008
Cryptococcal meningitis in children in Papua New Guinea: a reminder. Papua and New Guinea medical journal, 1994, Volume: 37, Issue:3 Topics: Amphotericin B; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucytosine; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Meni	1994
Cryptococcosis, AIDS, and clinical trials. Lancet (London, England), 1995, Mar-04, Volume: 345, Issue:8949 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Amphotericin B; Cryptococcosis; Drug Resistance; Drug Therapy, C	1995
Cryptococcosis in renal allograft recipients. Transplantation, 1994, Oct-15, Volume: 58, Issue:7 Topics: Amphotericin B; Female; Flucytosine; Graft Rejection; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Trans	1994
Latex agglutination test negative cryptococcal meningitis in an immuno-competent individual: a case report. Clinical neurology and neurosurgery, 1994, Volume: 96, Issue:3 Topics: Aged; Amphotericin B; Brain; Cryptococcus neoformans; Flucytosine; Humans; Latex Fixation Tests; Mal	1994
Cryptococcal meningitis (C. neoformans var. gattii) leading to blindness in previously healthy Melanesian adults in Papua New Guinea. The Quarterly journal of medicine, 1994, Volume: 87, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Blindness; Child; Cryptococcus neoformans; Female; Flucytosine; H	1994
Successful treatment of resistant cryptococcal meningitis with amphotericin B lipid emulsion after nephrotoxicity with conventional intravenous amphotericin B. The Journal of infection, 1994, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Fat Emulsi	1994
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with short-course amphotericin B and flucytosine, followed by itraconazole. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 1993, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; M	1993
Cryptococcal meningitis after liver transplantation. Transplantation, 1996, Jan-15, Volume: 61, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Li	1996
Treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis with fluconazole: impact of dose and addition of flucytosine on mycologic and pathophysiologic outcome. The Journal of infectious diseases, 1996, Volume: 173, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Antigens, Fungal; Brain Edema; Cryptococcus neoformans; Drug Therapy, Co	1996
Cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy. American journal of perinatology, 1996, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; M	1996
Identification of patients with acute AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis who can be effectively treated with fluconazole: the role of antifungal susceptibility testing. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1996, Volume: 22, Issue:2 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cryptococ	1996
Clinical efficacy of itraconazole with initial flucytosine in AIDS-related cryptococcal meningitis: a preliminary study. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 1996, Volume: 79, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female;	1996
Effect of fluconazole on fungicidal activity of flucytosine in murine cryptococcal meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1996, Volume: 40, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Body Weight; Brain; Cryptococcus neoformans; Dose-Response Relationship,	1996
[Focusing on therapy of systemic mycoses]. Der Internist, 1995, Volume: 36, Issue:12 Suppl Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis; Dose-Response	1995
Combination therapy with fluconazole and flucytosine in the murine model of cryptococcal meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1997, Volume: 41, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Brain; Cryptococcus neoformans; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Re	1997
Effect of severity of meningitis on fungicidal activity of flucytosine combined with fluconazole in a murine model of cryptococcal meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1997, Volume: 41, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Body Weight; Cryptococcus neoformans; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evalu	1997
Amphotericin B with or without flucytosine followed by fluconazole as primary therapy for cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS. The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 1996, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combinat	1996
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Nov-20, Volume: 337, Issue:21 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination;	1997
Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 1997, Nov-20, Volume: 337, Issue:21 Topics: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid; Cryptococcus neoforma	1997
[A cured case of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis with cryptococcal meningitis]. Rinsho kyobu geka = Japanese annals of thoracic surgery, 1985, Volume: 5, Issue:2 Topics: Amphotericin B; Cryptococcosis; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucytosine; Humans; Lung Diseases, Funga	1985
Cryptococcosis at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Tropical doctor, 1998, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcosis; Drug Therapy, Combinatio	1998
Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion combined with flucytosine with or without fluconazole for treatment of murine cryptococcal meningitis. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1998, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Ma	1998
Molecular epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from Ugandan AIDS patients. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, 1998, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Antifungal Agents; Cluster Analysis; Cryptococcus neoformans; DN	1998
Early mycological treatment failure in AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1999, Volume: 28, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid	1999
Treatment of hydrocephalus secondary to cryptococcal meningitis by use of shunting. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 1999, Volume: 28, Issue:3 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; Female; Flucytosin	1999
The prognostic factors of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-negative patients. The Journal of hospital infection, 1999, Volume: 42, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combina	1999
Massive pleural effusions in cryptococcal meningitis. Postgraduate medical journal, 1999, Volume: 75, Issue:883 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Cryptococcosis; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, C	1999
Interactions of posaconazole and flucytosine against Cryptococcus neoformans. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2001, Volume: 45, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Antifungal Agents; Colony Count, Microbial; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus neoformans; Diseas	2001
[A case of SLE presenting the features of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome during a treatment for complicated cryptococcal meningitis]. No to shinkei = Brain and nerve, 2001, Volume: 53, Issue:7 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Im	2001
Development of azole resistance during fluconazole maintenance therapy for AIDS-associated cryptococcal disease. AIDS (London, England), 2001, Nov-23, Volume: 15, Issue:17 Topics: Adult; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Chorioretinitis; Cr	2001
Itraconazole in cryptococcal meningitis in pregnancy: a case report. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, 1992, Volume: 75, Issue:10 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Itraconazole	1992
Cryptococcal meningitis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 1992, Volume: 22, Issue:1 Topics: Adult; Amphotericin B; Cryptococcus; Female; Flucytosine; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Men	1992
[Factors affecting prognosis of cryptococcal meningitis]. Zhonghua shen jing jing shen ke za zhi = Chinese journal of neurology and psychiatry, 1992, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Amphotericin B; Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure; Child; Child, Preschoo	1992
[Fluconazole treatment of cryptococcal meningitis associated with HIV infection. Presentation of 4 cases]. Revista clinica espanola, 1992, Volume: 190, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Amphotericin B; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fluconazole; Flucyto	1992
[Comment on the contribution by A. Krupp and K. G. Ravens: "Foudroyant course of generalized cryptococcosis with no signs of immune compromise"]. Der Internist, 1992, Volume: 33, Issue:2 Topics: Amphotericin B; Drug Therapy, Combination; Flucytosine; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Meningitis,	1992
Raised intracranial pressure and visual complications in AIDS patients with cryptococcal meningitis. The Journal of infection, 1992, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Blindness; Cranial Nerve Diseases; Crypto	1992
Cryptococcal meningitis: outcome in patients with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease. The Journal of infectious diseases, 1992, Volume: 165, Issue:5 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antifungal Agents; Drug Therapy, Combinat	1992
Fluconazole: a position statement by the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, 1992, Volume: 26, Issue:6 Topics: Amphotericin B; Candidiasis; Drug Interactions; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Crypto	1992
[Cryptococcosis in AIDS patients: a study of 19 cases]. Revista clinica espanola, 1992, Volume: 190, Issue:9 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Cryptococcosis; Cryptococcus neoformans;	1992
Suppressive therapy for cryptococcal meningitis. The New England journal of medicine, 1992, Aug-20, Volume: 327, Issue:8 Topics: Amphotericin B; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fluconazole; Flucytosine; Humans; Meningitis, Cryptococca	1992
[Cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS: successful long-term prophylaxis with fluconazole]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), 1991, Dec-20, Volume: 116, Issue:51-52 Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Amphotericin B; Antigens, Bacterial; Cryptococcus; Drug T	1991

flucytosine and Cerebral Cryptococcosis