fibrin and Rupture

Topics: Animals; Aorta; Arteriosclerosis; Blood Platelets; Calcinosis; Child; Cholesterol; Collateral Circulation; Coronary Disease; Coronary Vessels; Erythrocytes; Female; Fibrin; Fibroblasts; Glycosaminoglycans; Hemorrhage; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Lipids; Macrophages; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle, Smooth; Necrosis; Rabbits; Rupture; Thrombosis

Current nonoperative treatments for partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) have limited effectiveness in preventing tear progression or promoting tendon healing. This study aimed to establish a rabbit model using in situ-forming fibrin gel containing adipose stem cell-derived exosomes (ASC-Exos/fibrin) to treat PTRCTs.. Fifty-six rabbits (112 shoulders) were included in this study and assigned to 4 groups: the control group (32 shoulders; PTRCTs without treatment), the fibrin group (32 shoulders; PTRCTs treated with fibrin gel), the ASC-Exo/fibrin group (32 shoulders; PTRCTs treated with ASC-Exos/fibrin), and the sham group (16 shoulders; sham surgery). Bilateral, 50%-thickness, bursal-side PTRCTs of 1 mm (depth) × 3 mm (width) × 5 mm (length) on the supraspinatus tendon were established by a number-11 scalpel blade, with accuracy of the measurement ensured by a digital vernier caliper. At 6 and 12 weeks postoperatively, gross observation, measurement of the thickness of residual supraspinatus tendons, and histological and biomechanical analyses were performed to analyze tendon repair.. At 12 weeks postoperatively, the tendon thickness in the ASC-Exos/fibrin group (mean and standard deviation, 1.63 ± 0.19 mm) was significantly greater than in the control group (0.85 ± 0.09 mm) (p < 0.0001) and fibrin group (1.16 ± 0.17 mm) (p < 0.0001). The histological score in the ASC-Exos/fibrin group (6.25 ± 0.53) was significantly better than in the control group (11.38 ± 0.72) (p < 0.0001) and fibrin group (9.00 ± 0.54) (p < 0.0001). Overall, immunohistochemical staining of types-I and III collagen and biomechanical testing also showed ASC-Exos/fibrin to be more effective in repairing PTRCTs than fibrin alone and no treatment.. Local administration of in situ-forming ASC-Exos/fibrin effectively facilitated the healing of bursal-side PTRCTs in rabbits. This approach may be a candidate for the nonoperative management of PTRCTs.. Ultrasound-guided injection of ASC-Exos/fibrin may be a novel nonoperative strategy to treat PTRCTs.

Topics: Animals; Exosomes; Fibrin; Rabbits; Rotator Cuff; Rotator Cuff Injuries; Rupture

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common complete ligamentous injury in the knee. Many studies explored ACL graft integration and maturation, but only a few assessed the application of platelet rich fibrin matrix (PRFM) as augmentation for ACL reconstruction. The main aim of this study was to test the PRFM augmentation in terms of graft-bone integration and knee stability. The secondary aim was to investigate patient-reported functional status.. Prospective evaluation has been done in two consecutive series of patients who underwent ACL reconstruction with semitendinosus and gracilis (STG) grafts: 14 patients were operated with PRFM augmentation and 14 patients without PRFM augmentation. Objective clinical evaluation (Rolimeter) and MRI evaluation were performed at 1 year from surgery. Subjective evaluation (IKDC) was performed pre-operatively and at 6 months, 1 and 2 years from surgery.. A statistically significant difference was not detected between the two groups in terms of MRI and objective clinical evaluation, although PRFM-augmented patients showed a statistically significant higher clinical improvement.. The procedure described for PRFM augmentation in ACL STG reconstruction does not improve radiologic graft integration and knee stability after 1 year and should not be used by clinicians to this purpose. However, it may result in a short-term improvement of patient-reported knee function, and future research should focus on further developing PRP treatment to optimize ACL clinical outcome.. III.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anterior Cruciate Ligament; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction; Female; Fibrin; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Joint Instability; Knee Injuries; Knee Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet-Rich Plasma; Prospective Studies; Rupture

To report on the results of 12 complete radial tears of the meniscus treated using arthroscopic inside-out repair with fibrin clots, the results showed good meniscal healing and excellent clinical outcomes.. From 2007 to 2009, 12 patients with complete radial tears of the meniscus were treated by arthroscopic inside-out repair with fibrin clots. In all patients, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee form and Lysholm score were determined pre- and post-operatively. We performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and if indicated, we performed a second-look arthroscopic examination.. At a mean of 30 ± 4 postoperative months, the Lysholm score and IKDC subjective knee score had improved from 65 ± 6 and 57 ± 7 to 94 ± 3 and 92 ± 3, respectively. Eleven of 12 cases showed complete healing on follow-up MRI. Six of 7 patients undergoing a second-look arthroscopic examination had healed completely.. This study shows successful meniscal repairs using fibrin clots in complete radial tears. This surgical procedure appears to be a good treatment method for complete radial tear of the meniscus.. Case series, level IV.

Topics: Adult; Arthroscopy; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Menisci, Tibial; Rupture; Suture Techniques; Tibial Meniscus Injuries; Tissue Scaffolds

Thrombogenicity of ruptured atherosclerotic plaques is mainly attributed to the exposure of collagen (Col) and tissue factor (TF). Using in-vitro approaches, we explored the relative contribution of Col and TF to local thrombogenesis.. Surfaces coated with Col and human TF, alone or in combinations (diluted Col on TF, and diluted TF on Col), were exposed to flowing blood at a shear rate of 600/s. Platelet and fibrin deposition were analyzed morphometrically. Generation of prothrombin fragments (F1+2) was determined as a measure of global activation of coagulation.. Col and TF alone behaved as adhesive substrata to platelets supporting similar platelet coverage around 22%. Col induced tight aggregates, whereas TF promoted adhesive events. In studies with combinations of Col and TF, platelet aggregation was always enhanced with statistical elevations of the thrombus area (P<0.05). Generation of F1+2 was surface-dependent and was at its highest levels when both proteins were combined (P<0.05). However, local fibrin formation was statistically increased in surfaces containing lower concentrations of TF on Col (P<0.01 vs. overall surfaces assessed).. Our studies show that combinations of Col and TF always enhance thrombogenesis, but small amounts of TF on Col surfaces resulted in the most procoagulant combination. The present results suggest that plaques exposing high contents of Col, with small amounts of TF, would provide the most occlusive combination.

Topics: Blood Coagulation; Blood Platelets; Blood Vessels; Fibrillar Collagens; Fibrin; Humans; Peptide Fragments; Perfusion; Platelet Adhesiveness; Platelet Aggregation; Prothrombin; Pulsatile Flow; Rupture; Stress, Mechanical; Thromboplastin; Thrombosis

We present a method to produce vascular disruptions within rat brain parenchyma that targets single microvessels. We used two-photon microscopy to image vascular architecture, to select a vessel for injury and to measure blood-flow dynamics. We irradiated the vessel with high-fluence, ultrashort laser pulses and achieved three forms of vascular insult. (i) Vessel rupture was induced at the highest optical energies; this provides a model for hemorrhage. (ii) Extravasation of blood components was induced near the lowest energies and was accompanied by maintained flow in the target vessel. (iii) An intravascular clot evolved when an extravasated vessel was further irradiated. Such clots dramatically impaired blood flow in downstream vessels, in which speeds dropped to as low as approximately 10% of baseline values. This demonstrates that a single blockage to a microvessel can lead to local cortical ischemia. Lastly, we show that hemodilution leads to a restoration of flow in secondary downstream vessels.

Topics: Animals; Blood Coagulation; Blood Flow Velocity; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Capillary Permeability; Cerebral Cortex; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Erythrocytes; Fibrin; Fluoresceins; Hemodilution; Hemorrhage; Heparin; Hypoxia, Brain; Lasers; Light; Male; Microcirculation; Microscopy, Confocal; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Regional Blood Flow; Rupture; Sodium Chloride; Stroke; Tissue Plasminogen Activator; Vimentin

Topics: Capillaries; Color; Female; Fibrin; Hemostasis; Humans; Middle Aged; Platelet Aggregation; Retina; Retinal Hemorrhage; Retinal Vessels; Rupture

Clinical experiences in a timespan of two and a half years with a human fibrinogen concentrate in head and neck surgery are reported. In 49 patients with different bleeding disorders tonsillectomies, adenectomies and nasal dermoplasties (Osler's disease) were carried out. In these cases primary hemostasis due to the fibrin adhesive combined with an allogenic collagen implant could be obtained without any subsitution of the deficient blood clotting factors. In all these cases no complications could be observed. In other 193 cases which underwent a surgical treatment in the head and neck region (frontobasal and laterobasal fractures, rupture of the carotid artery, closure of perforations of the nasal septum and oroantral fistulas, different methods of skinmucosa- and nerve-grafting) the fibrin adhesive was successfully used.

Topics: Carotid Artery Diseases; Carotid Artery Injuries; Collagen; Fibrin; Head; Hemostasis; Humans; Nasal Septum; Neck; Nose Diseases; Oroantral Fistula; Rupture; Skin Transplantation; Skull Fractures; Tissue Adhesives; Tonsillectomy; Transplantation, Autologous; Tympanoplasty

Topics: Achilles Tendon; Fibrin; Humans; Rupture; Suture Techniques; Sutures; Tissue Adhesives

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Fibrin; Rupture; Rupture, Spontaneous; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder Diseases

Topics: Blood-Brain Barrier; Chemical Precipitation; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Depression, Chemical; Electrophoresis, Paper; Fibrin; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Intracranial Aneurysm; Methods; Rupture; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Time Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Arteries; Autopsy; Blood Cells; Blood Vessels; Cell Aggregation; Child; Child, Preschool; Collagen; Connective Tissue; Coronary Vessels; Elastic Tissue; Female; Fibrin; Hemodynamics; Humans; Infant; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Platelet Adhesiveness; Rupture; Staining and Labeling

Topics: Adult; Chemical Precipitation; Choroiditis; Diseases in Twins; Endotoxins; Escherichia coli Infections; Extraembryonic Membranes; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Diseases; Fibrin; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Photomicrography; Placenta; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Rupture; Shwartzman Phenomenon

Topics: Fibrin; Humans; Liver; Rupture