fibrin and Ovarian-Neoplasms

Topics: Adult; Antineoplastic Agents; Blood Coagulation; Blood Coagulation Factors; Breast Neoplasms; Dextrans; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolysis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Rectal Neoplasms; Sulfates

Although direct adhesion of cancer cells to the mesothelial cell layer is considered to be a key step for peritoneal invasion of ovarian cancer cell masses (OCM), we recently identified a different strategy for the peritoneal invasion of OCM. In 6 out of 20 cases of ovarian carcinoma, extraperitoneal growth of the OCM was observed along with the neovascularization of feeding vessels, which connect the intraperitoneal host stroma and extraperitoneal lesions through the intact mesothelial cell layer. As an early step, the OCMs anchor in the extraperitoneal fibrin networks and then induce the migration of CD34-positive and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-positive endothelial cells, constructing extraperitoneal vascular networks around the OCM. During the extraperitoneal growth of OCM, podoplanin-positive and α smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) appears. In more advanced lesions, the boundary line of mesothelial cells disappears around the insertion areas of feeding vessels and then extraperitoneal and intraperitoneal stroma are integrated, enabling the OCM to invade the host stroma, being associated with CAF. In addition, tissue factors (TF) are strongly detected around these peritoneal implantation sites and their levels in ascites were higher than that in blood. These findings demonstrate the presence of neovascularization around fibrin net-anchored OCMs on the outer side of the intact peritoneal surface, suggesting a novel strategy for peritoneal invasion of ovarian cancer and TF-targeted intraperitoneal anti-cancer treatment. We observed and propose a novel strategy for peritoneal implantation of ovarian cancer. The strategy includes the preinvasive growth of fibrin-anchored cancer cells along with neovascularization on the outer side of the intact peritoneal surface.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascites; Endothelial Cells; Epithelium; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Peritoneum; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of activated protein C (aPC), known to be a physiological anticoagulant, in ovarian cancer cell activation as well as in loss of clotting of cancer ascitic fluid. The effect of aPC on an ovarian cancer cell line (OVCAR-3) was tested in regards to i) cell migration and adhesion with the use of adhesion and wound healing assays as well as a droplet test; ii) protein phosphorylation, evaluated by cyto-ELISA; iii) cell cycle modification assessed by flow cytometric DNA quantification; and iv) anticoagulant activity evaluated by the prolongation of partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) of normal plasma in the presence or absence of aPC-treated ovarian cancer cells. In addition, the soluble endothelial protein C receptor (sEPCR) was quantified by ELISA in ascitic fluid of patients with ovarian cancer. Our results showed that in the OVCAR-3 aPC-induced cells i) an increase in cell migration was noted, which was inhibited when anti-endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) was added to the culture medium and which may act via MEK-ERK and Rho-GTPase pathways; ii) an increase in threonine, and to a lesser extent tyrosine phosphorylation; iii) cell cycle activation (G1 to S/G2); and iv) a 2-3-fold prolongation of aPTT of normal plasma. In the peritoneal fluid, the sEPCR concentration was 71 ± 23 ng/ml. In conclusion, free aPC binds to membrane EPCR in ovarian cancer cells and induces cell migration via MEK-ERK and Rho-GTPase pathways. This binding could also explain the loss of clotting of peritoneal fluids.

Topics: Anticoagulants; Antigens, CD; Ascitic Fluid; Cell Adhesion; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Movement; Endothelial Protein C Receptor; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Phosphorylation; Protein C; Receptors, Cell Surface; Signal Transduction; Tumor Microenvironment; Up-Regulation

Ovarian cancer is the ninth most common cancer amongst women and ranked as fifth in terms of the cause of cancer related mortality accounting for more deaths than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. Gemcitabine is the most common chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of ovarian cancer despite of its disadvantage of having a very lesser half life. In this study, we have envisaged the use of a highly porous, biomimetic and implantable pectin scaffold embedded with gemcitabine loaded fibrin nanoconstructs to improve the half life of the drug, thereby providing localized therapy for ovarian cancer. The controlled and sustained release of the chemokine from the scaffold system was extensively analyzed in vitro different pH environments. The composite scaffolds were found to be highly biocompatible when tested with mammalian cell lines. The excellent cytotoxicity and apoptosis responses induced in ovarian cancer, PA- 1 cell lines proved that the nanocomposite Pectin scaffolds loaded with specific chemokine can be used as implantable "therapeutic wafers" for distracting metastatic cancer cells and thus improve the survival rate of ovarian cancer afflicted individuals.

Topics: Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Cell Adhesion; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Chitosan; Deoxycytidine; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Fibrin; Gemcitabine; Humans; Nanocomposites; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pectins; Porosity; Tissue Scaffolds

Cyclin E, a G(1) cyclin serving to activate cyclin-dependent kinase 2, is the only cyclin gene for which alternative splicing leading to structurally different proteins has been described. Different cyclin E proteins are present in tumor tissues but absent from normal (steady) tissues. Cyclin E contributes to the regulation of cell proliferation and ongoing differentiation and aging. Because trophoblast has invasive properties and differentiates into syncytium and placental aging may develop at term, we examined cyclin E protein variants in human placenta. Placental samples were collected from 27 deliveries between 33 and 41 wk and were compared with ovarian cancer (positive control). Both placental and tumor tissues showed seven cyclin E low molecular weight (LMW) bands migrating between 50 and 36 kDa. Placental expression of cyclin E showed certain variability among cases. Lowest cyclin E expression was detected in normal placentas (strong expression of Thy-1 differentiation protein in villous core and low dilatation of villous blood sinusoids). Abnormal placentas (significant depletion of Thy-1 and more or less pronounced dilatation of sinusoids) showed significant increase either of all (early stages of placental aging) or only certain cyclin E proteins (advanced aging). Our studies indicate that a similar spectrum of cyclin E protein variants is expressed in the placental and tumor tissues. Low cyclin E expression in normal placentas suggests a steady state. Overexpression of all cyclin E proteins may indicate an activation of cellular proliferation and differentiation to compensate for developing placental insufficiency. However, an enhanced expression of some cyclin E LMW proteins only might reflect an association of cyclin E isoforms with placental aging or an inefficient placental adaptation.

Topics: Adult; Blotting, Western; Chorionic Villi; Cyclin E; Female; Fetus; Fibrin; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Immunohistochemistry; Molecular Weight; Ovarian Neoplasms; Placenta; Placentation; Pregnancy

The essential role of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in tumor invasion and metastasis stresses the necessity of a fine-tuned cellular control over its expression. It has been shown that changes in uPA directly correlate with changes in cell invasiveness. We examined the role of Rel-related proteins in uPA synthesis by human ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting their expression using the antisense (AS) oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) technology. Exposure of OV-MZ-6 cells to 10 microM phosphorothioate (PS)-derivatized AS-ODN directed to Rel A led to a maximal 50% decrease of uPA antigen in cell lysates and a 70% reduction in cell cultures supernatants accompanied by a significant transient decline in uPA mRNA levels. Antisense-PS-ODN directed to NF-kappa B1 (p50) or c-rel had no effect on uPA protein expression. AS-PS-ODN directed to Rel A also affected the proteolytic capacity of OV-MZ-6 cells reflected by an approximately 70% decrease in the fibrinolytic capacity of the cells within 24 h compared to untreated controls. AS-PS-ODN directed to I kappa B alpha expression increased uPA in cell culture supernatants up to 50%. uPA receptor (uPAR) production and synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1) were not altered by either AS-PS-ODN applied. Western blot and gel retardation analyses revealed constitutive expression of Rel-related proteins in nuclear protein extracts of OV-MZ-6 cells. Thus these proteins seem to be implicated in uPA regulation and may thereby contribute to tumor spread and metastasis.

Topics: Base Sequence; Cystadenocarcinoma; Female; Fibrin; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression; Gene Transfer Techniques; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; NF-kappa B; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Ovarian Neoplasms; Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; RNA, Messenger; Transcription Factor RelA; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

In the immediately preceding paper, we demonstrated that the microvasculature supplying peritoneal lining tissues of mice bearing either of two transplantable ascites carcinomas was hyperpermeable to circulating macromolecules. Solid tumors have been shown to exhibit similar levels of microvascular hyperpermeability, leading to extravasation of plasma proteins, including fibrinogen which clots on extravasation to form an extravascular fibrin gel. To determine whether similar extravasation and clotting of plasma fibrinogen occurred in ascites tumors, we used 125I-labeled fibrinogen (125I-F) as a tracer to measure inflow of fibrinogen into the peritoneal cavities, and influx and accumulation of fibrinogen/fibrin in the peritoneal lining tissues (peritoneal wall, mesentery, and diaphragm) of mice bearing syngeneic TA3/St or MOT ascites tumors. The percentage of circulating 125I-F that extravasated into the peritoneal cavity was increased from 10- to 50-fold in mice bearing either ascites tumor. Influx into the peritoneal walls of ascites tumor-bearing mice was 3-7 times that of control mice and became maximal on day 8 (TA3/St) and day 15 (MOT). Accumulation of 125I-F in ascites fluid and peritoneal lining tissues was also increased substantially in mice bearing these ascites tumors, reaching maximal values on days 7-8 (TA3/St) and 19-29 (MOT) at levels 2- to 3-fold (peritoneal wall) and 33- to 148-fold (ascites fluid) above control levels. Significant amounts of the 125I-F that accumulated in the peritoneal lining tissues of ascites tumor-bearing animals were insoluble in 3 M urea, consistent with clotting of 125I-F to cross-linked fibrin. Autoradiographs of SDS-PAGE gels performed on extracts of peritoneal lining tissues of both ascites tumors revealed the characteristic signature of cross-linked fibrin, i.e., gamma-gamma dimers and alpha-polymers. Fibrin was also identified in peritoneal lining tissues of both ascites tumors by immunohistochemistry. Taken together, these data indicate that fibrinogen, like other circulating macromolecules, extravasates into the peritoneal cavity and peritoneal lining tissues of ascites tumor-bearing mice and does so with kinetics similar to those of other macromolecular tracers we have studied. Moreover, a portion of the fibrinogen that extravasated into peritoneal lining tissues clotted to form a cross-linked fibrin meshwork which trapped tumor cells and favored their attachment to the peritoneal surface. By analogy with

Topics: Animals; Ascites; Capillary Permeability; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Iodine Radioisotopes; Male; Mammary Neoplasms, Animal; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Muscle, Skeletal; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritoneal Cavity; Peritoneum

Tumor stroma contains much fibrin and monoclonal antifibrin antibody targeting is possible in tumors. In this study, nude mouse human ovarian carcinoma xenograft specimens were investigated after treatment with 90Y-labeled monoclonal antifibrin antibody Fab fragment or with 90Y-labeled OC125-monoclonal antibody F(ab')2 fragments. The mice received the radioimmunotherapy activity either intratumorally, intraperitoneally, or intravenously. Beta-camera imaging (BCI) is a novel device for studying activity distribution in tissue specimens and, together with immunohistochemistry (IHC) with OC125, antifibrin, anticarcinoembryonic antigen, anti-cytokeratin, and anti-placental alkaline phosphatase antibodies, was used for correlation of activity distribution of tissue specimens. These results were in concordance: Antigen distribution measured with IHC and radioactivity distribution were similar with the same antibodies, antifibrin, and OC125: However, these antigens demonstrated rather different distribution. Tissue studies revealed that activity was concentrated also in the necrotic tumor tissue, indicating that cell death was also caused by radiation. Differences in the tumor cell morphology were observed using different routes of administration. With BCI, it is possible to quantitate activities in frozen sections (microdosimetry), and these results were in concordance with absolute activities as measured by tissue sampling and well-counting. Three-dimensional reconstruction of tissue slices combined with radioactivity distribution measured with BCI allows estimation of total absorbed radiation dose in tumor after an appropriate dose planning.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fibrin; Immunohistochemistry; Keratins; Mice; Mice, Nude; Ovarian Neoplasms; Proteins; Radioimmunotherapy; Radionuclide Imaging; Statistics as Topic; Yttrium Radioisotopes

The preoperative plasma levels of fibrinopeptide-A (FPA), D-dimer (DD), and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) were measured in 125 patients with ovarian masses undergoing laparotomy and in 88 healthy nonpregnant women as controls. FPA, DD, and vWF levels were significantly higher in the 58 patients with ovarian carcinoma than in the 67 patients with benign ovarian disease or controls. FPA and DD values were significantly higher in advanced (FIGO stage III-IV) than in early ovarian carcinoma. Among patients with advanced disease, FPA and DD levels correlated with none of the common clinicopathological prognostic variables; conversely, vWF values were related to FIGO stage (IV versus III, P < 0.02) and size of residual disease after initial surgery (> 2 cm versus < or = 2 cm, P < 0.05). In conclusion, increased fibrin production and degradation occur in patients with ovarian carcinoma.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Fibrin; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Fibrinopeptide A; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Ovarian Diseases; Ovarian Neoplasms; Predictive Value of Tests; Sensitivity and Specificity; von Willebrand Factor

Tumor stroma contains much fibrin, and so monoclonal antifibrin antibody can accumulate in tumors. We treated nude mice bearing human ovarian carcinoma xenografts with 90Y-labeled monoclonal antifibrin antibody Fab fragments administered intratumorally. The survival time vs. a control group was significantly prolonged and tumor growth rate was decreased. Another group of animals was treated with 90Y-labeled OC 125-monoclonal antibody; these mice received the antibodies intratumorally, intraperitoneally or intravenously. The survival time was longest in the intratumorally treated group. There was no significant difference in survival between 90Y-labeled OC 125 and antifibrin in the intratumorally treated animal groups. The tissue activity distribution studies revealed that bone marrow is the critical organ. Intratumorally injected monoclonal 90Y-antifibrin antibodies were retained at least 36 h (up to 50% of injected activity per gram tumor tissue) in the xenograft after one treatment, causing cell death. Beta-camera imaging and immunohistochemistry were performed for studies of the correlation between 90Y activity and fibrin distribution in tumor specimens. These results were in concordance. In conclusion, intratumoral administration seems suitable for radioimmunotherapy, with an antibody that targets stromal structures. The accumulation can be successfully monitored by a beta-camera.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bispecific; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Injections, Intralesional; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intravenous; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Neoplasm Transplantation; Ovarian Neoplasms; Radioimmunotherapy; Survival Analysis; Tissue Distribution; Yttrium Radioisotopes

The aim of this study was to evaluate the type of enzymes involved in tumor-associated fibrinolysis of the stroma component fibrin in ovarian cancer patients. For this purpose, the high-molecular-mass fibrin degradation products (HMM-XDP) were isolated from malignant ascitic fluid by protamine sulfate precipitation and further purified by gel filtration and acid precipitation. After reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol, the peptide chain components were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The nature of these components was elucidated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis and compared with fibrin-derived fragments formed in vitro. The results indicate that plasmin is the essential protease involved in the degradation of the stroma-derived fibrin portion found in ovarian cancer ascites.

Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Ascitic Fluid; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cystadenocarcinoma; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Factor XIII; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolysin; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peptide Hydrolases; Thrombin

Our experience with the subcutaneous absorbable bridge for constructing a temporary loop ileostomy and loop colostomy is described. The use of this subcutaneous absorbable bridge in 15 patients - 6 with loop ileostomy and 9 with loop colostomy - was almost without complications. The absorbable bridge is a progress for maturation of the stoma and for immediate postoperative as prospective fitting of a watertight appliance. The actual trend substituting the temporary loop colostomy by the loop ileostomy may be advanced by the unlimited use of the subcutaneous absorbable bridge for constructing a temporary loop ileostomy.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Colonic Diseases; Colonic Neoplasms; Colostomy; Female; Fibrin; Glycerol; Humans; Ileostomy; Intestinal Obstruction; Male; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prostheses and Implants; Sutures

Covalently linked heterogeneous fibrin-fibronectin compounds were detected in ascitic fluid of 31 patients with advanced ovarian cystadenocarcinoma by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques, immunoaffinity chromatography, and Western blot analysis. Deposition of fibrin and fibronectin could also be demonstrated immunohistochemically in Carnoy-fixed tissue sections. Fibrin and fibronectin were found in the tumor stroma within tumor nests and more prominently in stroma surrounding the tumor nests. The association of fibrin and fibronectin was especially pronounced in the stroma surrounding the tumor islands. Fibronectin was also found to be associated with stroma cells. Areas within the tumor stroma showed superimposed staining for both fibrin and fibronectin supporting the assumption that the covalently linked fibrin-fibronectin conjugates found in ascitic fluid may stem from the provisional tumor stroma by proteolytic release.

Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Cystadenocarcinoma; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fibrin; Fibronectins; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Molecular Weight; Ovarian Neoplasms; Plasminogen Activators; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

The article reports on measurements of D dimer, a terminal plasmic lysis product of crosslinked fibrin, with an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) employing recently developed specific monoclonal antibodies. Due to its sensitivity the test can be used on plasma samples. The D dimer concentrations in patients with deep vein thrombosis diagnosed by laboratory apparatus were significantly increased compared to a control group; in one patient with additional pulmonary embolism, the level was even higher. Moderately elevated concentrations of D dimer were observed in the hypercoagulable state of pregnancy, puerperium and during the postoperative course. This reduces the specificity of the test with regard to the recognition of thromboembolic episodes under these conditions. Obstetric patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) showed excessively increased levels of D dimer. Hence, a marker function with regard to the recognition of thromboembolic disease can be attributed to the D dimer; the diagnosis of DIC can be confirmed if very high concentrations are detected.

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fibrin; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Fibrinogen; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Pulmonary Embolism; Thrombophlebitis

D dimer and related crosslinked fibrin derivatives were measured in plasma of normal subjects and in patients with various disorders. In 23 healthy, young females low plasma levels were found (mean 47 ng/ml). In 12 patients with deep vein thrombosis, moderately elevated levels (mean 593 ng/ml) were seen. Higher levels were found in 6 patients with pulmonary embolism (mean 3,337 ng/ml). The highest values occurred in 4 patients with severe intravascular coagulation (31,000 to 390,000 ng/ml). In 22 patients with ovarian cancer and in 21 patients with other gynecologic carcinoma, normal to highly elevated levels of D dimer like material were found. These values corresponded well to concentrations of tumor marker CA 125, measured in the same samples, and to tumor activities staged in these patients based on clinical examinations. Very high values of crosslinked fibrin derivatives (75,000-525,000 ng/ml) were determined in ascitic fluid of patients with ovarian cancer.

Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Ascites; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Female; Fibrin; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Humans; Latex Fixation Tests; Ovarian Neoplasms; Reference Values

The paper describes morphological changes of normal and tumor cells in the process of interaction with plasma fibrinogen. Comparative study shows significant difference between normal and neoplastic cells in their capacity to bind fibrin. Normal FL cells are characterized by a moderate or low fibrin binding, while tumor CaOv cells by a more intensive uptake of fibrin, which deposits both on the cell surface and in the intercellular spaces. This difference is more pronounced in a long-term cell incubation with fibrinogen.

Topics: Amnion; Cell Line; Cells, Cultured; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Microscopy, Electron; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Ovarian Neoplasms

Topics: Female; Fibrin; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Solubility

An inhibitor present in placenta and released in placental tissue culture forms specific complexes with each of two molecular forms of urokinase. Autoradiography demonstrated that the inhibitor shifted the electrophoretic position of 125I-labelled urokinase. It did not change the migration of diisopropyl-fluorophosphate-inactivated 125I-labelled urokinase, thereby indicating complex formation dependent on active serine site in urokinase. The inhibitor had a strong neutralizing effect on the plasminogen activators released from human ovarian carcinoma in tissue culture. The placental inhibitor might prove useful in inhibiting the fibrinolytic process necessary for proliferation of tumour vessels.

Topics: Endopeptidases; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinolysin; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Isoflurophate; Molecular Weight; Organ Culture Techniques; Ovarian Neoplasms; Placenta; Plasminogen; Pregnancy; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator

Determination of fibrin in plasma, also containing fibrinogen, is possible by selective absorption on affinity columns prepared from highly purified fibrinogen. Desorption is complete using 1.0 M potassium bromide, pH 5.3. In addition, the cold-insoluble globulin is desorbed. Therefore, the eluate is checked on microtiter plates by the staphylococcal clumping test which selectively detects fibrin or fibrinogen. The procedure works well with simple laboratory equipment. The diagnosis of fibrinogen-fibrin complexes is demonstrated in some pathological plasmas.

Topics: Adsorption; Blood Coagulation Tests; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Chromatography, Affinity; Chromatography, Agarose; Ethanol; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Solubility; Thrombin

Topics: Female; Fibrin; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms

The association of fibrin and tumour cells on a sclerosed mitral valve in a 62-year-old woman is described. This was the first indication of malignant disease but bilateral ovarian cancer was proved two months later. ino further tumour deposits have been found in fifteen months. The tumour deposit on the valve was most likely a metastasis but primary heart valve sarcoma has not been positively excluded. If the lesion was a secondary deposit this has possible implications for the role of fibrin in metastasis in humans.

Topics: Female; Fibrin; Heart Neoplasms; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Middle Aged; Mitral Valve; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Sarcoma; Sclerosis

The early demonstration of immunologic specificity of antibodies and the discovery of tumor antigenic specificity are reviewed in the light of experimental and clinical attempts to use such reagents in the management of cancer. Recent results in regard to tumor antigens and radiolabeled antibody preparations are shown to be practical for experimental diagnosis and therapy and potentially for similar clinical purposes.

Topics: alpha-Fetoproteins; Animals; Antibodies, Neoplasm; Antigens, Neoplasm; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; Colonic Neoplasms; Europe; Female; Fibrin; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulin G; Immunotherapy; Iodine Radioisotopes; Isotope Labeling; Male; Mice; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Rabbits; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Transplantation, Heterologous; United States

Topics: Animals; Cells, Cultured; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Fibrinolysin; Goats; Immunodiffusion; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasms, Experimental; Ovarian Neoplasms; Rabbits; Tosylarginine Methyl Ester

Ovarian tumours obtained at laparotomy were histochemically examined for their local fibrinolytic activity, and simultaneous fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) were determined in the serum. The fibrinolytic activity was confined mainly to vessels of both malignant and benign tumours. A very close correlation was demonstrated between the fibrinolytic activity and the vascularity of the sections. FDP were found in the serum in 13 of 14 patients with malignant tumours, but in none with benign tumours. The difference in occurrence of FDP in patients with malignant and benign tumours might be due to the invasive growth of the former with the entrance of thromboplastic substances, fibrinolytic activators or locally formed FDP into the bloodstream.

Topics: Biopsy; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Plasminogen

Topics: Adult; Ascitic Fluid; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor

Topics: Abortion, Missed; Abruptio Placentae; Blood Coagulation Tests; Collagen Diseases; Erythrocytes; Esters; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinolysis; Fluorides; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Latex Fixation Tests; Leukemia; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pyruvates; Shock; Staphylococcus; Uterine Neoplasms

Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Ovarian Neoplasms

Topics: Adolescent; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor

Fibrin degradation products (F.D.P.) were determined in the serum of 163 women in whom ovarian tumours had been suspected on palpation at gynaecological examination and who were afterwards examined by laparoscopy or subjected to laparotomy. F.D.P. were found in the serum (0.5-30 mg/100 ml) of 23 (72%) out of 32 patients with malignant tumours. Of 131 patients with benign findings F.D.P. (traces to 2 mg/100 ml) were found in six (4.5%), and in most of these the occurrence of F.D.P. could be explained on other clinical grounds. The findings suggest that the examination of F.D.P. in suspected malignant ovarian tumour may be of diagnostic value.Determination of F.D.P. in malignant ascitic fluid showed very high values, ranging between 40 and 350 mg/ 100 ml. This argues for the occurrence of F.D.P. in the blood being due to an extravascular breakdown of fibrin caused by tumour cells, but they may also be due to thromboplastic and fibrinolytic agents from the tumour entering the blood stream.

Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Carcinoma; Cystadenocarcinoma; Cystadenoma; Electrophoresis; Female; Fibrin; Granulosa Cell Tumor; Humans; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Liposarcoma; Mesonephroma; Molecular Weight; Ovarian Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Female; Fibrin; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Diseases; Melanoma; Methods; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue; Ovarian Neoplasms; Sarcoma; Stomach Neoplasms; Thyroid Neoplasms; Tuberculosis

Topics: Aged; Ascites; Breast; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Division; Culture Techniques; Epithelium; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasms; Nylons; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pleura; Rectal Neoplasms