fibrin and Brain-Diseases

Topics: Animals; Brain Diseases; Endotoxemia; Fibrin; Frontal Lobe; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Proteinase-Activated; RNA, Messenger; Thromboplastin; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Cerebral vascular lesions of 26 cases in systemic lupus erythematosus during a period from 1963 to 1978 were examined histologically and the following conclusions were made: 1. The prominent vascular changes of the brain were thrombosis, fibrinoid degeneration, endothelial swelling and proliferation, arteriolosclerosis, and perivascular infiltration of inflammatory cells. 2. From clinico-pathological viewpoints, thrombosis seemed to play an important role in the development of neurological signs. In five cases, characteristic granular or homogeneous thrombi were observed in the small blood vessels including venule. Infarct without proved vascular obstruction but probably due to thrombosis was seen in four cases. The true character of the granular thrombi was not determined, either electronmicroscopically or immunohistochemically. These suggested the presence of a tendency for in situ formation of thrombus. 3. Fibrinoid degeneration seen in four cases mainly affected arterile of less than 50 micrometer in diameter in the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, and brain stem. This change of arteriole did not play a significant role in neurological signs. 4. Endothelial swelling and proliferation of the small blood vessels were prominent in the cases with thrombosis and fibrinoid degeneration. 5. Perivascular infiltration of the inflammatory cells was observed in about one-half of the cases but its significance was not clear.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Diseases; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Cerebral Infarction; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Child; Encephalitis; Endothelium; Female; Fibrin; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Male; Middle Aged

Paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples collected from 81 of 241 patients admitted to a district psychiatric hospital during a six month period were assayed for fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) using a haemagglutination inhibition technique. FDP were found in all serum samples. Fifteen patients (18·5%) had FDP in the CSF (range 0·7-3·75 μg/ml.) and of these 13 (87%) had associated CSF protein abnormalities and 9 (60%) were hypertensive. Mean serum FDP values were the same (4·4 μg/ml.) in patients with and without FDP in the CSF. Three patients had raised serum FDP concentrations but no FDP in the CSF. The evidence suggests that the presence of FDP in CSF indicates recent central nervous system damage. In this series the most common cause was vascular disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Blood Pressure; Brain Diseases; Brain Neoplasms; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Encephalitis; Female; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis; Male; Middle Aged

Fifty-two surviving low-birth-weight infants who had low Thrombotest (Owren) results on the first day, together with the same number of matched controls with higher Thrombotest results, were examined for the integrity of their central nervous system. Gross abnormalities were found in 13.5% of the low Thrombotest group compared with 1.9% in the higher group. Minor brain damage syndromes were more common in the low Thrombotest group. The combined brain damage syndromes were 23.1% in the low Thrombotest group compared with 3.8% in the higher group.It is suggested that the causes of the brain damage in the low Thrombotest group are either non-fatal cerebral haemorrhage or intravascular fibrin deposition associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Topics: Birth Weight; Brain Diseases; Cerebral Hemorrhage; Child Development; Child, Preschool; Fibrin; Humans; Hypoprothrombinemias; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Intelligence Tests; Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis; Neurologic Examination; Prognosis

Topics: Brain Diseases; Brain Edema; Fibrin; Kidney Cortex Necrosis; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Glomerulus; Myocardial Infarction; Necrosis; Pathology; Pulmonary Embolism; Shwartzman Phenomenon; Thrombosis