ferruginol and Disease-Models--Animal

Cardiovascular-related diseases continue to be a leading cause of death globally. Among ischemic-induced cardiac diseases, myocardial infarction (MI) is reported to be of an alarming value. Despite numerous improvements in the medical intrusions, still this armamentarium fails to be effective in managing the illness without setbacks. Ferruginol (FGL) is a major polyphenols and terpenoids with numerous pharmacological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Following, this work was aimed to explore the cardio protective effect of FGL (50 mg/kg) in isoprenaline hydrochloride (ISO)-induced MI in experimental rats. After treatment with FGL in ISO-induced MI in rats, noticeable changes were observed in the experimental rats. Injection of ISO to rats resulted in the augmented cardiac weight, serum cardiac markers (creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, cardiac troponin T, and Cardiac troponin I), lipid peroxidation end products (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance and lipid hydroperoxides), reduced endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione), reduced ATPase activity, and escalated pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and nuclear factor-κB) levels. Interestingly, the FGL supplementation to the ISO-treated rats revealed the diminished heart weight, reduced cardiac markers, and lipid peroxidation. FGL also possessed the improved antioxidants status and diminished pro-inflammatory mediator levels. The outcomes of histological analysis also evidenced the cardio protective role of FGL. Treatment with FGL reduced the cardiac damage biomarkers maintained to near normal levels in ISO-induced rats. These study findings disclose the prospective capability of FGL in the treatment of MI in the future.

Topics: Abietanes; Animals; Antioxidants; Biomarkers; Catalase; Disease Models, Animal; Glutathione Peroxidase; Heart; Isoproterenol; Lipid Peroxidation; Lipid Peroxides; Male; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Superoxide Dismutase; Troponin T

The anti-lung cancer effect of Cryptomeria japonica leaf extractive and its active phytocompound was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo assays.. The anti-lung cancer mechanism was investigated using flow cytometry and western blot analyses, and the antitumor activity was evaluated in a xenograft animal model.. MTT assay indicated that the cytotoxic effects of ferruginol in A549 and CL1-5 cells were dose-dependent. According to the results of cell cycle and annexin V/PI analyses, the sub-G1 population and annexin V binding in the 2 cell lines were increased after ferruginol treatment. The results of western blot analyses revealed that the cleaved forms of caspase 3, 8, 9, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase were activated after ferruginol treatment in A549 and CL1-5 cells. Moreover, the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was decreased, while the expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was elevated, after ferruginol treatment in both lung cancer cell lines. These results indicated that ferruginol acted via a caspase-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the 2 cell lines. Intraperitoneal administration of ferruginol significantly suppressed the growth of subcutaneous CL1-5 xenografts.. The findings of the present study provided insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying ferruginol-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, indicating that this compound may be a potential candidate drug for anti-NSCLC.

Topics: Abietanes; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Apoptosis; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Blotting, Western; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Caspases; Cryptomeria; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Phytotherapy; Plant Leaves; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Carnosic acid (CA) is the main phenolic diterpene of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamiaceae) and presents gastroprotective effect in vitro and in vivo. To determine structure-activity relationships, seventeen esters and ethers of CA were prepared, comprising aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic compounds. The naturally occurring 12-O-methylcarnosic acid (14) was also included in the study. The compounds were evaluated for their gastroprotective activity in the HCl/EtOH-induced gastric lesions model in mice, and for cytotoxicity in human adenocarcinoma AGS cells, Hep G2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and human lung fibroblasts. At 10 mg/kg, some of the CA derivatives (5, 8, 9, 12, 14, and 18) were more effective preventing gastric lesions than the reference compound lansoprazole at the same dose. The dibenzoate 9, diindoleacetate 12, and the derivative 18 showed the best gastroprotective effect combined with the lowest cytotoxicity.

Topics: 2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; Abietanes; Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Antioxidants; Cell Line; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Lansoprazole; Male; Methylation; Mice; Plant Components, Aerial; Plant Extracts; Random Allocation; Rosmarinus; Stomach Ulcer; Structure-Activity Relationship