fenfluramine has been researched along with Aura in 13 studies
Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.
fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
---|---|---|
"Fenfluramine hydrochloride has classically been described as acting pharmacologically through a serotonergic mechanism." | 6.72 | Fenfluramine as antiseizure medication for epilepsy. ( Cross, JH; Gogou, M, 2021) |
"The repertoire of available and developmental therapies for epilepsy is rapidly expanding, and now includes disease-modifying vigabatrin in TSC and agents with extraordinary efficacy, fenfluramine and cenobamate." | 5.41 | Recent advances in pharmacotherapy for epilepsy. ( Klein, P; Pong, AW; Xu, KJ, 2023) |
", soticlestat, fenfluramine, or ganaxolone) have been introduced to the treatment of drug-resistant seizures in Dravet, Lennox-Gastaut, maternally inherited chromosome 15q11." | 5.41 | Genetic Background of Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Treatments. ( Borowicz-Reutt, K; Czernia, J; Krawczyk, M, 2023) |
"To assess the impact of fenfluramine (FFA) on the expected mortality incidence, including sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), in persons with Dravet syndrome (DS)." | 4.02 | Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome. ( Agarwal, A; Ceulemans, B; Cross, JH; Devinsky, O; Donner, E; Galer, BS; Gammaitoni, AR; Gil-Nagel, A; Kothare, S; Lagae, L; Lock, M; Schoonjans, AS; Wirrell, E, 2021) |
"Fenfluramine treatment in DS reduced convulsive seizure frequency by 56% over placebo at the highest dose, with 8% of patients free of convulsive seizures, and 25% with only one convulsive seizure over 14 weeks." | 3.30 | Failure to use new breakthrough treatments for epilepsy. ( Devinsky, O; Klein, P; Krauss, GL; Sperling, MR; Steinhoff, BJ, 2023) |
"Fenfluramine hydrochloride has classically been described as acting pharmacologically through a serotonergic mechanism." | 2.72 | Fenfluramine as antiseizure medication for epilepsy. ( Cross, JH; Gogou, M, 2021) |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 2 (15.38) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 1 (7.69) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 0 (0.00) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 10 (76.92) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Cross, JH | 3 |
Galer, BS | 1 |
Gil-Nagel, A | 1 |
Devinsky, O | 2 |
Ceulemans, B | 1 |
Lagae, L | 2 |
Schoonjans, AS | 1 |
Donner, E | 1 |
Wirrell, E | 1 |
Kothare, S | 1 |
Agarwal, A | 1 |
Lock, M | 1 |
Gammaitoni, AR | 1 |
Sourbron, J | 1 |
Tomson, T | 1 |
Battino, D | 1 |
Bromley, R | 1 |
Kochen, S | 1 |
Meador, KJ | 1 |
Pennell, PB | 1 |
Thomas, SV | 1 |
Pong, AW | 1 |
Xu, KJ | 1 |
Klein, P | 2 |
Krauss, GL | 1 |
Steinhoff, BJ | 1 |
Sperling, MR | 1 |
Borowicz-Reutt, K | 1 |
Czernia, J | 1 |
Krawczyk, M | 1 |
Perry, MS | 1 |
Gogou, M | 1 |
Odi, R | 1 |
Invernizzi, RW | 1 |
Gallily, T | 1 |
Bialer, M | 1 |
Perucca, E | 1 |
Gentsch, K | 1 |
Heinemann, U | 1 |
Schmitz, B | 1 |
Behr, J | 1 |
Davidson, DL | 1 |
Mawdsley, C | 1 |
Campbell, C | 1 |
Munro, JF | 1 |
Löscher, W | 1 |
Trial | Phase | Enrollment | Study Type | Start Date | Status | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZX008 Expanded Access Protocol - Dravet Syndrome Treatment Plan[NCT03780127] | 0 participants | Expanded Access | Approved for marketing | ||||
A Multicenter, 2-Cohort Trial to First Assess the Pharmacokinetic and Safety Profile of a Single Dose of ZX008 (Fenfluramine Hydrochloride) Oral Solution When Added to Standard of Care (Cohort 1), Followed by a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled[NCT02926898] | Phase 3 | 87 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2017-01-27 | Completed | ||
An Open-Label Extension Trial to Assess the Long-Term Safety of ZX008 (Fenfluramine Hydrochloride HCl) Oral Solution as an Adjunctive Therapy in Children and Young Adults With Dravet Syndrome[NCT02823145] | Phase 3 | 375 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-06-08 | Completed | ||
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel Group, Placebo-controlled Trial of Two Fixed Doses of ZX008 (Fenfluramine Hydrochloride) Oral Solution as an Adjunctive Therapy in Children and Young Adults With Dravet Syndrome[NCT02682927] | Phase 3 | 262 participants (Actual) | Interventional | 2016-01-15 | Completed | ||
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024] |
Monthly (28 day) convulsive seizure frequency (CSF) was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). The number of convulsive seizures reported during the entire time interval was divided by the number of nonmissing diary days and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day CSF. (NCT02926898)
Timeframe: 15 weeks (combined Titration + Maintenance Period)
Intervention | Convulsive seizures per 28 days (Mean) |
---|---|
Cohort 2: ZX008 0.5 mg/kg/Day | -3.18 |
Cohort 2: Matching Placebo | -0.65 |
Comparison of the duration of the longest convulsive seizure-free interval (days) during the combined Titration + Maintenance Periods for the ZX008 0.5 mg/kg/day and placebo groups. (NCT02926898)
Timeframe: 15 weeks (combined Titration + Maintenance Period)
Intervention | Days (Median) |
---|---|
Cohort 2: ZX008 0.5 mg/kg/Day | 22.0 |
Cohort 2: Matching Placebo | 13.0 |
Percentage of participants who achieved ≥ a 50% reduction in convulsive seizure frequency from Baseline compared to the combined Titration + Maintenance Periods in the ZX008 0.5 mg/kg/day vs placebo groups. (NCT02926898)
Timeframe: 15 weeks (combined Titration + Maintenance Period)
Intervention | Percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Cohort 2: ZX008 0.5 mg/kg/Day | 53.5 |
Cohort 2: Matching Placebo | 4.5 |
Baseline (Core) was defined as Baseline prior to double-blind treatment in the core studies (ZX008-1501/ZX008-1502, and ZX008-1504 Cohort 2). Participants in 1504- Cohort 1 and de novo participants (who entered 1503 without having been in any of the core studies) did not have a Baseline (Core), and were not included in the analysis of this outcome measure. The total number of convulsive seizures from Day 1 to EOS was divided by the total number of days from Day 1 to EOS with nonmissing diary data and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day convulsive seizure frequency (CSF). The change from Baseline for any individual participant was calculated by subtracting the Baseline (Core) from the post-baseline value. Monthly (28 day) CSF was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: From Day 1 to End of OLE Treatment Period (EOS Visit - up to Month 42), compared to Baseline (Core)
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Median) |
---|---|
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | -6.67 |
Baseline (Core) was defined as Baseline prior to double-blind treatment in the core studies. Participants in 1504-Cohort 1 and de novo participants did not have a Baseline (Core), and were not included in the analysis of this outcome measure. The total number of convulsive seizures from Month 2 to EOS was divided by the total number of days from Month 2 to EOS with nonmissing diary data and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day CSF. The change from Baseline for any individual participant was calculated by subtracting the Baseline (Core) from the post-baseline value. Monthly (28 day) CSF was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: From Month 2 to End of OLE Treatment Period (EOS Visit - up to Month 42), compared to Baseline (Core)
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Median) |
---|---|
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | -7.04 |
Serious Adverse event (SAE) was defined as any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose: • results in death, • is life-threatening threatening, • results in initial inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization, •results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, • results in a congenital anomaly/birth defect, • results in any medically significant event that did not meet any of the other 5 SAE criteria, but which was judged by a physician to potentially jeopardize the participant or require medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the above outcomes listed as an SAE criterion. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: From Day 1 to End of OLE Treatment Period - EOS Visit (Month 42)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | 26.5 |
Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAE) were defined as any AEs that based on start date information occurs after the first intake of study treatment. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: From Day 1 to End of OLE Treatment Period - End of Study (EOS) Visit (Month 42)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | 98.1 |
A TEAE was defined as any AE that based on start date information occurs after the first intake of study treatment. Percentage of participants with TEAEs leading to withdrawal from IMP during OLE Treatment Period were reported. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: From Day 1 to End of OLE Treatment Period - EOS Visit (Month 42)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | 3.5 |
Convulsive seizure frequency over time, reported as per 28 days was analyzed by the actual dose administered. Participants were grouped into low (0.2 to <0.4 mg/kg), medium (0.4 to <0.6 mg/kg), and high dose (>0.6 mg/kg) groups depending on their mean daily doses of ZX008 during the OLE Treatment period. For each participant, the seizure frequency per 28 days was calculated as the number of seizures recorded during the period, divided by the number of days in the period and multiplied by 28. The convulsive seizure frequency was calculated from all available data collected. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: From Day 1 to End of OLE Treatment Period - End of Study (EOS) Visit (Month 42)
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Median) | ||
---|---|---|---|
ZX008 Low Dose (0 - <0.4 mg/kg/day) | ZX008 Medium Dose (0.4 - <0.6 mg/kg/day) | ZX008 High Dose (>=0.6 mg/kg/day) | |
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | 3.94 | 4.80 | 6.00 |
Monthly (28 day) CSF was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. The total number of convulsive seizures in the ith interval (CSF in OLE, where, i=1, 2, 3, … , 14 ) was divided by the total number of days in the ith interval with nonmissing diary data and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day CSF of OLE. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: At Month 1, Month 2, Month 3, Month 4-6, Month 7-9, Month 10-12, Month 13-15, Month 16-18, Month 19-21, Month 22-24, Month 25-27, Month 28-30, Month 31-33, and Month 34-36
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Median) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month 1 | Month 2 | Month 3 | Month 4-6 | Month 7-9 | Month 10-12 | Month 13-15 | Month 16-18 | Month 19-21 | Month 22-24 | Month 25-27 | Month 28-30 | Month 31-33 | Month 34-36 | |
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | 6.53 | 4.67 | 4.67 | 4.36 | 3.82 | 4.04 | 3.11 | 3.42 | 3.42 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 3.21 | 2.74 |
Participants in the study were required to be on stable background therapy for the first 6 months of treatment, after which background AEDs could be reduced or withdrawn so long as one background AED remained. The percentage of participants who had changes in dose or type of concomitant AED medications during the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, and sixth months were analyzed and reported. (NCT02823145)
Timeframe: At Month 1, 2, 3, 4 , 5, and 6 of OLE Treatment Period
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OLE Month 1 | OLE Month 2 | OLE Month 3 | OLE Month 4 | OLE Month 5 | OLE Month 6 | |
Any ZX008 Open Label Dose | 5.2 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 8.3 | 6.8 | 9.6 |
AUC0-24 is the area under the concentration time curve from time zero to 24 hours. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Visit 8 (Day 43): pre-dose, 1, 2, and 4-6 hours postdose
Intervention | nanogram*hour per milliliter (ng*h/mL) (Geometric Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 356 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 1390 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 348 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 1290 |
Total seizure frequency were defined as the combination of convulsive and non-convulsive seizures. Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). Non-convulsive seizures included focal without clear observable motor signs, absence or atypical absence, myoclonic and atonic. The seizure frequency was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. The number of all seizures reported during the entire time interval was divided by the number of nonmissing diary days and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day convulsive or non-convulsive seizure frequency. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Median) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | -4.45 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -7.40 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -22.95 |
Study 3: Placebo | -1.09 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -6.54 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -11.39 |
Non-convulsive seizures included focal without clear observable motor signs, absence or atypical absence, myoclonic and atonic. The number of non-convulsive seizures reported during the entire time interval was divided by the number of nonmissing diary days and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day non-convulsive seizure frequency. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Median) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | -9.38 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -4.85 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -20.06 |
Study 3: Placebo | -0.68 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -0.67 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -4.35 |
Monthly (28 day) convulsive seizure frequency (CSF) was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). The number of convulsive seizures reported during the entire time interval was divided by the number of nonmissing diary days and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day CSF. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | -6.71 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -13.11 |
Study 3: Placebo | 1.54 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -3.54 |
Monthly (28 day) convulsive seizure frequency (CSF) was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). The number of convulsive seizures reported during the entire time interval was divided by the number of nonmissing diary days and the result was then multiplied by 28 to get a 28-day CSF. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | seizure frequency per 28 days (Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | -6.71 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -18.81 |
Study 3: Placebo | 1.54 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -5.89 |
The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) is a pediatric modular measure of health related quality of life (QoL) completed by the parent/caregiver on behalf of the participant. It consisted of 23 items across 4 core scales that measure physical (8 items), emotional, social, and school functioning (5 items each). Each of the responses to the 23 items is initially scored on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (Never) to 4 (Almost always). Scores are linearly transformed to a scale of 0 to 100, where 0=100, 1=75, 2=50, 3=25 and 4=0, and higher scores correspond to better health-related QoL. The Overall Quality of Life is the average of all the items over the number of items answered on all the Scales. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline to Day 99
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | -1.6 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 6.8 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 5.9 |
Study 3: Placebo | 1.9 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 4.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 2.1 |
QOLCE is a low-burden parent/caregiver completed assessment that evaluates how epilepsy affects day-to day functioning of the participant in various life areas, including physical activities, well being, cognition, social activities, behavior, and general health. QOLCE scores items on 16 subscales with possible 5-point response for each, where scores of 5 was best possible response and 1 was worst possible response. Item scores were then transformed to a 0-100 scale as follows: 1-0, 2-25, 3-50, 4-75, 5-100. A score for each participant for each subscale was calculated by averaging that participant's responses to each item in the subscale. Subscale scores per participant were averaged to obtain an overall QoL score for each participant. Higher the subscale and overall QoL scores, better the response. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline to Day 99
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 1.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 0.8 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 5.8 |
Study 3: Placebo | 1.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 6.1 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 5.5 |
The PedsQL Family Impact measured the impact of pediatric chronic health conditions on parents and the family by measuring parent self-reported physical, emotional, social, and cognitive functioning, communication, worry, and family daily activities and relationships. There are a total of 36 items in the PedsQL: 6 items for Physical Functioning, 5 items each for Emotional Functioning, Cognitive Functioning and Worry, 4 for Social Functioning, 3 for Communication, 3 questions for Daily Activities, and 5 for Family Relationships. Each of the responses are initially scored on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 (Never) to 4 (Almost always) and then linearly transformed to a scale of 0 to 100, where 0=100, 1=75, 2=50, 3=25 and 4=0, and higher scores mean better health-related QoL. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline to Day 99
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | -4.4 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 3.9 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 5.4 |
Study 3: Placebo | 1.3 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 0.7 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 6.3 |
t1/2 beta is the elimination half-life. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Visit 8 (Day 43): pre-dose, 1, 2, and 4-6 hours postdose
Intervention | hours (h) (Geometric Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 18.4 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 21.1 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 18.1 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 18.6 |
The longest interval between convulsive seizures was calculated over the entire Titration and Maintenance Period and was derived as the maximum of the number of days between consecutive convulsive seizures. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: During 14 weeks Titration (2 weeks) and Maintenance Period (12 weeks) (average of 99 days)
Intervention | days (Median) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 9.50 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 15.00 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 25.00 |
Study 3: Placebo | 10 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 18.5 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 30 |
Cmax is the maximum observed concentration determined directly from the concentration-time profile. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Visit 8 (Day 43): pre-dose, 1, 2, and 4-6 hours postdose
Intervention | nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL) (Geometric Mean) |
---|---|
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 17.7 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 67.9 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 17.4 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 64.5 |
A convulsive seizure free day was defined as a day for which diary data are available and no convulsive seizures were reported. Convulsive seizure free days were taken from the electronic diary data. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: During 14 weeks Titration (2 weeks) and Maintenance Period (12 weeks) (average of 99 days)
Intervention | seizure free days (Median) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 15.14 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 20.86 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 24.43 |
Study 3: Placebo | 20.20 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 23.36 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 25.33 |
Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). A responder was a participant who experienced a 50% or greater reduction in convulsive seizure frequency per 28 days during Titration and Maintenance Period. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 12.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 38.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 67.5 |
Study 3: Placebo | 6.3 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 45.7 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 72.9 |
Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). A responder was a participant who experienced a 75% or greater reduction in convulsive seizure frequency per 28 days during Titration and Maintenance Period. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 2.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 23.1 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 50.0 |
Study 3: Placebo | 4.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 28.3 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 47.9 |
Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). A responder was a participant who experienced a 100% reduction in convulsive seizure frequency per 28 days during Titration and Maintenance Period. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 7.7 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 7.5 |
Study 3: Placebo | 0 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 0 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 12.5 |
Convulsive seizures included hemiclonic, focal with clear observable motor signs, generalized tonic clonic, secondarily generalized tonic clonic, tonic, clonic, and drop seizures (tonic/atonic). A responder was a participant who experienced a 25% or greater reduction in convulsive seizure frequency per 28 days during Titration and Maintenance Period. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 35.0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 66.7 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 90.0 |
Study 3: Placebo | 27.1 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 71.7 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 83.3 |
Participants who utilized medical center care to treat a seizure during the study were reported. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: During 14 weeks Titration (2 weeks) and Maintenance Period (12 weeks) (average of 99 days)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 22.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 17.9 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 15.0 |
Study 3: Placebo | 12.5 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 19.6 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 14.6 |
Rescue medication was administered according to each participant's usual or prescribed regimen consisting of 1 or more medications. The usage of rescue medication (number of days and number of medications used per seizure episode) was based on electronic diary data obtained for each participant. The number of days rescue medication was taken (normalized to 28 days) was calculated for each participant. Multiple medications taken on the same day were counted once for that day. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline up to 14 weeks [Titration Period (2 weeks) plus Maintenance Period (12 weeks)]
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 77.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 59.0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 45.0 |
Study 3: Placebo | 60.4 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 65.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 47.9 |
The participants who either had SE episode recorded as an adverse event (AE) during treatment or a seizure greater than 10 minutes were reported for each treatment group. Additionally, a single participant who may had more than one episode of SE, and an episode of SE recorded as both an AE and as a seizure longer than 10 minutes was counted as a single event. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: During 14 weeks Titration (2 weeks) and Maintenance Period (12 weeks) (average of 99 days)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) |
---|---|
Study 1: Placebo | 27.5 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 28.2 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 35.0 |
Study 3: Placebo | 16.7 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 19.6 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 25.0 |
Tmax is the time to maximum concentration at steady state. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Visit 8 (Day 43): pre-dose, 1, 2, and 4-6 hours postdose
Intervention | hours (h) (Median) |
---|---|
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 2.90 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 3.00 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 2.90 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 2.90 |
The HADS is a tool that was validated to assess presence of anxiety or depression in an outpatient non-psychiatric population. The HADS a 14-item scale that generates ordinal data for 2 dimensions: 1) Anxiety (7 items), and 2) Depression (7 items). Each item has 4 possible answers rated 0 to 3, of which 0 = No distress and 3 = worst distress. All answers to the items for a dimension with their respective rating are added resulting in a range for each dimension from 0-21, out of which of 0-7 = normal; 8-10=borderline abnormal; 11-21=abnormal. Scores for the entire scale (emotional distress) range from 0 to 42, with higher scores indicating more distress. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: From Baseline to Day 99
Intervention | score on a scale (Mean) | ||
---|---|---|---|
Anxiety | Depression | Total emotional distress | |
Study 1: Placebo | -0.4 | 0.8 | 0.4 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | -0.8 | 0.2 | -0.6 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -0.8 | 0.1 | -0.7 |
Study 3: Placebo | -0.6 | -0.7 | -1.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 0.2 | 2.0 | 2.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | -0.7 | -0.8 | -1.5 |
Duration of single convulsive seizures during the Baseline and the duration over the Titration and Maintenance Period were reported by treatment group using categories as <2 minutes, 2 to 10 minutes and > 10 minutes as collected in the seizure diary. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Baseline and 14 weeks of Titration (2 weeks) and Maintenance Period (12 weeks)
Intervention | percentage of seizures (Number) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<2 min (Baseline) | 2-10 min (Baseline) | >10 min (Baseline) | <2 min (Titration + Maintenance Period) | 2-10 min (Titration + Maintenance Period) | >10 min (Titration + Maintenance Period) | |
Study 1: Placebo | 69.28 | 26.86 | 3.86 | 71.31 | 26.31 | 2.38 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 64.13 | 34.95 | 0.93 | 71.59 | 25.61 | 2.79 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 71.61 | 24.22 | 4.17 | 72.27 | 22.91 | 4.82 |
Study 3: Placebo | 64.21 | 34.83 | 0.96 | 65.84 | 33.74 | 0.43 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 63.90 | 33.66 | 2.45 | 63.45 | 31.34 | 5.22 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 74.11 | 22.78 | 3.10 | 84.67 | 13.71 | 1.62 |
CGI-I scale measures improvement in the participant's clinical status from Baseline. The severity of a participant's condition was rated on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse), as follows: 1-very much improved,2-much improved, 3-minimally improved, 4- no change, 5-minimally worse, 6-much worse and 7-very much worse. The Principal Investigator rated their global impression of the participant's condition during the study. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Visit 6 (Day 15), 8 (Day 43), 10 (Day 71) and 12 (Day 99)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 = Very much improved (Visit 6) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 6) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 6) | 4 = No change (Visit 6) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 6) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 6) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 6) | 1 = Very much improved (Visit 8) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 8) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 8) | 4 = No change (Visit 8) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 8) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 8) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 8) | 1 = Very much improved (Visit 10) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 10) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 10) | 4 = No change (Visit 10) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 10) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 10) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 10) | 1 = Very much improved (Visit 12) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 12) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 12) | 4 = No change (Visit 12) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 12) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 12) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 12) | |
Study 1: Placebo | 5.0 | 12.5 | 20.0 | 40.0 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 30.0 | 30.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 0 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 30.0 | 35.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 30.0 | 47.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 23.1 | 12.8 | 20.5 | 25.6 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 5.1 | 30.8 | 20.5 | 17.9 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 0 | 17.9 | 17.9 | 25.6 | 28.2 | 7.7 | 2.6 | 0 | 12.8 | 28.2 | 17.9 | 28.2 | 10.3 | 2.6 | 0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 17.5 | 25.0 | 20.0 | 17.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 0 | 17.5 | 37.5 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 20.0 | 47.5 | 5.0 | 7.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27.5 | 35.0 | 15.0 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | 2.5 |
Study 3: Placebo | 4.2 | 2.1 | 27.1 | 54.2 | 4.2 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 6.3 | 16.7 | 50.0 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 0 | 4.2 | 10.4 | 12.5 | 60.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 16.7 | 58.3 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 21.7 | 21.7 | 17.4 | 26.1 | 2.2 | 0 | 0 | 17.4 | 10.9 | 26.1 | 34.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15.2 | 19.6 | 26.1 | 28.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8.7 | 28.3 | 21.7 | 28.3 | 10.9 | 0 | 0 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 16.7 | 27.1 | 27.1 | 12.5 | 2.1 | 4.2 | 0 | 29.2 | 31.3 | 14.6 | 8.3 | 4.2 | 0 | 0 | 35.4 | 18.8 | 16.7 | 4.2 | 0 | 2.1 | 0 | 33.3 | 31.3 | 10.4 | 16.7 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 |
CGI-I scale measures improvement in the participant's clinical status from Baseline. The severity of a participant's condition was rated on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (very much improved) to 7 (very much worse), as follows: 1-very much improved,2-much improved, 3-minimally improved, 4- no change, 5-minimally worse, 6-much worse and 7-very much worse. The Parent/Caregiver rated their global impression of the participant's condition during the study. (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Visit 6 (Day 15), 8 (Day 43), 10 (Day 71) and 12 (Day 99)
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 = Very much improved (Visit 6) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 6) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 6) | 4 = No change (Visit 6) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 6) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 6) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 6) | 1 = Very much improved (Visit 8) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 8) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 8) | 4 = No change (Visit 8) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 8) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 8) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 8) | 1 = Very much improved (Visit 10) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 10) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 10) | 4 = No change (Visit 10) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 10) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 10) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 10) | 1 = Very much improved (Visit 12) | 2 = Much improved (Visit 12) | 3 = Minimally improved (Visit 12) | 4 = No change (Visit 12) | 5 = Minimally worse (Visit 12) | 6 = Much worse (Visit 12) | 7 = Very much worse (Visit 12) | |
Study 1: Placebo | 2.5 | 22.5 | 12.5 | 45.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 0 | 0 | 15.0 | 25.0 | 20.0 | 15.0 | 2.5 | 0 | 2.5 | 12.5 | 22.5 | 32.5 | 12.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 20.0 | 35.0 | 17.5 | 7.5 | 0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 17.9 | 20.5 | 28.2 | 12.8 | 7.7 | 2.6 | 0 | 15.4 | 25.6 | 25.6 | 12.8 | 10.3 | 5.1 | 0 | 20.5 | 17.9 | 20.5 | 25.6 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 0 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 15.4 | 20.5 | 15.4 | 7.7 | 0 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 15.0 | 27.5 | 22.5 | 20.0 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 2.5 | 20.0 | 37.5 | 15.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 35.0 | 30.0 | 7.5 | 10.0 | 0 | 0 | 2.5 | 27.5 | 27.5 | 10.0 | 15.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 |
Study 3: Placebo | 6.3 | 2.1 | 25.0 | 45.8 | 10.4 | 2.1 | 0 | 4.2 | 8.3 | 20.8 | 47.9 | 6.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 6.3 | 25.0 | 45.8 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 | 2.1 | 6.3 | 18.8 | 50.0 | 10.4 | 2.1 | 0 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 13.0 | 23.9 | 26.1 | 19.6 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0 | 6.5 | 30.4 | 28.3 | 17.4 | 6.5 | 2.2 | 0 | 8.7 | 28.3 | 26.1 | 26.1 | 0 | 4.3 | 0 | 6.5 | 28.3 | 30.4 | 13.0 | 8.7 | 4.3 | 2.2 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 16.7 | 31.3 | 31.3 | 2.1 | 6.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 39.6 | 29.2 | 14.6 | 6.3 | 0 | 2.1 | 0 | 41.7 | 22.9 | 8.3 | 6.3 | 4.2 | 0 | 0 | 33.3 | 29.2 | 20.8 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
"The EuroQOL-5 Dimensions-5 Levels scale produced by European QOL Group (EQ-5D-5L) health questionnaire is a health-related QOL instrument with 5 dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. The 5 dimensions of EQ-5D-5L health questionnaire were assessed on a Likert scale with 5 possible levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems, and extreme problems. The categories slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems are collapsed into one response category problems. The QOL of the parent/caregiver was assessed and percentage of participants was reported for each item." (NCT02682927)
Timeframe: At Baseline and Day 99
Intervention | percentage of participants (Number) | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mobility- No problems (Baseline) | Mobility- Problems (Baseline) | Mobility- No problems (Day 99) | Mobility- Problems (Day 99) | Self-care - No problems (Baseline) | Self-care - Problems (Baseline) | Self-care - No problems (Day 99) | Self-care - Problems (Day 99) | Usual activities- No problems (Baseline) | Usual activities- Problems (Baseline) | Usual activities- No problems (Day 99) | Usual activities- Problems (Day 99) | Pain/discomfort- No problems (Baseline) | Pain/discomfort- Problems (Baseline) | Pain/discomfort- No problems (Day 99) | Pain/discomfort- Problems (Day 99) | Anxiety/depression- No problems (Baseline) | Anxiety/depression- Problems (Baseline) | Anxiety/depression- No problems (Day 99) | Anxiety/depression- Problems (Day 99) | |
Study 1: Placebo | 33.33 | 66.67 | 40.00 | 60.00 | 25.64 | 74.36 | 28.57 | 71.43 | 23.08 | 76.92 | 25.71 | 74.29 | 48.72 | 51.28 | 48.57 | 51.43 | 74.36 | 25.64 | 65.71 | 34.29 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 52.94 | 47.06 | 45.95 | 54.05 | 41.18 | 58.82 | 43.24 | 56.76 | 41.18 | 58.82 | 32.43 | 67.57 | 41.18 | 58.82 | 51.35 | 48.65 | 61.76 | 38.24 | 67.57 | 32.43 |
Study 1: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 46.15 | 53.85 | 51.35 | 48.65 | 38.46 | 61.54 | 48.65 | 51.35 | 35.90 | 64.10 | 48.65 | 51.35 | 46.15 | 53.85 | 64.86 | 35.14 | 56.41 | 43.59 | 67.57 | 32.43 |
Study 3: Placebo | 40.00 | 60.00 | 52.38 | 47.62 | 22.50 | 77.50 | 30.95 | 69.05 | 25.00 | 75.00 | 30.95 | 69.05 | 45.00 | 55.00 | 76.19 | 45.24 | 60.00 | 40.00 | 69.05 | 30.95 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.2 mg/kg/Day | 54.55 | 45.45 | 51.16 | 48.84 | 36.36 | 63.64 | 34.88 | 65.12 | 39.39 | 60.61 | 25.58 | 74.42 | 51.52 | 48.48 | 46.51 | 53.49 | 63.64 | 36.36 | 67.44 | 32.56 |
Study 3: ZX008 0.8 mg/kg/Day | 28.57 | 71.43 | 46.67 | 53.33 | 22.86 | 77.14 | 35.56 | 64.44 | 20.00 | 80.00 | 35.56 | 64.44 | 51.43 | 48.57 | 64.44 | 35.56 | 74.29 | 25.71 | 73.33 | 26.67 |
7 reviews available for fenfluramine and Aura
Article | Year |
---|---|
Serotonin receptors in epilepsy: Novel treatment targets?
Topics: Animals; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Receptors, Serotonin; Seizures; Serotonin | 2022 |
Breastfeeding while on treatment with antiseizure medications: a systematic review from the ILAE Women Task Force
Topics: Breast Feeding; Cannabidiol; Carbamazepine; Child; Clobazam; Clonazepam; Epilepsy; Ethosuximide; Eve | 2022 |
Recent advances in pharmacotherapy for epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Child; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsies, Partial; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; H | 2023 |
Genetic Background of Epilepsy and Antiepileptic Treatments.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Epileptic Syndromes; Fenfluramine; Genetic Background; Humans; Seizures | 2023 |
New and Emerging Medications for Treatment of Pediatric Epilepsy.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Cannabidiol; Child; Dioxolanes; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Piperidines; Pregna | 2020 |
Fenfluramine as antiseizure medication for epilepsy.
Topics: Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Seizures | 2021 |
Fenfluramine repurposing from weight loss to epilepsy: What we do and do not know.
Topics: Animals; Drug Repositioning; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; | 2021 |
1 trial available for fenfluramine and Aura
Article | Year |
---|---|
Failure to use new breakthrough treatments for epilepsy.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Drug Resistant Epilepsy; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Huma | 2023 |
5 other studies available for fenfluramine and Aura
Article | Year |
---|---|
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Impact of fenfluramine on the expected SUDEP mortality rates in patients with Dravet syndrome.
Topics: Death, Sudden; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine; Humans; Risk Factors; Sudden Unexpecte | 2021 |
Epilepsy in 2020-a new dawn.
Topics: Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Databases as Topic; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy; Fenfluramine | 2021 |
Fenfluramine blocks low-Mg2+-induced epileptiform activity in rat entorhinal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lo | 2000 |
Fenfluramine withdrawal and epilepsy.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Female; Fenfluramine; Humans; Middle Aged | 1975 |
Influence of pharmacological manipulation of inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitter systems on seizure behavior in the Mongolian gerbil.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Air; Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Carbidopa; Disease | 1985 |