fenclonine has been researched along with Seizures in 53 studies
Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.
Seizures: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
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"Convulsive responsiveness of O'Grady mice, inbred for susceptibility to audiogenic seizures, was decreased following treatment with the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan, or serotonin depletor, p-chlorophenylalanine." | 7.65 | Additive effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan and p-chloro-phenylalanine in preventing audiogenic seizures in inbred mice. ( Alexander, GJ; Kopeloff, LM, 1976) |
"In the work reported here, audiogenic seizure susceptibility and brain tryptophan and serotonin concentrations were measured in DBA/2J mice after administration of three doses of L-tryptophan or p-chlorophenylalanine." | 5.27 | Audiogenic seizures and brain serotonin after L-tryptophan and p-chlorophenylalanine. ( Lack, DB; Peters, RI, 1985) |
" Using the kainic acid model of epilepsy in rats, we tested the effects of serotonin depletion on (1) susceptibility to acute seizures, (2) development of spontaneous recurrent seizures and (3) behavioral and neuroanatomical sequelae of kainic acid treatment." | 3.85 | Serotonin depletion increases seizure susceptibility and worsens neuropathological outcomes in kainate model of epilepsy. ( Brazete, CS; Lukoyanov, NV; Luz, LL; Maia, GH; Soares, JI, 2017) |
" As a consequence of this increased 5-HT hyperinnervation, En1(cre/+); Otx2(flox/flox) mice were resistant to generalized seizures induced by the glutamate agonist kainic acid (KA)." | 3.74 | Serotonin hyperinnervation abolishes seizure susceptibility in Otx2 conditional mutant mice. ( Bozzi, Y; Di Giovannantonio, LG; Simeone, A; Tripathi, PP; Viegi, A; Wurst, W, 2008) |
"The effect of the selective 5-hydroxytryptamine1B (5-HT1B) receptor agonist 5-propoxy-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl)-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyridine (CP 94253) and the 5-HT1A/1B/1D receptor agonist 5-methoxy-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridyl)-1H-indole (RU 24969) in maximal electroshock- and pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice was examined." | 3.73 | Anticonvulsant effect of the selective 5-HT1B receptor agonist CP 94253 in mice. ( Chojnacka-Wójcik, E; Nikiforuk, A; Wesołowska, A, 2006) |
"The aim of our study was to analyse the possible implication of the serotoninergic system in the pathophysiology and the lethality of audiogenic seizures induced by magnesium deficiency, either by decreasing cerebral serotonin (5-HT) levels (p-chlorophenylalanine) or by increasing 5-HT levels in the brain (5-hydroxytryptophan, L-tryptophan, nialamide, fluoxetine)." | 3.69 | Effect of various serotoninergically induced manipulations on audiogenic seizures in magnesium-deficient mice. ( Bac, P; Binet, P; Dewulf, C; Durlach, J; Herrenknecht, C; Pages, N, 1994) |
"Fluoxetine, a serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor, has been documented to exert a protective action against convulsive seizures in animal models, when administered either systemically, or focally into substantia nigra." | 3.69 | The anticonvulsant action of fluoxetine in substantia nigra is dependent upon endogenous serotonin. ( Gale, K; Pasini, A; Tortorella, A, 1996) |
"The effect of chronic para-chlorphenylalanine (PCPA) treatment was investigated in two different seizure models: the pentylenetetrazole (PTX) seizure model in rats and the kindled seizures from rabbit amygdala." | 3.66 | Effect of chronic para-chlorophenylalanine treatment on convulsive-seizure reactions. ( Kacz, D; Lazarova, M; Petkov, V; Roussinov, K; Stach, R; Yanev, S, 1981) |
"Convulsive responsiveness of O'Grady mice, inbred for susceptibility to audiogenic seizures, was decreased following treatment with the serotonin precursor, 5-hydroxytryptophan, or serotonin depletor, p-chlorophenylalanine." | 3.65 | Additive effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan and p-chloro-phenylalanine in preventing audiogenic seizures in inbred mice. ( Alexander, GJ; Kopeloff, LM, 1976) |
"The role of brain monoamines in the anticonvulsant effect of imipramine was investigated in albino rats, against maximal electroshock-induced seizures, by using drugs with well-defined effects on brain monoamines." | 3.65 | Role of brain monoamines in the anticonvulsant effect of imipramine in albino rats. ( Bhattacharya, SK; Das, PK; Mukhopadhyay, SN; Reddy, PK, 1976) |
"In the work reported here, audiogenic seizure susceptibility and brain tryptophan and serotonin concentrations were measured in DBA/2J mice after administration of three doses of L-tryptophan or p-chlorophenylalanine." | 1.27 | Audiogenic seizures and brain serotonin after L-tryptophan and p-chlorophenylalanine. ( Lack, DB; Peters, RI, 1985) |
"Both anti-5HT agents shortened convulsion latency in non-stressed animals." | 1.27 | Participation of serotonergic mechanisms in the anticonvulsant effect of stress in mice treated with pentylenetetrazol. ( De-Lima, TC; Rae, GA, 1988) |
"Lidocaine and procaine seizure thresholds were studied." | 1.26 | Alteration of lidocaine- or procaine-induced convulsions by manipulation of brain amines. ( Ciarlone, AE, 1981) |
" Chronic administration of 5-HTP 25 mg/kg and femoxetine 15 mg/kg prolonged the duration of behavioral seizures." | 1.26 | Serotonergic mechanism in seizures kindled from the rabbit amygdala. ( Kacz, D; Lazarova, MB; Stach, R, 1981) |
"hipp seizure developed into motor seizure after establishing secondary epileptogenesis in AM and globys paliidus." | 1.26 | A study of psychomotor epilepsy with "kindled" cat preparations. ( Sato, M, 1976) |
"Correlation between the kindled seizure susceptibility and brain monoamine levels was investigated in the hippocampal and amygdaloid kindled cats." | 1.26 | [Correlation between seizure susceptibility and brain catecholamine levels. An experimental study using a kindling preparation]. ( Mitsunobu, K; Nakashima, T; Otsuki, S; Sato, M, 1976) |
"Reserpine enhanced the incidence of seizures, and the effect was reversed by 5-hydroxytryptophan but not by dihydroxyphenylalanine." | 1.25 | Effects of aminergic drugs and glutamic acid on audiogenic seizures induced by early exposure to ethanol. ( Ginsburg, BE; Sze, PY; Yanai, J, 1975) |
Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 46 (86.79) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 3 (5.66) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 2 (3.77) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 2 (3.77) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
Authors | Studies |
---|---|
Maia, GH | 1 |
Brazete, CS | 1 |
Soares, JI | 1 |
Luz, LL | 1 |
Lukoyanov, NV | 1 |
Tripathi, PP | 1 |
Di Giovannantonio, LG | 1 |
Viegi, A | 1 |
Wurst, W | 1 |
Simeone, A | 1 |
Bozzi, Y | 1 |
de Carvalho, RS | 1 |
Duarte, FS | 1 |
de Lima, TC | 1 |
Wesołowska, A | 1 |
Nikiforuk, A | 1 |
Chojnacka-Wójcik, E | 1 |
Katkov, IuA | 1 |
Munkenbeck, KE | 1 |
Schwark, WS | 1 |
Archer, T | 1 |
Tandberg, B | 1 |
Kästner, I | 1 |
Rougerie, A | 1 |
Seidel, J | 1 |
Koblin, DD | 1 |
Little, HJ | 1 |
Green, AR | 1 |
Daniels, S | 1 |
Smith, EB | 1 |
Paton, WD | 1 |
Ciarlone, AE | 1 |
Stach, R | 2 |
Lazarova, MB | 2 |
Kacz, D | 2 |
Cavalheiro, EA | 1 |
Elisabetsky, E | 1 |
Campos, CJ | 1 |
Lazarova, M | 1 |
Roussinov, K | 1 |
Yanev, S | 1 |
Petkov, V | 1 |
Vocci, FJ | 1 |
Buterbaugh, GG | 3 |
Bac, P | 1 |
Pages, N | 1 |
Herrenknecht, C | 1 |
Dewulf, C | 1 |
Binet, P | 1 |
Durlach, J | 1 |
Pasini, A | 1 |
Tortorella, A | 1 |
Gale, K | 1 |
Browning, RA | 1 |
Wood, AV | 1 |
Merrill, MA | 1 |
Dailey, JW | 1 |
Jobe, PC | 3 |
Yanai, J | 1 |
Sze, PY | 1 |
Ginsburg, BE | 1 |
Georgiev, VP | 3 |
Petkova, BP | 2 |
Avakian, RM | 1 |
Alexander, GJ | 6 |
Kopeloff, LM | 6 |
Sato, M | 2 |
Nakashima, T | 1 |
Mitsunobu, K | 1 |
Otsuki, S | 1 |
London, ED | 1 |
Geiger, PF | 1 |
Ray, TB | 1 |
Woods, TW | 1 |
Mims, ME | 1 |
Wilkison, DM | 1 |
Halpern, LM | 1 |
Roussinov, KS | 1 |
Yanev, SG | 1 |
Thut, PD | 1 |
Myslinski, NR | 1 |
Bhattacharya, SK | 2 |
Mukhopadhyay, SN | 1 |
Reddy, PK | 1 |
Das, PK | 1 |
Hara, S | 1 |
Satoh, T | 1 |
Kitagawa, H | 1 |
Leadbetter, MI | 1 |
Parmar, SS | 2 |
Peters, RI | 1 |
Lack, DB | 1 |
De-Lima, TC | 1 |
Rae, GA | 1 |
Wenger, GR | 2 |
Stitzel, RE | 2 |
Craig, CR | 2 |
Alexander, RB | 1 |
De la Torre, JC | 1 |
Kawanaga, HM | 1 |
Mullan, S | 1 |
Azzaro, AJ | 1 |
Peters, DA | 1 |
Hrdina, PD | 1 |
Singhal, RL | 1 |
Ling, GM | 1 |
Kostowski, W | 1 |
Gumulka, W | 1 |
Cxlonkowski, A | 1 |
Nasello, AG | 1 |
Marichich, ES | 1 |
Picchioni, AL | 1 |
Chin, L | 1 |
De Oliveira, LF | 1 |
Bretas, AD | 1 |
Diaz, PM | 1 |
Wada, JA | 1 |
Terao, A | 1 |
Scholtmeyer, H | 1 |
Trapp, WG | 1 |
Kamat, UG | 1 |
Sheth, UK | 1 |
53 other studies available for fenclonine and Seizures
Article | Year |
---|---|
Serotonin depletion increases seizure susceptibility and worsens neuropathological outcomes in kainate model of epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Susceptibility; Epilepsy; Fenclonine; Hippocampus; Kainic A | 2017 |
Serotonin hyperinnervation abolishes seizure susceptibility in Otx2 conditional mutant mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fenclonine; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampu | 2008 |
Involvement of GABAergic non-benzodiazepine sites in the anxiolytic-like and sedative effects of the flavonoid baicalein in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response | 2011 |
Anticonvulsant effect of the selective 5-HT1B receptor agonist CP 94253 in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzamides; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; El | 2006 |
[Changes in the predisposition of rats to audiogenic seizures by intervention in monoamine metabolism].
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Brain; Disease Susceptibility; Ditiocarb; Dopamine; Fenclonine; Ipron | 1984 |
Serotonergic mechanisms in amygdaloid-kindled seizures in the rat.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Female; Fenclonine; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Kindlin | 1982 |
Effects of acute administration of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine upon the latency and duration of post-decapitation convulsions.
Topics: Animals; Fenclonine; Male; Metergoline; Methoxydimethyltryptamines; p-Chloroamphetamine; Rats; Rats, | 1984 |
[Effects of tryptophan and p-chlorophenylalanine on the epileptogenic cobalt focus in the rat].
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cobalt; Drug Implants; Electroencephalography; Fenclonine; Male; Rats; Sei | 1980 |
Brain monoamines and the high pressure neurological syndrome.
Topics: Animals; Atmospheric Pressure; Biogenic Amines; Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide | 1980 |
Alteration of lidocaine- or procaine-induced convulsions by manipulation of brain amines.
Topics: Animals; Bis(4-Methyl-1-Homopiperazinylthiocarbonyl)disulfide; Brain; Dopamine; Droxidopa; Fenclonin | 1981 |
Serotonergic mechanism in seizures kindled from the rabbit amygdala.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amygdala; Animals; Fenclonine; Male; Rabbits; Receptors, Serotonin; Seizures | 1981 |
Effect of brain serotonin level on induced hippocampal paroxysmal activity in rats.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Brain; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Fenclonine; Hippo | 1981 |
Effect of chronic para-chlorophenylalanine treatment on convulsive-seizure reactions.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Electric Stimulation; Fenclonine; Kinetics; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rabb | 1981 |
Hippocampal seizure discharge produced by systemic digitoxigenin is antagonized by reserpine or p-chlorophenylalanine.
Topics: Animals; Digitoxigenin; Fenclonine; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reserpine; Seizur | 1982 |
Effect of various serotoninergically induced manipulations on audiogenic seizures in magnesium-deficient mice.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Acoustic Stimulation; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Fenclonine; Fluoxet | 1994 |
The anticonvulsant action of fluoxetine in substantia nigra is dependent upon endogenous serotonin.
Topics: 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Convulsants; Fencloni | 1996 |
Enhancement of the anticonvulsant effect of fluoxetine following blockade of 5-HT1A receptors.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cyclohexylamines; Drug Interactions; Female; | 1997 |
Effects of aminergic drugs and glutamic acid on audiogenic seizures induced by early exposure to ethanol.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Drug I | 1975 |
Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on the central nervous excitability threshold and on the activity of some central depressants.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Depression, Chemical; Fenclonine; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Injectio | 1975 |
Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) and p-bromomethamphetamine (V--111) on the central nervous excitability threshold in mice.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System; Depression, Chemical; Drug Interactions; Fenclonine; Male; Methamph | 1975 |
[Role of the striatum in the influence of serotoninergic substances on the course of corazole seizures in rats].
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Female; Fenclonine; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; S | 1976 |
Audiogenic seizures in mice: influence of agents affecting brain serotonin.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Acoustic Stimulation; Amides; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Fencl | 1976 |
A study of psychomotor epilepsy with "kindled" cat preparations.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalogra | 1976 |
The effect of p-bromomethamphetamine (V-111), a selective serotoninergic amphetamine, on the convulsive seizure excitability threshold in mice.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Fenclonine; Imipramine; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Nialamide; Pentyl | 1976 |
Additive effect of 5-hydroxytryptophan and p-chloro-phenylalanine in preventing audiogenic seizures in inbred mice.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination | 1976 |
[Correlation between seizure susceptibility and brain catecholamine levels. An experimental study using a kindling preparation].
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Amygdala; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Cats; Dopamine; Electric St | 1976 |
p-Chlorophenylalanine-mediated decrease in susceptibility to audiogenic seizures in inbred mice.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Depression, Chemical; Fenclonine; | 1977 |
The relationship between magnitude of electroshock stimulation and the effects of digitoxigenin, pentylenetetrazol and brain monoamine reduction on electroshock convulsive thresholds.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Depression, Chemical; Digitoxigenin; Electroshock; | 1977 |
A role for central serotonergic systems in the pattern and intensity of the convulsive response of rats to electroshock.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Digitoxigenin; Electroshock; Fenclonine; Male; Methyltyrosines; Pentylenet | 1977 |
The relative significance of spinal cord norepinephrine and 5-hydroxytryptamine in electrically-induced seizure in the rat.
Topics: 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine; Animals; Desipramine; Electric Stimulation; Female; Fenclonine; Hydroxydopa | 1978 |
Anticonvulsive effect of p-chlorophenylalanine in mice on a low magnesium diet.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Fenclonine; Magnesium Deficiency; | 1978 |
The role of biogenic amines in amygdalar kindling. I. Local amygdalar afterdischarge.
Topics: Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Electric Stimulation; Fenclonine; Male; Methy | 1979 |
On some correlations between adrenergic and serotoninergic mechanisms of convulsive-seizure reactivity.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Ditiocarb; Dopamine; Fenclonine; Male; Mice; Norepinephrine; Pentylenetetr | 1975 |
The role of dopamine and serotonin in the prolongation of post-decapitation convulsions in mice.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Benserazide; Brain; Decerebrate State; Ditiocarb; Dopamine; Fenclonine | 1976 |
Role of brain monoamines in the anticonvulsant effect of imipramine in albino rats.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Apomorphine; Catecholamines; Ditiocarb; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Elect | 1976 |
Suppression of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures by hydralazine associated with 5-hydroxytryptaminergic system in rat brain.
Topics: alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Brain; Fenclonine; Hydralazine; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Methy | 1987 |
Serotonin as a facilitatory neurotransmitter in the anticonvulsant activity of methaqualone.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fenclonine; | 1989 |
Audiogenic seizures and brain serotonin after L-tryptophan and p-chlorophenylalanine.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Female; Fenclonine; Male; Mice; | 1985 |
Participation of serotonergic mechanisms in the anticonvulsant effect of stress in mice treated with pentylenetetrazol.
Topics: Animals; Cold Temperature; Fenclonine; Male; Methysergide; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Pentylenetetr | 1988 |
Prostaglandin D2 inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions in rats by a serotonin-mediated mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Dihydroxytryptamines; Dinoprost; Female; Fenclonine; Male; Metergoline; Pentylenetetrazole; | 1987 |
Mechanism of p-chlorophenylalanine-mediated increase in seizure susceptibility: inhibition by cerebellar ablation.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cerebellum; Fenclonine; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Pheny | 1972 |
The role of biogenic amines in the reserpine-induced alteration of minimal electroshock seizure thresholds in the mouse.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Disulfiram; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Elect | 1973 |
Anticonvulsive effect of p-chlorophenylalanine in audiosensitive mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Fenclonine; Male; Mice; Phenylalanine; Seizures; Serotonin; Sound | 1971 |
Seizure susceptibility after manipulation of brain serotonin.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Aromatic Amino Acid Decarboxylase Inhibitors; Blood-Brain Barrier; Bra | 1970 |
Reserpine-induced alterations in brain amines and their relationship to changes in the incidence of minimal electroshock seizures in mice.
Topics: Animals; Biogenic Amines; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug Combinations; | 1972 |
The role of brain serotonin in DDT-induced hyperpyrexia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Stem; DDT; Fenclonine; Fever; Fluorine; Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; Male; Pargyl | 1972 |
Reduced cataleptogenic effects of some neuroleptics in rats with lesioned midbrain raphe and treated with p-chlorophenylalanine.
Topics: Animals; Chlorpromazine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Female; Fenclonine; Haloperidol; Medulla Oblonga | 1972 |
Effects of some cholinergic, adrenergic and serotoninergic compounds, glutamic acid and GABA on hippocampal seizures.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aminobutyrates; Animals; Atropine; Dibenzylchlorethamine; Female; Fenclonine; Glutama | 1973 |
Role of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine in audiogenic seizure in the rat.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Brain; Cold Temperature; Dopamine; Dose-Response | 1973 |
Effects of 5-hydroxytryptophan, iproniazid and p-chlorophenylalanine on lidocaine seizure threshold of mice.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Synergism; Fen | 1974 |
Interaction of pentylenetetrazol and trimethadione on the metabolism of serotonin in brain and its relation to the anticonvulsant action of trimethadione.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Dose-Response Relationship, D | 1974 |
Susceptibility to audiogenic stimuli induced by hyperbaric oxygenation and various neuroactive agents.
Topics: 5-Hydroxytryptophan; Animals; Atropine; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Fenclonine; Hyperbaric Oxygen | 1971 |
The role of central monoamines in decapitation convulsions of mice.
Topics: Amines; Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Dihydroxyphenylalanine; Dopamine; Fenclonine; Guanethidine; Mal | 1971 |