exudates and Palatal-Neoplasms

Oral cancer is common cancer in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with a low five-year survival rate. It is among the four most common types of cancer in South East Asia region. In South-Central Asia, lip and oral cavity cancer is the second most common cancer according to the specific cancer types.. This scoping review intended to investigate published studies on the current prevalence and incidence of oral cancer in LMICs. The review was conducted applying the search words "Oral Cancer" and "Mouth neoplasm" as the Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) major topic and "Epidemiology" and ("prevalence" OR "incidence") as the MeSH subheading; the search was supplemented by cross-references. Included studies met the following criteria: original studies, reporting of prevalence or incidence rates, population-based studies, studies in English language and studies involving humans.. The sample sizes ranged from 486 to 101,761 with 213,572 persons included. Buccal mucosa is one of the most common sites of oral cancer, associated with the widespread exposure to chewing tobacco. The incidence is likely to rise in the region where gutkha, pan masala, pan-tobacco and various other forms of chewing tobacco are popular.. This review contributes to useful information on prevalence and incidence estimates of oral cancer in LMICs.

Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Areca; Cambodia; Developing Countries; Gingival Neoplasms; Humans; Incidence; India; Lip Neoplasms; Malaysia; Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms; Myanmar; Palatal Neoplasms; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Smoking; Sri Lanka; Tobacco Use; Tobacco, Smokeless; Tongue Neoplasms

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) type B, a less potent transformer of B lymphocytes than type A, has rarely been detected in EBV-associated neoplasms except in AIDS-related lymphomas, in which about 50% of the cases contained this sub-type. In this study we analyzed the association of EBV and the distribution of virus sub-types in Asian non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of the upper aerodigestive tract. We studied archival material of 29 NHL cases from Malaysia. B- and T-cell associated antigens were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry, and EBV early RNA EBER-1 was demonstrated using the RNA in situ hybridization technique. EBV was detected in the majority of tumour cells in 11/13 T-NHL but in only 1/16 B-NHL. EBV was sub-typed by single-step polymerase chain reaction of the EBNA-2 gene. This was successful in 9/10 cases of EBER-1-positive tumours and all contained type-A virus only. Our results showed a preponderance of T-cell lymphoma of the upper aerodigestive tract in the ethnic Chinese group of Malaysian patients, and EBV was strongly associated with T-NHL but not with B-NHL. Our results suggest that type-A EBV is the prevalent sub-type in Asian NHL of the upper aerodigestive tract, similarly to findings in Asian nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antigens, CD; Antigens, Viral; Base Sequence; Child, Preschool; DNA Primers; DNA-Binding Proteins; Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; Female; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; In Situ Hybridization; Incidence; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Oropharyngeal Neoplasms; Palatal Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Retrospective Studies; Trans-Activators

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alveolar Process; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Gingival Neoplasms; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Lip Neoplasms; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Floor; Mouth Neoplasms; Palatal Neoplasms; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Areca; Ethnicity; Female; Habits; Humans; Leukoplakia, Oral; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Nuts; Palatal Neoplasms; Plants, Medicinal; Precancerous Conditions; Sex Factors; Smoking

Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cheek; China; Ethnicity; Female; Gingival Neoplasms; Humans; Malaysia; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Palatal Neoplasms; Sex Factors; Tongue Neoplasms

Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Child; Choriocarcinoma; Female; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Palatal Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Racial Groups; Tongue Neoplasms