exudates and Leukemia--Myeloid--Acute

Studies of survival outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients treated with allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are essential for planning patient care. The objectives of the present study were to determine overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in AML patients treated with allogeneic HSCT, and to identify prognostic factors associated with poor outcome. This study was conducted retrospectively, using data from the Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant, National Transplant Registry, Malaysia. All cases of AML treated with allogeneic HSCT registered at the registry between 1st January 1987 and 31st December 2010 were included in the study. A total of 300 patients were included for final analysis. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression were used for statistical analysis. The overall 10-year OS and DFS for Malaysian AML patients after allogeneic HSCT were 63 and 67 %, respectively. Donor gender, marrow status, and conditioning intensity were identified as important prognostic factors for overall survival, whereas the significant prognostic factors for disease-free survival were ethnic group, donor gender, marrow status, and conditioning intensity. In conclusion, the survival outcomes for Malaysian AML patients treated with allogeneic HSCT were good, and this treatment should be considered the standard therapeutic approach for suitable candidates.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Allografts; Child; Child, Preschool; Disease-Free Survival; Female; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Infant; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Registries; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Survival Rate

Published epidemiological studies of haematological cancers are few. Hereby we present a 20-year epidemiological data of haematological cancers in Sarawak from a population-based cancer registry.. Haematological cancer cases with ICD-10 coded C81-C96 and ICD-O coded /3 diagnosed from 1996 to 2015 were retrieved from Sarawak Cancer Registry. Adult was defined as those 15 years and above. Incidence rate (IR) was calculated based on yearly Sarawak citizen population stratified to age, gender, and ethnic groups. Age-standardised IR (ASR) was calculated using Segi World Standard Population.. A total of 3,947 cases were retrieved and analysed. ASR was 10 and male predominance (IR ratio 1.32, 95%CI 1.24,1.41). Haematological cancers generally had a U-shaped distribution with lowest IR at age 10-14 years and exponential increment from age 40 years onwards, except acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with highest IR in paediatric 2.8 versus adult 0.5. There was a significant difference in ethnic and specific categories of haematological cancers, of which, in general, Bidayuh (IR ratio 1.13, 95%CI 1.00, 1.27) and Melanau (IR ratio 0.54, 95%CI 0.45, 0.65) had the highest and lowest ethnic-specific IR, respectively, in comparison to Malay. The ASR (non-Hodgkin lymphoma, acute myeloid leukaemia, ALL, chronic myeloid leukaemia, and plasma cell neoplasm) showed a decreasing trend over the 20 years, -2.09 in general, while Hodgkin lymphoma showed an increasing trend of + 2.80. There was crude rate difference between the 11 administrative divisions of Sarawak.. This study provided the IR and ASR of haematological cancers in Sarawak for comparison to other regions of the world. Ethnic diversity in Sarawak resulted in significant differences in IR and ASR.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Hematologic Neoplasms; Humans; Incidence; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Malaysia; Male; Multiple Myeloma; Registries

Hitherto, no data describing the heterogeneity of genetic profiles and risk stratifications of adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in Southeast Asia are reported. This study assessed genetic profiles, Moorman's hierarchical classification, and ELN 2017-based risk stratifications in relation to age, gender, and ethnicity in Malaysian adult AML patients. A total of 854 AML patients: male (52%), female (48%) were recruited comprising three main ethnic groups: Malays (59%), Chinese (32%) and Indians (8%). Of 307 patients with abnormal karyotypes: 36% exhibited translocations; 10% deletions and 5% trisomies. The commonest genotype was FLT3-ITD-NPM1wt (276/414; 66.7%). ELN 2017 risk stratification was performed on 494 patients, and 41% were classified as favourable, 39% as intermediate and 20% as adverse groups. More females (47%) were in the favourable risk group compared to males (37%), whereas adverse risk was higher in patients above 60 (24%) of age compared to below 60 (18%) patients. We observed heterogeneity in the distribution of genetic profiles and risk stratifications between the age groups and gender, but not among the ethnic groups. Our study elucidated the diversity of adult AML genetic profiles between Southeast Asians and other regions worldwide.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Chromosome Aberrations; Cytogenetic Analysis; Ethnicity; Female; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; Genetic Profile; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Nucleophosmin; Risk Assessment; Sex Characteristics; Young Adult

Topics: Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Job Description; Job Satisfaction; Laundering; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Occupations; Surveys and Questionnaires; Workplace

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cytogenetic Analysis; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Regulatory Networks; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Male; MicroRNAs; Middle Aged; RNA, Messenger

Mutations of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) receptor gene may promote proliferation via activation of multiple signaling pathways. FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) is the most common gene alteration found in patients diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and has been associated with poor prognosis.. We performed mutational analysis of exons 14-15 and 20 of the FLT3 gene in 54 AML patients using PCR-CSGE (conformational sensitive gel electrophoresis) followed by sequencing analysis to characterise FLT3 mutations in adult patients diagnosed with AML at Hospital USM, Kelantan, Northeast Peninsular Malaysia.. FLT3 exon 14-15 mutations were identified in 7 of 54 patients (13%) whereas no mutation was found in FLT3 exon 20. Six ITDs and one non-ITD mutation were found in exon 14 of the juxtamembrane (JM) domain of FLT3. FLT3-ITD mutations were associated with a significantly higher blast percentage (p-value=0.008) and white blood cell count (p-value=0.023) but there was no significant difference in median overall survival time for FLT3-ITD+/FLT3-ITD- within 2 years (p-value=0.374).. The incidence of FLT3-ITD in AML patients in this particular region of Malaysia is low compared to the Western world and has a significant association with WBC and blast percentage.

Topics: Adult; Amino Acid Sequence; DNA Mutational Analysis; Female; fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Survival Rate; Tandem Repeat Sequences

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and outcome of herpes zoster hospitalised children with cancer in Kota Baru. It was a retrospective review from January 1994 to December 1998. The diagnosis of herpes zoster was a clinical one. Herpes zoster was diagnosed in 10 of 188 (5%) children with malignancy. The most common malignancy was leukaemia. Nine children were treated with acyclovir. No child developed visceral dissemination and there were no deaths.

Topics: Acyclovir; Antiviral Agents; Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Male; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome

The haematological findings and case history of 3 patients with the association of acute myeloid leukemia and translocation involving the long arm of chromosome no. 11 are presented. The recipient chromosome for the translocated material from chromosome 11 differs in all the three cases being namely chromosomes 1, 10 and 17.

Topics: Child, Preschool; Chromosome Banding; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; Female; Humans; Karyotyping; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Malaysia; Male; Translocation, Genetic