exudates and Keratitis

To identify the clinical profile, etiology, and outcome of culture-positive mycotic keratitis in a tertiary referral centre in the Northeastern part of Malaysia.. A retrospective review of all patients with culture-positive mycotic keratitis in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia over a 3-year period, from January 2015 to December 2017.. Mycotic keratitis occurred mainly in males and secondary to ocular trauma. The most common organism isolated was

Topics: Adult; Aged; Cornea; Eye Infections, Fungal; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Fungi; Humans; Incidence; Keratitis; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Tertiary Care Centers; Visual Acuity; Young Adult

To report the predisposing factors, microorganisms, antibiotic sensitivity associated with bacterial keratitis, and treatment outcomes in Miri, Borneo which has a tropical climate.. This is a retrospective study on patients presenting with microbial keratitis in Miri, Sarawak, Borneo over a 7-year period from January 1, 2010 until December 31, 2016. Demographic data, predisposing factors, culture and sensitivity results together with treatment outcomes were studied.. There were a total of 221 cases treated as microbial keratitis with a peak age group of 21 to 30 years. The predisposing factors were trauma (49.3%), improper contact lens usage (29.1%), ocular surface diseases (5.9%), ocular surgeries (0.9%), drugs (1.8%), and other factors (19.0%). Occupational injuries among oil palm plantation workers was the leading cause within the trauma cohort (28.8%). Corneal scraping was performed in 189 cases, 61.4% of them yielded positive cultures. The cultures demonstrated that 49.1% were of bacterial origin, 46.6% were fungal, and 4.3% showed mixed growth. The most common bacteria isolated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was sensitive toward ceftazidime and gentamicin antibiotics. One hundred ninety-two cases (86.9%) were treated with purely topical medication, whereas 29 cases (13.1%) required further interventions.. The commonest predisposing factor for microbial keratitis was trauma. With the nearby oil palm industries, we report a corresponding increase of incidence in fungal keratitis at our center. Culture and sensitivity reports from corneal scrapings are essential in treatment guidance; however, more than a third of the microbial keratitis cases studied were culture-negative. The organisms cultured reflect the profile expected in tropical climates. Fortunately, there was no increase in resistance rates observed for the commonly used antibiotics.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Child; Child, Preschool; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Keratitis; Malaysia; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Sex Distribution; Young Adult

The aim of this study was (i) to assess the antimicrobial effects of contact lens disinfecting solutions marketed in Malaysia against common bacterial eye pathogens and as well as eye parasite, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and (ii) to determine whether targeting cyst wall would improve the efficacy of contact lens disinfectants. Using ISO 14729 Stand-Alone Test for disinfecting solutions, bactericidal and amoebicidal assays of six different contact lens solutions including Oxysept

Topics: Acanthamoeba castellanii; Acanthamoeba Keratitis; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Cellulase; Chlorhexidine; Contact Lens Solutions; Humans; Keratitis; Malaysia; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Streptococcus pyogenes; Trichoderma

Corneal ulceration remains one of the major causes of blindness in developing countries, including Malaysia. Our objective is to determine the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features, risk factors and the aetiology of microbial keratitis in patients admitted to Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM).. All patients with microbial keratitis admitted to our hospital over a 16-month period from January 2004 to April 2005 were included in the study. Sociodemographic data and information pertaining to risk factors were recorded. All patients underwent examination with slit lamp biomicroscopy and corneal scrapings were sent for microbiological diagnosis.. 42 patients were included in the study; 26 were male and 16 were female, with mean age of 44.5 (+/- 20.9) years. History of previous corneal trauma was present in 26 (61.9 percent) patients. Central location ulcers were more predominant (69 percent) than peripheral ulcers. Cultures from corneal scrapings were positive in 29 cases (69 percent). Of those individuals with positive cultures, 23 (79.3 percent) had pure bacterial infection, four (13.8 percent) had pure fungal infection and two (6.9 percent) had mixed growth. The most common bacterial pathogen isolated was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (40.5 percent), followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae (7.5 percent). Fungal pathogens which were isolated include Fusarium spp. (4.7 percent) and Aspergillus spp. (2.4 percent).. Central corneal ulceration is a problem among patients presenting with microbial keratitis in HUSM. It often occurs after corneal trauma. These findings have important public health implications for the treatment and prevention of visual morbidity due to an infective cause.

Topics: Adult; Aspergillus; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Eye Infections, Fungal; Female; Fusarium; Humans; Keratitis; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Pseudomonas Infections; Risk Factors; Streptococcus pneumoniae

One hundred patients (101 eyes) with culture-proven bacterial keratitis were treated in the Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, over a 4-year period. The majority of patients was male (63%), Malay (60%), from the Johor Bahru district (62%) and aged between 41 to 50 years (20%). The ocular predisposing factors were ocular trauma (41 eyes), ocular surface disease (28 eyes) and contact lens wear (26 eyes). The corneal ulcers were mainly large (50.5%), central (59.4%) and colonized by Gram-negative bacteria (78.1%). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (67 eyes), Staphylococcus aureus (12 eyes), Acinetobacter baumanii (6 eyes), Klebsiella pneumoniae (5 eyes), Corynebacterium sp. (3 eyes:) and Streptococcus pneumonliae (3 eyes). Twelve eyes (11.8%) had polymicrobial infection. A good visual outcome occurred in 52.5% of eyes analysed. Prognostic factors for visual outcome include presenting Snellen visual acuity, time to presentation after onset of ocular symptoms, ocular predisposing factor, corneal ulcer location and corneal ulcer size.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Hospitals, General; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Keratitis; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies

Eleven corneal specimens from nine patients with Salzmann's nodular degeneration of the cornea, together with all available clinical information, were collected for this study. The specimens were examined by light and electron microscopy. An antecedent keratitis was diagnosed by history and microscopic findings in every case. The corneal epithelium showed degenerative changes, its thickness varied, and in nodular areas it often consisted of only a single layer of flattened epithelial cells by light microscopy. Bowman's membrane was missing over the nodules, and in this zone there was excessive secretion of a basement membrane-like material. Hyaline degeneration of collagen, cellular debris, and electron-dense hyaline deposits were seen in the collagen of the nodules. The number of fibrocytes in the nodules varied from many that were active to a few that were degenerating. External irritation because of poor epithelial protection was interpreted as a causative factor, although other tissue repair mechanisms may also have played a role.

Topics: Basement Membrane; Cell Membrane; Chromatin; Cicatrix; Collagen; Cornea; Cytoplasm; Epithelial Cells; Epithelium; Eye Diseases; Female; Fibroblasts; Humans; Hyalin; Keratitis; Malaysia; Male; Philippines; Vacuoles