exudates and Jaw--Edentulous

The genial tubercle is a clinically palpable landmark in the mandible and can be identified in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Its location can be used to measure the safe zone in the interforaminal region of the mandible. These measurements may be helpful for implant treatment planning in patients with complete edentulism.. The purpose of this clinical study was to evaluate the safe distance in the interforaminal region of the mandible measured from the genial tubercle level for implant osteotomy in a Chinese-Malaysian population.. A total of 201 Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files were selected for the study from the CBCTs of dentate or edentulous Chinese-Malaysian adult patients with ongoing or completed treatments. Measurements were made with implant planning software. The anatomy of the whole mandible was assessed in the coronal cross-sectional, horizontal view and in panoramic view. Measurements were obtained in millimeters on one side by locating and marking a genial tubercle and then marking the mesial margin of the mental foramen and the anterior loop of the inferior alveolar nerve. The corresponding points of these landmarks were identified on the crest of the mandibular ridge to measure the linear distances. All the measurement steps were repeated on the other side. The linear distance of 2 mm was deducted from the total distance between the genial tubercle and the anterior loop separately for left and right side measurements to identify the safe zone. The mixed 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to analyze side and sex-related variations.. The mean safe zone measured at the crestal level from the genial tubercle site on the left side of the mandible was 21.12 mm and 21.67 mm on the right side. A statistically significant (P<.05) difference was found between the left and right sides of the safe zone measurements in both men and women. No statistically significant differences were found in the safe zone between men and women on either the left or right side (P=.655). The minimum distance from the genial tubercle to the right side safe zone in women was 12.82 mm and 14.99 mm in men; however, on the left side, the minimum distance was observed to be 14.81 mm in women and 15.54 mm in men.. The safe zone related to the genial tubercle was 21.12 mm on the left side and 21.67 mm on the right side, with no significant sex-related variations. Within the same individuals, a significant difference was found in the safe zone between the left and right side.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anatomic Landmarks; Asian People; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Cranial Nerve Injuries; Dental Implantation, Endosseous; Female; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous; Malaysia; Male; Mandible; Mandibular Nerve; Middle Aged; Osteotomy; Young Adult

This study aimed to investigate residual ridge resorption (RRR) of anterior and posterior maxillary and mandibular edentulous ridges, in patients treated with mandibular implant overdentures (IOD) and compare with conventional complete denture (CD) wearers, and to determine at each location, the association of RRR with the occlusal forces distribution and other patients' variables. The anterior and posterior RRR of IOD (six males, 17 females) and CD (12 males, 11 females) groups were determined using baseline and follow-up dental panaromic radiographs (DPT) (mean intervals 4 ± 1·8 years). The bone ratios were calculated using proportional area: anatomic to fixed reference areas and mean difference of ratios between the intervals determined RRR. The ridge locations included anterior and posterior maxillary and posterior mandibular arches. The T-Scan III digital occlusal system was used to record anterior and posterior percentage occlusal force (%OF) distributions. There were significant differences in anterior and posterior %OF between treatment groups. Two-way anova showed RRR was significant for arch locations (P = 0·005), treatment group (IOD versus CD) (P = 0·001), however, no significant interaction (P = 0·799). Multivariate regression analyses showed significant association between RRR and %OF at anterior maxilla (P = 0·000) and posterior mandible (P = 0·023) and for treatment groups at posterior maxilla (P = 0·033) and mandibular areas (P = 0·021). Resorption was observed in IOD compared to CD groups, with 8·5% chance of less resorption in former and 7·8% in the latter location. Depending on arch location, ridge resorption at various locations was associated with occlusal force distribution and/or treatment groups (implant prostheses or conventional complete dentures).

Topics: Aged; Alveolar Bone Loss; Bite Force; Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; Denture Retention; Denture, Complete, Lower; Denture, Complete, Upper; Denture, Overlay; Female; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous; Malaysia; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Middle Aged; Radiography

We investigated the relationship of the maxillary central incisors to the incisive papilla in wearers of complete dentures. First, image analyzer software was used to examine the relationship of the midpoint of the incisive papilla to the labial surface of the maxillary central incisors on occlusal photographs of 120 maxillary casts from dentate Malaysian adults. Then, an Alma denture gauge was used to identify the position of the labial surface of the maxillary central incisors in relation to the midpoint of the incisive papilla in complete dentures from 51 patients who requested replacement dentures at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. The mean incisor distance to the incisive papilla in dentate adults was 9.59 ± 1.00 mm, while the mean incisor distance to the incisive papilla in complete dentures was 6.34 ± 1.87 mm. Thus, in our sample of edentulous patients, the anterior teeth in complete dentures were positioned approximately 3 mm closer to the incisive papilla, as compared with the position of the central incisors in natural dentition, and did not duplicate the position of the natural anterior teeth.

Topics: Adult; Cephalometry; China; Denture Design; Denture, Complete, Upper; Epithelium; Esthetics, Dental; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Incisor; India; Jaw, Edentulous; Malaysia; Male; Maxilla; Palate; Photography, Dental; Tooth, Artificial; Young Adult

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Foreign Bodies; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Jaw, Edentulous; Malaysia; Male; Mandible; Middle Aged; Radiography, Panoramic; Tooth Root

Three epidemiological surveys have been carried out in Malaysia since 1971. All showed a high level of caries prevalence. Ninety per cent of school children between the ages of 6 and 18 suffered from dental caries, with a DMFT of approximately 3 and a dft of approximately 2. Ninety-five per cent of the adult population had caries experience, with the mean DMFT being 13.2. Approximately 55 per cent of children showed the presence of gingivitis with the mean number of inflamed gingival units per child ranging from 1.9 to 2.8, while 72.4 per cent of adults had some form of periodontal disease with 29 per cent having pockets deeper than 3 mm. The OHI-S score for adults was 2.2 and 81 per cent used toothbrushes to clean their teeth. A further 5.1 per cent used twigs and fingers with powdered charcoal or salt. One-third of the child population needed orthodontic treatment, with 0.3 per cent examined in peninsular Malaysia having cleft lip or palate or both. In the adult population 10.4 per cent of those examined required some form of orthodontic treatment. Twenty per cent of the children in the survey were in need of dentures; 54.7 per cent of the adults were either in need of dentures or were wearing dentures. Of these 25 per cent had complete dentures. The smoking habit was most commonly associated with pre-cancerous/cancerous lesions with alcohol consumption a close competitor; 114 adults, that is 1.3 per cent of those examined, suffer from leukoplakia but only one case of oral cancer was detected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Child Health Services; Dental Caries; Dental Health Services; Education; Health Services; Humans; Jaw, Edentulous; Jaw, Edentulous, Partially; Malaysia; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases; Population