exudates and Intestinal-Diseases

Topics: COVID-19; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Malaysia; Pandemics; Parenteral Nutrition, Home; SARS-CoV-2; Tertiary Care Centers

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), among the most common neglected tropical diseases, is a major public health problem in Malaysia with a possible impact on the nutritional status and school participation of rural children. This study was carried out among Aboriginal schoolchildren, living in an endemic area for STH in Malaysia, to determine the possible relationship between intestinal helminthiasis and school absenteeism. We also evaluated whether successful treatment of the infection will affect school attendance among the subjects. Stool analysis revealed that more than 90% of the subjects were infected with at least 1 helminth species, with Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections being most prevalent. Infection of moderate-to-heavy worm burdens, low level of fathers' education and anaemia were identified as the significant predictors of high absenteeism among the subjects (P<0·05). Following treatment of the infected children, it was found that school absenteeism was reduced significantly (P<0·01). In conclusion, STH continues to have significant impacts on public health, particularly in rural communities with a negatively significant effect on the school participation of Aboriginal children. A school-based de-worming programme should be introduced and incorporated in the current educational assistance targeted towards the Aboriginal communities, under the auspices of the government.

Topics: Absenteeism; Adolescent; Animals; Ascariasis; Child; Feces; Female; Helminthiasis; Helminths; Hookworm Infections; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Malaysia; Male; Nutritional Status; Recurrence; Rural Population; Schools; Soil; Students; Trichuriasis

An observational study was carried out to establish the existence of intestinal microsporidiosis among patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms in Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia. A total of 893 faecal specimens from hospitalized patients were examined for microsporidia using a modification of the usual Gram-chromotrope stain technique. One hundred and sixteen (13.0%) patients were positive for microsporidia: 84 (72.4%), 27 (23.3%) and 5 (4.3%) were low, moderate and high excreters of microsporidia spores, respectively. Of the 91 patients with available medical records, microsporidiosis was commonly observed in children aged 0-6 years (26.4%) and adults aged >or=31 years (57.2%). About one-third of this infection was observed in immunocompetent individuals. Among the immunosuppressive group, microsporidia were observed to be more prevalent in patients with haematological malignancy or a combination of malignancy and diabetes mellitus. About 74% of the patients who had microsporidia in their faeces had gastrointestinal symptoms, which could be related to infections or induced by immunosuppressive therapy. The role of microsporidia in causing gastrointestinal symptoms in this population is as yet unclear.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Feces; Female; Humans; Infant; Intestinal Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Microsporidia; Microsporidiosis; Middle Aged; Opportunistic Infections; Prevalence; Young Adult

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Microsporidia; Microsporidiosis

Intestinal protozoa are found in all communities in Malaysia and among all ethnic groups. Prevalence of intestinal protozoa is not affected by ethnicity but by living conditions. Communities with both basic amenities of safe water supply and proper toilets have lower prevalence than those with one or none of the amenity. Cryptosporidium is an important intestinal protozoon in Malaysia and should be included in future field and laboratory studies and also in laboratory diagnosis for pathogens. Much interest will be centered on Blastocystis hominis in future studies in view that it may be a cause of diarrhea.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Chronic Disease; Diarrhea; Female; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Prevalence; Protozoan Infections; Toilet Facilities; Water Supply

One thousand fourteen consecutive large intestines were removed at autopsy from persons over the age of 14 years and examined for diverticular disease. Diverticulosis was encountered in 194 patients (19 percent). The lesion appeared early in life, after the second decade. Men were affected more frequently than women before the age of 60 years. Chinese men had significantly more diverticular disease than Malayan men (P less than 0.01) and Indian men (P less than 0.02). Chinese men also had significantly more diverticular disease than Chinese women. There was a predominance of right colon involvement, with the disease affecting especially the ascending colon and cecum. This pattern was observed in all three major ethnic groups, and in both the Singapore-born and foreign-born Singaporeans. The cause of right-sided diverticulosis is unknown. It appears that, while adoption of the western diet may influence the prevalence of diverticular disease, the site of predilection is determined more by racial or genetic predisposition. All diverticula examined histologically were false, including 39 (20 percent) solitary diverticula. The distribution of solitary diverticula was similar to that of multiple diverticulosis. It is suggested that solitary and multiple diverticulosis are part of the spectrum of the same disease.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Appendix; Autopsy; Cecal Diseases; Cecum; China; Diverticulum; Diverticulum, Colon; Ethnicity; Female; Humans; India; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Large; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Singapore

Topics: Adolescent; Anthelmintics; Child; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Helminthiasis; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Protozoan Infections; Pyrantel; Pyrantel Pamoate; Schools; Sex Factors

A 10-year experience in the diagnosis and treatment of 92 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in Kuala Lumpur is described. Tuberculosis (34 cases) was the most common inflammatory bowel disease of surgical importance. The clinical presentation of tuberculous enteritis and Crohn's disease is similar, though tuberculosis is strongly suggested by associated pulmonary disease and radiological evidence of caecal involvement. The finding of 10 cases each of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis is in keeping with an increased awareness of these conditions in a developing urban society where facilities exist for thorough investigation of diarrhoeal diseases. Amoebiasis sometimes causes a granulomatous lesion simulating carcinoma. Diverticular disease of the colon as known in the West is of very rare occurrence.

Topics: Colitis, Ulcerative; Crohn Disease; Diverticulum; Dysentery, Amebic; Female; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Malaysia; Male; Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Ileum; Intestinal Diseases; Intrauterine Devices; Malaysia; Treatment Outcome; Uterine Perforation

Topics: Animals; Chiroptera; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Intestines; Malaysia; Trematoda; Trematode Infections

Topics: Animals; Echinostoma; Echinostomatidae; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Malaysia; Probability; Research; Rodentia; Swine; Swine Diseases; Trematoda