exudates and Granuloma

Granulomatous skin lesions can have various histopathological features leading to diagnostic confusion. The study aimed to determine the frequency and pattern of different granulomatous skin lesions.. This was a 5-year retrospective study done between April 2017 and March 2022 at Dermatology Department, Sarawak General Hospital. Subjects with a clinicopathological diagnosis of granulomatous diseases were included in the analysis.. A total of 1718 skin biopsies were done during the study periods, with 49 (2.8%) confirmed granulomatous skin lesions. Most patients were aged 40-60 with a male predominance of 51%. Most of the skin biopsy samples were taken from the upper limb (36%). In this study, epitheloid granuloma was the commonest subtype (21, 43%) followed by suppurative granuloma (12, 24%), tuberculoid granuloma (8, 16%) and foreign body granuloma (5, 10%). The commonest aetiology of granulomatous skin lesions in our study was infections (30, 61%) followed by foreign body inoculation (8, 16%). Fungal infection was the most common infective cause, followed by cutaneous tuberculosis.. The major cause of granulomatous dermatoses in developing countries is still infections, fungal and tuberculosis being the leading causes.

Topics: Female; Granuloma; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Retrospective Studies; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Tertiary Care Centers

Topics: Adult; Animals; Fatal Outcome; Granuloma; Humans; Liver; Malaysia; Male; Rural Population; Schistosoma; Schistosomiasis

Tuberculosis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in underdeveloped and developing nations. Manifestations could be nonspecific and may mimic many other conditions, including malignancies. Oesophageal involvement is surprisingly rare despite the high prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis and the close proximity of these two structures. We report two cases of oesophageal tuberculosis; a 73-year-old man with simultaneous oesophageal, stomach and duodenal involvement, and a 45-year-old man with isolated oesophageal involvement. Underlying malignancies were initially suspected in both cases, but they were eventually diagnosed as tuberculosis.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Esophageal Diseases; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophagoscopy; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Granuloma; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tuberculosis, Gastrointestinal

The present study was carried out to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of virgin coconut oil (VCO) produced by the Malaysian Agriculture Research and Development Institute (MARDI) using various in vivo models.. Two types of VCOs, produced via standard drying (VCOA) and fermentation (VCOB) processes were used in this study. Both VCOA and VCOB were serially diluted using 1% Tween 80 to concentrations (v/v) of 10, 50 and 100%. Antinociceptive and anti- inflammatory activities of both VCOs were examined using various in vivo model systems. The antinociceptive activity of the VCOs were compared to those of 1% Tween 80 (used as a negative control), morphine (5 mg/kg) and/or acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg).. Both VCOA and VCOB exhibited significant (p < 0.05) dose-dependent antinociceptive activity in the acetic acid-induced writhing test. Both VCOs also exerted significant (p < 0.05) antinociceptive activity in both phases of the formalin and hot-plate tests. Interestingly, the VCOs exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in an acute (carrageenan-induced paw edema test), but not in a chronic (cotton-pellet-induced granuloma test) model of inflammation.. The MARDI-produced VCOs possessed antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Further studies are needed to confirm these observations.

Topics: Abdomen; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Coconut Oil; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Granuloma; Malaysia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Muscle Contraction; Pain; Pain Measurement; Phytotherapy; Plant Oils; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Granulomatous mastitis is a rare condition of the breast that can mimic a carcinoma. There are characteristic histological features, the most important of which is a predominantly lobular inflammatory process. It must be differentiated from known causes of granulomatous inflammation, such as tuberculosis.. In the present paper, the clinical and pathological features of 16 patients with granulomatous mastitis seen over a 3-year period in the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, are described.. A clinical suspicion of malignancy was present in 10 cases. One of the patients was nulliparous. One had an associated hyperprolactinaemia, while two had systemic lupus erythromatosis. One of the patients was pregnant at the time of presentation. Four patients had localized lumps excised, five were treated conservatively because the lesion was too extensive to resect, and seven patients required drainage procedures for abscess formation.. Awareness of this condition is important because it mimics a carcinoma, and surgery may not be the best treatment for recurrent disease.

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Cytodiagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Malaysia; Mastitis; Pregnancy

Topics: Adult; Erythema Nodosum; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Leprosy, Lepromatous; Malaysia; Male; Neutrophils; Skin

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a clinico-pathological entity that is gaining awareness amongst urologists worldwide. It is an unusual chronic inflammatory lesion involving the kidney that destroys renal parenchyma and may mimic renal carcinoma. It is usually seen in middle-aged women and is associated with urinary tract infections and urinary calculi. Most reports and reviews of this condition come from the West; this study reviews the incidence and presentation of the condition in a Malaysian population.

Topics: Adult; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Pyelonephritis; Retrospective Studies; Time Factors; Urinary Calculi; Urinary Tract Infections; Xanthomatosis

A patient with a solitary intracranial cryptococcoma of the occipital lobe of the brain and a concomitant granuloma of similar aetiology in the breast is reported. Despite resistance of the causative fungus to 5-fluorocytosine in vitro, the patient responded well to radical excisional surgery and therapy with 5-fluorocytosine.

Topics: Adolescent; Brain Diseases; Breast Diseases; Cryptococcosis; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Malaysia

Splenic nodules from 38 cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) which were captured in Malaysia and Indonesia were studied histologically. The lesions were characterized by well-circumscribed focal fibrosis, accumulation of eosinophils and histiocytes, hemorrhage or hemosiderosis, and loss of normal splenic architecture. Small arteries in the lesion frequently had intimal thickening and narrowing of the lumen in addition to the presence of microfilariae. Microfilariae were also seen in the extravascular area of the lesion, and were occasionally engulfed by multinucleated giant cells. The splenic lesion was thought to have been initiated by incomplete infarction caused by intimal thickening and microfilarial occupation of the small arteries.

Topics: Animals; Female; Granuloma; Indonesia; Macaca; Macaca fascicularis; Malaysia; Male; Microfilariae; Monkey Diseases; Nematode Infections; Species Specificity; Splenic Diseases

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Arthropods; Asian People; Child; Child, Preschool; Congo; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intestines; Liver; Lung; Malaysia; Male; Mesentery; Middle Aged; Parasites; Parasitic Diseases; Snakes; Water Microbiology