exudates and Dental-Enamel-Hypoplasia

Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a condition of hypomineralized enamel of systemic origin affecting first permanent molars and frequently permanent incisors. It is considered a global problem and data from South-East Asian countries, including Malaysia are lacking. Hence the aim of this study were to investigate the distribution and severity of MIH in a group of children aged 7-12 year olds attending pediatric dental clinic at Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia.. Hundred and fifty four children age 7-12 year-old with mean age of 9.14 ±1.682 had their first permanent molars and permanent incisors were examined at Faculty of Dentistry, UiTM using European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry 2003 (EAPD) criteria for diagnosis of MIH. Children at least one first permanent molar affected were considered as having MIH. Data were recorded and statistically analysed using descriptive analysis and Chi square test.. Twenty six of the total examined children (n=154) had MIH (16.9%). There was no statistical difference between males and females in the prevalence of MIH. However, a statistical significant difference was found by age groups. The first permanent molars were more frequently affected (58%) as compared to permanent incisors. Mandibular molars were to have the highest rate of MIH (15.5%). The right and left sides were equally affected. Mild defects were the most frequent lesion type (96.6%).. This study revealed that MIH is a common condition (16.9%). Molars were more frequently affected than incisors with mild defects were the most common lesion status. Further studies on this defect amongst Malaysian children are worthwhile.

Topics: Age Factors; Child; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Female; Humans; Incisor; Malaysia; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Molar; Prevalence

Molar-incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a global dental problem, yet little is known about the knowledge of the general dental practitioners (GDPs) and dental nurses (DNs) regarding this defect in South East Asia.. To assess and compare the knowledge of the GDPs and DNs in Malaysia regarding the frequency of occurrence of MIH within their practice, its diagnosis, putative aetiological factors and management.. A questionnaire was distributed to GDPs and DNs during a nationwide dental conference in Melaka, Malaysia and who were asked to answer questions about demographic variables, knowledge, attitudes and practices in the management of MIH.. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were performed. A 5% level of statistical significance was applied for the analyses.. A response rate of 58.2% (131/225) was obtained. Most respondents were aware of MIH and encountered it in their practice (GDPs = 82.5%, DNs = 82.4%). The condition was observed by respondents less in primary molars compared to first permanent molars. Full agreement between GDPs and DNs did not exist concerning the aetiological factors and management of MIH. Glass ionomer cements were the most popular material used in treating MIH. Most respondents (GDPs = 93%, DNs = 76.5%) indicated that they had not received sufficient information about MIH and were willing to have clinical training in the diagnosis and therapeutic modalities of MIH.. MIH is identified and encountered by most respondents. Agreement did not exist between GDPs and DNs concerning MIH frequency of occurrence within their practice, its diagnosis, aetiological factors and management.

Topics: Adult; Attitude of Health Personnel; Cariostatic Agents; Child; Dental Assistants; Dental Care for Children; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentists; Education, Dental; Female; General Practice, Dental; Glass Ionomer Cements; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Molar; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Tooth, Deciduous; Young Adult

To determine the prevalence, distribution, severity and treatment need of enamel opacities among 11-12 year-old school children in a fluoridated urban community.. A cross-sectional descriptive survey of enamel opacities in 11-12 year-old schoolchildren.. A questionnaire survey and a clinical examination of erupted teeth using the Modified DDE Index was conducted on schoolchildren in randomly selected schools.. 957 schoolchildren from government schools in Kuala Lumpur comprising the three major ethnic groups of Malay, Chinese and Indian children.. The severity of enamel opacities was assessed by the extent of buccal surface involvement. Normative treatment need was based on severity of opacities.. Enamel opacities were found in 90.7% of subjects and 47.2% of teeth. Malays have the highest prevalence with Chinese the least. Although ethnic differences is statistically significant (p < 0.01), the differences in prevalence between ethnicity is small. The most common type of defect was "diffuse opacities" (88.6% of subjects). Most subjects (70%) showed bilateral distribution of diffuse opacities indicating a systemic disturbance. Posterior teeth were twice more commonly affected (p < 0.05). The majority of opacities in anterior teeth (66.7%) were minor, involving less than 1/3 of the labial surface. Only 0.6% of the whole sample required some form of aesthetic intervention.. Despite the high prevalence of enamel opacities, the degree of severity is very mild with only minimal aesthetic and public health concern.

Topics: Child; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Enamel; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Ethnicity; Female; Humans; India; Malaysia; Male; Needs Assessment; Prevalence; Tooth Crown; Urban Health

The aim of the present study was to determine the oral health status of 16-year-old Malaysian school children. The prevalence of caries was 75.5%. More than 60% of subjects had caries experience by teeth (DMFT) scores of 0-3. The largest component of the DMFT and caries experience by surface index was the filled component. Females had higher caries prevalence and caries scores than males. The mouth and tooth prevalences of enamel defects were 56% and 21.8%, respectively. The most common type of enamel defects observed were diffuse opacities, affecting 95.5% of affected subjects and 92.1% of affected teeth. One-third of subjects had healthy gingival conditions, 8.6% had bleeding gingivae, 55.1% had calculus and 3% had pockets. Less than 1% of subjects wore or required dentures. Cleft lip and/or palate was uncommon. This study shows that the prevalence of caries and DMFT scores have declined over the last 30 years.

Topics: Adolescent; Dental Caries; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; DMF Index; Female; Humans; Incisor; Malaysia; Male; Oral Health; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Index; Prevalence; Tooth Fractures

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and psychosocial impact of enamel defects among 16-year-old school children on the island of Penang. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey and an oral examination, using the Modified Developmental Defects of Enamel Index (FDI, 1992). In all, 1024 subjects were selected using a multistage random sampling technique. About two-thirds of the sample (67.1%) had at least one tooth affected by enamel defects. Enamel opacities accounted for 85.6% of the total condition. Diffuse-type opacity predominated (63.5%). Among subjects who expressed dissatisfaction, 18.8% reported covering their mouths when smiling, 8.7% avoided going out with friends and 39.1% had consulted their dentists. About 17% of the subjects reported that their parents had complained about the color of their front teeth but only 5.7% had experienced being teased by their friends about the problem. Two-thirds of the subjects were affected by enamel defects involving at least one tooth; however, the esthetic perception and psychosocial impact of those affected were minor.

Topics: Adolescent; Body Image; Chi-Square Distribution; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Enamel Hypoplasia; Esthetics, Dental; Female; Fluorosis, Dental; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Logistic Models; Malaysia; Male; Personal Satisfaction; Prevalence; Psychology, Adolescent; Sampling Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires