etifoxine and Brain-Infarction

Cerebral ischemia is a leading cause of death and disability with limited treatment options. Although inflammatory and immune responses participate in ischemic brain injury, the molecular regulators of neuroinflammation after ischemia remain to be defined. Translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO) mainly localized to the mitochondrial outer membrane is predominantly expressed in glia within the central nervous system during inflammatory conditions. This study investigated the effect of a TSPO agonist, etifoxine, on neuroinflammation and brain injury after ischemia/reperfusion.. We used a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to examine the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of neuroprotection by etifoxine.. TSPO was upregulated in Iba1. These findings indicate that the TSPO agonist, etifoxine, reduces neuroinflammation and brain injury after ischemia/reperfusion. The therapeutic potential of targeting TSPO requires further investigations in ischemic stroke.

Topics: Animals; Brain Edema; Brain Infarction; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Administration Schedule; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression Regulation; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Mice; Microglia; Neurologic Examination; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxazines; Receptors, GABA; Reperfusion Injury; RNA, Messenger; Time Factors; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha