ethosuximide and Seizures studies

Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.
ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.

Seizures: Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"To review the evidence for the effects of ethosuximide, valproate and lamotrigine as treatments for children and adolescents with absence seizures (AS), when compared with placebo or each other."	9.12	Ethosuximide, sodium valproate or lamotrigine for absence seizures in children and adolescents. ( Brigo, F; Igwe, SC; Lattanzi, S, 2021)
"The goal of our study was to examine the long-term effect of vigabatrin (VGB), a γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibitor on clonazepam (CLO), ethosuximide (ETX) and valproate (VPA) anticonvulsive activity against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice."	7.96	Long-term vigabatrin treatment modifies pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: focused on GABA brain concentration. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Krzyżanowski, M; Świąder, K; Świąder, MJ; Wróbel, A; Zakrocka, I; Łuszczki, JJ, 2020)
" We studied the potential anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide: Different doses of thalidomide were tested against seizures induced by 50 mg/kg or 70 mg/kg of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ); the anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide was also compared with that of valproic acid."	7.74	Thalidomide inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. ( Calderon, A; Palencia, G; Sotelo, J, 2007)
"Isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the interactions between loreclezole (LCZ) and clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and in producing acute neurotoxic adverse effects in the chimney test in mice so as to identify optimum combinations."	7.73	Pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic characteristics of interactions between loreclezole and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: an isobolographic analysis. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2005)
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of interactions between FBM and four conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ESM), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA), in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice, a model of myoclonic seizures in humans."	7.72	Isobolographic and subthreshold analysis of interactions among felbamate and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. ( Borowicz, KK; Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ, 2004)
"The efficacy of Flunarizine (FLU), a calcium channel blocker, in combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), sodium valproate (VPA), and ethosuximide (ESM), at ED50 doses, were examined for protective effects against maximal electroshock seizures (MES) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizures in mice."	7.70	Additive anticonvulsant effect of flunarizine and sodium valproate on electroshock and chemoshock induced seizures in mice. ( David, J; Joseph, S; Joseph, T, 1998)
"The action of ethosuximide (125 or 250 mg/kg, IP) against picrotoxin-induced seizures (3-6 mg/kg, IP) was assessed in rats 12, 18, 25, and 90 days old."	7.68	Ethosuximide suppresses seizures and lethality induced by picrotoxin in developing rats. ( Mares, P; Micianiková, D; Rokyta, R; Velísek, L; Velísková, J, 1993)
"Clinical trials for typical absence seizures are notoriously difficult, because those seizures are clinically subtle and brief, so that seizure counts by caregivers are inaccurate."	5.91	Efficacy of highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) in typical absence seizures: A pilot study. ( Azevedo, M; Benbadis, SR, 2023)
"Lacosamide (LCM) is a new generation antiepileptic drug that affects the slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels."	5.72	The effect of chronic treatment with sodium channel blocker lacosamide on early development of absence seizures in genetic absence epilepsy rats. ( Akat, Ş; Akman, Ö; Çarçak, N; Karanfil, C; Onat, F, 2022)
"Intrathecal administration of antiseizure drugs (ASDs) e."	5.72	Intrathecal application of ethosuximide is highly efficient in suppressing seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. ( Buschhoff, AS; de Mooij-van Malsen, JG; Scherließ, R; Schiffelholz, T; Stephani, U; Wulff, P, 2022)
"The latency, frequency and duration of seizures evaluated using EEG recordings from the frontal and parietal cortices of rats showed significant changes demonstrating the inhibition of paroxystic activity."	5.62	Anticonvulsant activity of Valeriana edulis roots and valepotriates on the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. ( Contreras-Murillo, G; González-Trujano, ME; Hidalgo-Flores, FJ; López-Najera, CA; Magdaleno-Madrigal, VM; Navarrete-Castro, A; Sánchez, CG, 2021)
" As adjunctive therapies, topiramate ranked best for GTCA as well as overall for IGEs, while levetiracetam ranked best for myoclonic seizures."	5.41	Antiseizure medications for idiopathic generalized epilepsies: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. ( Chu, H; Shi, J; Yang, X; Zhang, X; Zhou, Z, 2023)
"Acute seizures frequently occur following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have been associated with poor patient prognosis."	5.39	Ethosuximide and phenytoin dose-dependently attenuate acute nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury in rats. ( Lu, XC; Marcsisin, SR; Melendez, V; Mountney, A; Potter, B; Shear, DA; Sousa, J; Tortella, FC, 2013)
"Seizures were detected by continuous electroencephalographic monitoring for 24 h following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo)."	5.33	Evaluation of gabapentin and ethosuximide for treatment of acute nonconvulsive seizures following ischemic brain injury in rats. ( Bautista, CC; Chen, RW; Dave, JR; Hartings, JA; Lu, XC; Tortella, FC; Williams, AJ, 2006)
"Nifedipine was found to have anticonvulsant activity in both models but flunarizine only had an anticonvulsant effect in the PTZ seizure incidence/latency test."	5.29	Protective effect of flunarizine and nifedipine alone and in combination with anticonvulsant drugs against PTZ-induced seizures in mice. ( Pleuvry, BJ; Rodger, C, 1993)
"Ethosuximide was reliably effective against metrazol only in adult rats; in young animals it did not significantly change CD50s."	5.27	Influence of ethosuximide on metrazol-induced seizures during ontogenesis in rats. ( Mares, P; Velísek, L, 1983)
"Cannabidiol was effective in blocking convulsions when given concurrently with, but not prior to delta9THC."	5.26	Anticonvulsant drug antagonism of delta9tetrahydrocannabinol-induced seizures in rabbits. ( Consroe, P; Eisenstein, D; Martin, P, 1977)
"To review the evidence for the effects of ethosuximide, valproate and lamotrigine as treatments for children and adolescents with absence seizures (AS), when compared with placebo or each other."	5.12	Ethosuximide, sodium valproate or lamotrigine for absence seizures in children and adolescents. ( Brigo, F; Igwe, SC; Lattanzi, S, 2021)
" The treatment of choice for CAE with absence seizures only is ethosuximide."	5.01	A Practical Guide to Treatment of Childhood Absence Epilepsy. ( Kessler, SK; McGinnis, E, 2019)
" Importantly, the isobolographic analysis showed that a combination of AS-1 and valproic acid (VPA) at the fixed ratio of 1:1 displayed a supra-additive (synergistic) interaction against PTZ-induced seizures in mice."	3.96	N-Benzyl-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide (AS-1) with Hybrid Structure as a Candidate for a Broad-Spectrum Antiepileptic Drug. ( Abram, M; Andres-Mach, M; Esguerra, CV; Gawel, K; Jakubiec, M; Kamiński, K; Latacz, G; Lubelska, A; Nieoczym, D; Pieróg, M; Rapacz, A; Socała, K; Szewczyk, A; Szulczyk, B; Wlaź, P; Zagaja, M; Łuszczki, JJ, 2020)
"The goal of our study was to examine the long-term effect of vigabatrin (VGB), a γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibitor on clonazepam (CLO), ethosuximide (ETX) and valproate (VPA) anticonvulsive activity against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice."	3.96	Long-term vigabatrin treatment modifies pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: focused on GABA brain concentration. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Krzyżanowski, M; Świąder, K; Świąder, MJ; Wróbel, A; Zakrocka, I; Łuszczki, JJ, 2020)
" ethosuximide), using specific protocols, prevent the development of spontaneous absence seizures."	3.91	Antiepileptogenic effects of Ethosuximide and Levetiracetam in WAG/Rij rats are only temporary. ( Caro, C; Citraro, R; Constanti, A; Iannone, M; Leo, A; Nesci, V; Palma, E; Russo, E; Sarro, G; Tallarico, M, 2019)
" The initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice (ip) using the 'classical' maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) tests as well as in the six-Hertz (6Hz) model of pharmacoresistant limbic seizures."	3.83	New hybrid molecules with anticonvulsant and antinociceptive activity derived from 3-methyl- or 3,3-dimethyl-1-[1-oxo-1-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-2-yl]pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. ( Abram, M; Andres-Mach, M; Kamiński, K; Obniska, J; Rapacz, A; Zagaja, M; Łuszczki, JJ, 2016)
" This compound was effective in delaying onset of PTZ-evoked seizures at the dose of 5mg/kg in kindled animals and significantly reduced oxidative stress better than standard drug phenobarbital (PB)."	3.81	Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N-[4-(4-(alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl)-piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl]-carbamic acid ethyl ester derivatives as novel anticonvulsant agents. ( Kumari, S; Mishra, CB; Tiwari, M, 2015)
" Here, we expand on these findings to test whether ethosuximide can reduce the sensitivity to pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures during ethanol withdrawal."	3.81	Ethosuximide Reduces Mortality and Seizure Severity in Response to Pentylenetetrazole Treatment During Ethanol Withdrawal. ( Godwin, DW; Masicampo, ML; Riegle, MA; Shan, HQ; Xu, V, 2015)
" We report that, among a spectrum of in vivo activities, both 15b and 15c displayed significant activity against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures."	3.80	Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of new GABA uptake inhibitors, derivatives of 4-aminobutanamides. ( Filipek, B; Höfner, GC; Kowalczyk, P; Kulig, K; Mucha, M; Podkowa, A; Rapacz, A; Sałat, K; Wanner, KT, 2014)
"The natural compounds carvacrol and thymol completely prevented seizures in the 6 Hz, 32 mA partial seizure model."	3.80	Seizure prevention by the naturally occurring phenols, carvacrol and thymol in a partial seizure-psychomotor model. ( Baker, MT; Mishra, RK, 2014)
"It was the aim of this study to determine the potential effect of walnut kernel extract (WKE) on experimentally induced seizures in rats and to evaluate the role of benzodiazepines and ethosuximide (ESM) within these pathways."	3.80	Potential mechanisms involved in the anticonvulsant effect of walnut extract on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure. ( Asadi-Shekaari, M; Eslami, A; Joukar, S; Kalantaripour, T, 2014)
" Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice (ip) using the maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizures tests."	3.79	Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new N-Mannich bases derived from 3-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-diones. ( Chlebek, I; Kamiński, K; Obniska, J; Rzepka, S; Wiklik, B, 2013)
" We aimed to evaluate the anticonvulsant effect of the essential oil and methanolic extract of the plant on chemical and electrically seizures."	3.79	Anticonvulsant effect of the essential oil and methanolic extracts of Zataria multiflora Boiss. ( Abdar, M; Mandegary, A; Sharififar, F, 2013)
"Ethosuximide (ESX) is a drug of choice for the symptomatic treatment of absence seizures."	3.79	Ethosuximide reduces epileptogenesis and behavioral comorbidity in the GAERS model of genetic generalized epilepsy. ( Blumenfeld, H; Dezsi, G; Jones, NC; O'Brien, TJ; Ozturk, E; Powell, KL; Stanic, D, 2013)
" Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice after intraperitoneal administration in the maximal electroshock seizure test (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole seizures test (scPTZ)."	3.78	Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of new N-Mannich bases derived from 3-(2-fluorophenyl)- and 3-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. Part II. ( Kamiński, K; Obniska, J; Rzepka, S, 2012)
" However, zonisamide- and carbamazepine-treated animals had IT values similar to those of controls, but only zonisamide significantly decreased absence seizure development."	3.77	Effects of early long-term treatment with antiepileptic drugs on development of seizures and depressive-like behavior in a rat genetic absence epilepsy model. ( Citraro, R; Constanti, A; De Fazio, S; De Sarro, G; Di Paola, ED; Perrota, I; Perrotta, I; Russo, E; Scicchitano, F, 2011)
" Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed using intraperitoneal (ip) maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizures tests."	3.76	Design, synthesis, and anticonvulsant activity of new N-Mannich bases derived from spirosuccinimides and spirohydantoins. ( Byrtus, H; Kamiński, K; Karolak-Wojciechowska, J; Obniska, J; Pawłowski, M; Szczesio, M, 2010)
"This study was designed so as to characterize the interactions between levetiracetam (LEV) and the conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice by use of type II isobolographic analysis."	3.75	Isobolographic characterization of the anticonvulsant interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model. ( Andres-Mach, MM; Czuczwar, SJ; Dudra-Jastrzebska, M; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2009)
"The aim of this study was to characterize the interaction between tiagabine (TGB) and ethosuximide (ETS), two antiepileptic drugs, in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice using isobolographic analysis."	3.74	Interactions of tiagabine with ethosuximide in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model: an isobolographic analysis for non-parallel dose-response relationship curves. ( Luszczki, JJ, 2008)
" We studied the potential anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide: Different doses of thalidomide were tested against seizures induced by 50 mg/kg or 70 mg/kg of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ); the anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide was also compared with that of valproic acid."	3.74	Thalidomide inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. ( Calderon, A; Palencia, G; Sotelo, J, 2007)
"Isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the interactions between stiripentol (STP) and clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice."	3.73	Characterization of the anticonvulsant, behavioral and pharmacokinetic interaction profiles of stiripentol in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, and valproate using isobolographic analysis. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2006)
"Isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the interactions between loreclezole (LCZ) and clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and in producing acute neurotoxic adverse effects in the chimney test in mice so as to identify optimum combinations."	3.73	Pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic characteristics of interactions between loreclezole and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: an isobolographic analysis. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2005)
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of interactions between FBM and four conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ESM), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA), in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice, a model of myoclonic seizures in humans."	3.72	Isobolographic and subthreshold analysis of interactions among felbamate and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. ( Borowicz, KK; Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ, 2004)
"This study investigates anticonvulsant effects of an essential oil of the fruits of Pimpinella anisum (Umbelliferae), a folkloric remedy in the Iranian traditional medicine, against seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) or maximal electroshock (MES) in male mice."	3.70	The fruit essential oil of Pimpinella anisum exerts anticonvulsant effects in mice. ( Fanaee, GH; Javadi, M; Kamalinejad, M; Majzoob, S; Pourgholami, MH; Sayyah, M, 1999)
"The interaction of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, with the protective activity of conventional antiepileptics against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures was tested in mice."	3.70	7-Nitroindazole, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, enhances the anticonvulsive action of ethosuximide and clonazepam against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions. ( Borowicz, KK; Czuczwar, SJ; Kleinrok, Z; Luszczki, J, 2000)
"Action of ethosuximide (ESI) against two types of experimental seizures elicited by systemic administration of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and characterized by spike-and-wave activity in the EEG was studied in immature rats 18 and 25 days old, i."	3.70	Ontogeny of ethosuximide action against two seizure models in rats is different. ( Mares, P, 1998)
"The efficacy of Flunarizine (FLU), a calcium channel blocker, in combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), sodium valproate (VPA), and ethosuximide (ESM), at ED50 doses, were examined for protective effects against maximal electroshock seizures (MES) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizures in mice."	3.70	Additive anticonvulsant effect of flunarizine and sodium valproate on electroshock and chemoshock induced seizures in mice. ( David, J; Joseph, S; Joseph, T, 1998)
"N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (NNA; an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase) in a dose of 40 mg/kg impaired the protective activity of ethosuximide against the clonic phase of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice."	3.70	N(G)-nitro-L-arginine impairs the anticonvulsive action of ethosuximide against pentylenetetrazol. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Kleinrok, Z; Klonowski, P; Tutka, P, 1999)
" The patient's seizures were exacerbated by carbamazepine, zonisamide, and valproate, but completely controlled by ethosuximide, and were suggested to have some relation with thalamocortical oscillation mechanisms."	3.70	A case of epileptic negative myoclonus: therapeutic considerations. ( Mitsuyoshi, I; Shirasaka, Y, 1999)
"Valproic acid and ethosuximide are commonly used to treat absence seizures, but their mechanisms of action have not been clearly defined."	3.69	Valproic acid and ethosuximide slow the onset of maximal dentate activation in the rat hippocampus. ( Stringer, JL, 1994)
" To test the effect of antiepileptic drugs on kindled seizures and kindling-induced learning deficits we injected ethosuximide, dipropylacetate, and phenobarbital prior to each kindling stimulation or after kindling completion, and tested these animals in a shuttle-box paradigm."	3.69	Antiepileptic drugs--their effects on kindled seizures and kindling-induced learning impairments. ( Becker, A; Brosz, M; Grecksch, G, 1995)
"Among three calcium channel inhibitors, only nicardipine (10-40 mg/kg) significantly inhibited clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazol administered at its CD97 (convulsive dose 97%) of 81 mg/kg, subcutaneously."	3.69	Influence of nicardipine, nimodipine and flunarizine on the anticonvulsant efficacy of antiepileptics against pentylenetetrazol in mice. ( Brudniak, T; Czuczwar, SJ; Gasior, M; Kamiński, R; Kleinrok, Z, 1996)
"The action of ethosuximide (125 or 250 mg/kg, IP) against picrotoxin-induced seizures (3-6 mg/kg, IP) was assessed in rats 12, 18, 25, and 90 days old."	3.68	Ethosuximide suppresses seizures and lethality induced by picrotoxin in developing rats. ( Mares, P; Micianiková, D; Rokyta, R; Velísek, L; Velísková, J, 1993)
"The cholinergic agonist pilocarpine triggers sustained limbic seizures in rodents."	3.68	Substantia nigra regulates action of antiepileptic drugs. ( Andrews, JS; Bortolotto, ZA; Bressler, K; Calderazzo-Filho, LS; Cavalheiro, EA; Löschmann, PA; Turski, L, 1990)
" In this model, tonic-clonic seizures are easily elicited by handling and the effects of administration of carbamazepine (CBZ), phenytoin (DPH), phenobarbital (PB), diazepam, valproic acid (VPA) and ethosuximide were quantitatively evaluated."	3.67	Seizure control following administration of anticonvulsant drugs in the quaking mouse. ( Abbott, LC; Bennett, GD; Finnell, RH; Taylor, SM, 1985)
"The relative ability of phenytoin, ethosuximide and valproate to prevent minimal (clonic) threshold, maximal (tonic extension of the hindlimbs) threshold and supramaximal (tonic extension of the hindlimbs) seizures elicited by electrical and chemical (Metrazol, bicuculline, and picrotoxin) stimulation was determined."	3.67	Effect of stimulus intensity on the profile of anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin, ethosuximide and valproate. ( Piredda, SG; Swinyard, EA; Woodhead, JH, 1985)
"In two children treated for hypoglycemia and convulsions with diazoxide and diphenylhydantoin, therapeutic serum diphenylhydantoin levels were not achieved despite doses of diphenylhydantoin of 17 and 29 mg/kg/day, respectively."	3.65	Drug interaction: diazoxide and diphenylhydantoin. ( Blaskovics, ME; Podosin, RL; Roe, TF, 1975)
"The kindling of amygldaloid and cortical seizures in cats was used to study the prophylactic effects of phenobarbital, phenytoin, ethosuximide, acetazolamide, and dexamethason."	3.65	Pharmacological prophylaxis against the development of kindled amygdaloid seizures. ( Kutt, H; Louis, S; Newman, SM; Turner, IM, 1977)
"Senegalese baboons (Papio papio), with a natural syndrome of photosensitive epilepsy, consistently show generalized myoclonic jerks if stimulated stroboscopically at hourly intervals, two to eight hours after the intravenous administration of allylglycine, 200 mg/kg."	3.65	A primate model for testing anticonvulsant drugs. ( Horton, RW; Meldrum, BS; Toseland, PA, 1975)
"Ethosuximide was identified as the optimal option for new-onset childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) in a randomized, two-phase dose escalation comparative effectiveness trial of ethosuximide, lamotrigine, and valproic acid."	3.30	Model-Informed Precision Dosing Guidance of Ethosuximide Developed from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Childhood Absence Epilepsy. ( Adamson, PC; Blumer, JL; Capparelli, EV; Clark, PO; Cnaan, A; Dong, M; Fukuda, T; Glauser, TA; Mizuno, K; Reed, MD; Shinnar, S; Vinks, AA, 2023)
"The aim of this review was to evaluate current literature for dosing recommendations for the use of antiepileptic medications in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT)."	2.53	Antiepileptic dosing for critically ill adult patients receiving renal replacement therapy. ( Bastin, ML; Cook, AM; Oyler, DR; Smetana, KS, 2016)
"Absence seizures have a significant impact on quality of life."	2.49	Absence seizures in children. ( Posner, E, 2013)
"Studies on mechanisms of seizure generation and propagation have identified new potential targets for AEDs."	2.45	New antiepileptic drugs: molecular targets. ( Mula, M, 2009)
"Clinical trials for typical absence seizures are notoriously difficult, because those seizures are clinically subtle and brief, so that seizure counts by caregivers are inaccurate."	1.91	Efficacy of highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) in typical absence seizures: A pilot study. ( Azevedo, M; Benbadis, SR, 2023)
"After several years without seizures, 24 out of 30 had a relapse, which was quickly stopped in 23 out of 30 patients."	1.72	[Epilepsy in Angelman syndrome]. ( Bobylova, MY; Glukhova, LY; Kuzmich, GV; Mukhin, KY; Pylayeva, OA, 2022)
"Lacosamide (LCM) is a new generation antiepileptic drug that affects the slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels."	1.72	The effect of chronic treatment with sodium channel blocker lacosamide on early development of absence seizures in genetic absence epilepsy rats. ( Akat, Ş; Akman, Ö; Çarçak, N; Karanfil, C; Onat, F, 2022)
"Intrathecal administration of antiseizure drugs (ASDs) e."	1.72	Intrathecal application of ethosuximide is highly efficient in suppressing seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. ( Buschhoff, AS; de Mooij-van Malsen, JG; Scherließ, R; Schiffelholz, T; Stephani, U; Wulff, P, 2022)
"Evidence for treating seizures in AS mainly derives from low-quality studies."	1.72	Pharmacotherapeutic management of seizures in patients with Angleman Syndrome. ( Samanta, D, 2022)
"The antiseizure drug, carbamazepine (CBZ), and the antiabsence drug, ethosuximide (ETX), were administered separately to determine if they selectively suppressed unilateral- versus bilateral-onset SWDs, respectively."	1.62	Sensitivity of unilateral- versus bilateral-onset spike-wave discharges to ethosuximide and carbamazepine in the fluid percussion injury rat model of traumatic brain injury. ( Barth, DS; Dudek, FE; Poulsen, DJ; Smith, ZZ; Tatum, S; Taylor, JA, 2021)
"The latency, frequency and duration of seizures evaluated using EEG recordings from the frontal and parietal cortices of rats showed significant changes demonstrating the inhibition of paroxystic activity."	1.62	Anticonvulsant activity of Valeriana edulis roots and valepotriates on the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. ( Contreras-Murillo, G; González-Trujano, ME; Hidalgo-Flores, FJ; López-Najera, CA; Magdaleno-Madrigal, VM; Navarrete-Castro, A; Sánchez, CG, 2021)
"Consistently, it is possible that absence seizures, depressive-like behavior and cognitive deficit may arise independently and separately in lifetime from the same underlying network disease, as previously suggested for the behavioral features associated with other epileptic syndromes."	1.51	Cognitive impairment in the WAG/Rij rat absence model is secondary to absence seizures and depressive-like behavior. ( Citraro, R; De Sarro, G; Fedosova, E; Iannone, M; Leo, A; Nesci, V; Russo, E; Sarkisova, K; Tallarico, M, 2019)
"Then, spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS), neuronal loss and astrogliosis were assessed."	1.51	The effects of lamotrigine and ethosuximide on seizure frequency, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in a model of temporal-lobe epilepsy. ( Chen, Y; Sun, M; van Luijtelaar, G; Wang, J; Wang, Q, 2019)
"Head-bobbing convulsions were previously reported to be inducible by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) in C."	1.48	A Caenorhabditis elegans assay of seizure-like activity optimised for identifying antiepileptic drugs and their mechanisms of action. ( Barclay, JW; Burgoyne, RD; Cunliffe, VT; Dodd, S; Grimes, D; Jones, A; Marson, AG; Morgan, A; Sills, GJ; Wong, SQ, 2018)
"As ethosuximide is a first-line therapy for absence seizures in childhood, and drug-induced cognitive impairment may interfere with development, learning, and academic achievement, these findings are of interest to clinicians who prescribe this drug, especially when informing parents."	1.43	The Cognitive Profile of Ethosuximide in Children. ( Aldenkamp, AP; de Louw, AJ; Debeij-van Hall, MH; IJff, DM; Jansen, JF; Majoie, MH; van Veenendaal, TM, 2016)
"Nonconvulsive seizures did not appear to change or they decreased."	1.42	Suppression of adult neurogenesis increases the acute effects of kainic acid. ( Burghardt, NS; Denny, CA; Drew, LJ; Friedman, D; Hen, R; Hsieh, J; Iyengar, SS; LaFrancois, JJ; Scharfman, HE; Wu, MV, 2015)
"Acute seizures frequently occur following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and have been associated with poor patient prognosis."	1.39	Ethosuximide and phenytoin dose-dependently attenuate acute nonconvulsive seizures after traumatic brain injury in rats. ( Lu, XC; Marcsisin, SR; Melendez, V; Mountney, A; Potter, B; Shear, DA; Sousa, J; Tortella, FC, 2013)
"Benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (BMEI) is the youngest form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, characterized by myoclonic seizures (MS) in the first three years of life in otherwise normal infants, and the lack of other seizure types except for rare simple febrile seizures."	1.38	Benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy with preceding afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizures in Japan. ( Ito, S; Oguni, H; Osawa, M, 2012)
"The results suggest that seizure activity is necessary for the expression of depression-like behavioral symptoms and confirm that epileptogenesis can be prevented by early and chronic treatment."	1.36	Spike-wave discharges are necessary for the expression of behavioral depression-like symptoms. ( Kulikov, MA; Kuznetsova, GD; Sarkisova, KY; van Luijtelaar, G, 2010)
"High amplitude with high frequency EMG seizure was observed in parallel with the appearance of tonic extensor (TE) seizure and an intimate relationship was observed between the two parameters."	1.34	Effects of certain antiepileptics on behavioral and electromyographic seizure patterns induced by maximal electroshock in mice. ( Ago, J; Ishikawa, T; Kamei, C; Matsumoto, N; Murakami, A; Takechi, K, 2007)
"This means that seizures do not arise de novo in the seizure focus."	1.34	Temporal lobe epilepsy is a disease of faulty neuronal resonators rather than oscillators, and all seizures are provoked, usually by stress. ( Eggers, AE, 2007)
"Ethosuximide (ESM) also was used to block seizure activity."	1.33	Imaging the neural substrates involved in the genesis of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. ( Brevard, ME; Ferris, CF; King, JA; Kulkarni, P, 2006)
"Seizures were detected by continuous electroencephalographic monitoring for 24 h following permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo)."	1.33	Evaluation of gabapentin and ethosuximide for treatment of acute nonconvulsive seizures following ischemic brain injury in rats. ( Bautista, CC; Chen, RW; Dave, JR; Hartings, JA; Lu, XC; Tortella, FC; Williams, AJ, 2006)
"Nonconvulsive seizures (NCSs) after traumatic and ischemic brain injury are often refractory to antiepileptic drug therapy and are associated with a decline in patient outcome."	1.32	Antiepileptic drug treatment of nonconvulsive seizures induced by experimental focal brain ischemia. ( Hartings, JA; Lu, XM; Moreton, JE; Tortella, FC; Williams, AJ, 2004)
"This report characterizes seizures in a novel genetic model of developmental epilepsy, the Flathead (FH) rat."	1.30	Characterization of seizures in the flathead rat: a new genetic model of epilepsy in early postnatal development. ( D'Mello, SR; LoTurco, JJ; Rattan, S; Sarkisian, MR, 1999)
"Nifedipine was found to have anticonvulsant activity in both models but flunarizine only had an anticonvulsant effect in the PTZ seizure incidence/latency test."	1.29	Protective effect of flunarizine and nifedipine alone and in combination with anticonvulsant drugs against PTZ-induced seizures in mice. ( Pleuvry, BJ; Rodger, C, 1993)
"The effects of AEDS on seizures of the tremor rat showed profiles similar to those observed in human absence seizures and also in absence-like seizures of SER."	1.29	Effect of antiepileptic drugs on absence-like seizures in the tremor rat. ( Amano, T; Fujita, Y; Hanaya, R; Matsubayashi, H; Sasa, M; Serikawa, T; Ujihara, H; Uozumi, T, 1995)
"4."	1.28	Examination of the potential antiepileptic activity of calcium antagonists with different sites of action. ( Rahwan, RG; Wong, WS, 1989)
"Ethosuximide was reliably effective against metrazol only in adult rats; in young animals it did not significantly change CD50s."	1.27	Influence of ethosuximide on metrazol-induced seizures during ontogenesis in rats. ( Mares, P; Velísek, L, 1983)
"When phenobarbital was administered for several days, a strong induction of hepatic microsomal enzymes occurred."	1.27	Anticonvulsant potency of common antiepileptic drugs in the gerbil. ( Frey, HH; Löscher, W; Reiche, R; Schultz, D, 1983)
"The EEG during the myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures showed high-amplitude rhythmic spikes, polyspikes and spike-waves, 1 to 10 c/s, for 40 to 120 sec, often outlasting the sound stimulus."	1.27	Audiogenic seizures in Wistar rats before and after repeated auditory stimuli: clinical, pharmacological, and electroencephalographic studies. ( Depaulis, A; Kiesmann, M; Marescaux, C; Micheletti, G; Vergnes, M; Warter, JM, 1988)
"The acute administration of an anticonvulsant dose of ethosuximide (150 mg/kg) had no effect on brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration, whereas a toxic dose (400 mg/kg) increased significantly the concentration of brain GABA (1."	1.27	Effect of ethosuximide alone and in combination with gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonists on brain gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration, anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity in mice. ( Chweh, AY; Lin-Michell, E; Swinyard, EA, 1986)
"Seizures were characterized and quantitated by video-electroencephalographic telemetry."	1.27	Treatment of epileptic falling spells with ethosuximide. ( Hosey, LC; Snead, OC, 1987)
"The seizures are characterized by one or two wild running fits which terminate in a tonic dorsiflexion with open mouth, followed by a catatonic state."	1.27	Kindling of audiogenic seizures in the rat. ( Depaulis, A; Kiesmann, M; Marescaux, C; Micheletti, G; Vergnes, M; Warter, JM, 1987)
"According to our convulsion intensity scoring system, these animals have an audiogenic response score (ARS) of 3 and the colony is designated the GEPR-3 colony."	1.27	Anticonvulsant drugs and the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. ( Dailey, JW; Jobe, PC, 1985)
" In order to test the validity of FEAD as an absence seizure model, the present experiments determined dose-response relationships for the suppression of FEAD by six antiepileptic drugs with established clinical profiles."	1.26	Flash-evoked afterdischarge in rat as a model of the absence seizure: dose-response studies with therapeutic drugs. ( Burnham, WM; King, GA; Livingston, KE, 1980)
"Phenobarbital was effective in diminishing the frequency of GHB-induced myoclonic jerks only when given prior to administration of GHB."	1.26	Gamma hydroxybutyrate in the monkey. III. Effect of intravenous anticonvulsant drugs. ( Snead, OC, 1978)
"In a certain percentage of patients seizures are abolished or diminish in frequency only on attaining such a serum level."	1.26	[The serum concentration of anticonvulsants -- pharmacokinetic findings and practical therapeutic applications (author's transl)]. ( Deisenhammer, E; Sommer, R, 1979)
"Comparison of the PD50 from clonic seizure at the peak-effect hours revealed that the benzodiazepines were 16 to 96 times more potent than phenobarbitone on a molar basis, while phenobarbitone itself was 12 to 26 times more potent than ethosuximide and trimethadione."	1.26	The temporal dimensions of anticonvulsant action of some newer benzodiazepines against metrazol induced seizures in mice and rats. ( Banerjee, U; Yeoh, PN, 1977)
"n-DPA proved to be most active against convulsions induced by picrotoxin (ED50 200 mg/kg orally), which might indicate a role of the elevation of the central levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the anticonvulsant effect of the drug."	1.26	Di-n-propylacetic acid--profile of anticonvulsant activity in mice. ( Frey, HH; Löscher, W, 1976)
" The dose-response curve for naloxone against seizure activity induced by leucine enkephalin was the same as that in gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced petit mal."	1.26	Anticonvulsants specific for petit mal antagonize epileptogenic effect of leucine enkephalin. ( Bearden, LJ; Snead, OC, 1980)
"Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like syndromes in children are most commonly associated with the administration of ethosuximide, diphenylhydantoin, and trimethadione."	1.26	Antinuclear antibodies and lupus-like syndromes in children receiving anticonvulsants. ( Fishman, L; Hanson, V; Singsen, BH, 1976)
"Cannabidiol was effective in blocking convulsions when given concurrently with, but not prior to delta9THC."	1.26	Anticonvulsant drug antagonism of delta9tetrahydrocannabinol-induced seizures in rabbits. ( Consroe, P; Eisenstein, D; Martin, P, 1977)

Research

Studies (196)

Authors

Clinical Trials (3)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Number of Participants With Attention Deficit as Measured by the Confidence Index of the CPT-II and the K-CPT

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	81 (41.33)	18.7374
1990's	26 (13.27)	18.2507
2000's	20 (10.20)	29.6817
2010's	53 (27.04)	24.3611
2020's	16 (8.16)	2.80

Authors	Studies
Witiak, DT	2
Vishnuvajjala, BR	1
Cook, WL	2
Minatelli, JA	1
Gupta, TK	2
Gerald, MC	2
Kornet, MJ	1
Crider, AM	1
Magarian, EO	1
Tomczuk, BE	1
Taylor, CR	1
Moses, LM	1
Sutherland, DB	1
Lo, YS	1
Johnson, DN	1
Kinnier, WB	1
Kilpatrick, BF	1
Sasaki, H	1
Mori, Y	1
Nakamura, J	1
Shibasaki, J	1
Wolfe, JF	1
Rathman, TL	1
Sleevi, MC	1
Campbell, JA	1
Greenwood, TD	1
Kadaba, PK	1
Conley, JD	1
Kohn, H	1
Farrar, VA	1
Ciechanowicz-Rutkowska, M	1
Grochowski, J	1
Serda, P	1
Pilati, T	1
Filippini, G	1
Hinko, CN	1
el-Assadi, A	1
Moore, JA	1
Edafiogho, IO	1
Ragavendran, JV	2
Sriram, D	2
Patel, SK	1
Reddy, IV	1
Bharathwajan, N	1
Stables, J	1
Yogeeswari, P	2
Sahitya, P	1
Ranganadh, V	1
Kamiński, K	13
Obniska, J	12
Azam, F	1
Alkskas, IA	1
Khokra, SL	1
Prakash, O	1
Byrtus, H	1
Pawłowski, M	1
Szczesio, M	1
Karolak-Wojciechowska, J	1
He, X	3
Zhong, M	3
Zhang, T	3
Wu, W	2
Wu, Z	3
Yang, J	2
Xiao, Y	4
Pan, Y	1
Qiu, G	2
Hu, X	4
Dawidowski, M	2
Herold, F	1
Chodkowski, A	1
Kleps, J	1
Szulczyk, P	1
Wilczek, M	1
Rzepka, S	3
Guo, H	1
Saravanan, G	1
Alagarsamy, V	1
Prakash, CR	1
Rajak, H	1
Singh Thakur, B	1
Singh, A	1
Raghuvanshi, K	1
Sah, AK	1
Veerasamy, R	1
Sharma, PC	1
Singh Pawar, R	1
Kharya, MD	1
Malik, S	2
Bahare, RS	1
Khan, SA	2
Chlebek, I	1
Wiklik, B	1
Kowalczyk, P	1
Sałat, K	2
Höfner, GC	1
Mucha, M	1
Rapacz, A	11
Podkowa, A	1
Filipek, B	6
Wanner, KT	1
Kulig, K	1
Ahuja, P	1
Sahu, K	1
Chońska, J	1
Mika, W	1
Turło, J	1
Mishra, RK	1
Baker, MT	1
Li, J	1
Lou, J	1
Wang, Z	1
Wang, T	1
Liu, P	1
Hong, X	1
Kumari, S	1
Mishra, CB	1
Tiwari, M	1
Łuszczki, JJ	5
Latacz, G	3
Kieć-Kononowicz, K	2
Zagaja, M	3
Andres-Mach, M	4
Rybka, S	4
Powroźnik, B	1
Pękala, E	2
Żmudzki, P	3
Edayadulla, N	1
Ramesh, P	1
Abram, M	2
Góra, M	1
Grover, G	1
Nath, R	1
Bhatia, R	1
Akhtar, MJ	1
Hoshino, H	1
Miya, F	1
Kato, M	1
Kanemura, H	1
Çarçak, N	1
Karanfil, C	1
Akat, Ş	1
Akman, Ö	1
Onat, F	1
Buschhoff, AS	1
Scherließ, R	1
de Mooij-van Malsen, JG	1
Schiffelholz, T	1
Stephani, U	1
Wulff, P	1
Samanta, D	1
Bobylova, MY	1
Mukhin, KY	1
Kuzmich, GV	1
Glukhova, LY	1
Pylayeva, OA	1
Mizuno, K	1
Capparelli, EV	2
Fukuda, T	1
Dong, M	1
Adamson, PC	2
Blumer, JL	1
Cnaan, A	2
Clark, PO	2
Reed, MD	1
Shinnar, S	2
Vinks, AA	1
Glauser, TA	2
Chu, H	1
Zhang, X	1
Shi, J	1
Zhou, Z	1
Yang, X	1
Jarzyński, S	1
Dziubina, A	1
Popiół, J	1
Piska, K	1
Wojtulewski, S	1
Rudolf, B	1
Azevedo, M	1
Benbadis, SR	1
Socała, K	1
Jakubiec, M	1
Pieróg, M	1
Nieoczym, D	1
Gawel, K	1
Esguerra, CV	1
Lubelska, A	1
Szulczyk, B	1
Szewczyk, A	1
Wlaź, P	1
Świąder, MJ	1
Świąder, K	1
Zakrocka, I	1
Krzyżanowski, M	1
Wróbel, A	1
Czuczwar, SJ	13
González-Trujano, ME	1
Contreras-Murillo, G	1
López-Najera, CA	1
Hidalgo-Flores, FJ	1
Navarrete-Castro, A	1
Sánchez, CG	1
Magdaleno-Madrigal, VM	1
Citraro, R	4
Lembo, F	1
De Caro, C	1
Tallarico, M	3
Coretti, L	1
Iannone, LF	1
Leo, A	3
Palumbo, D	1
Cuomo, M	1
Buommino, E	1
Nesci, V	3
Marascio, N	1
Iannone, M	3
Quirino, A	1
Russo, R	1
Calignano, A	1
Constanti, A	3
Russo, E	4
De Sarro, G	3
Brigo, F	1
Igwe, SC	1
Lattanzi, S	1
Tatum, S	1
Smith, ZZ	1
Taylor, JA	2
Poulsen, DJ	1
Dudek, FE	2
Barth, DS	2
Wong, SQ	1
Jones, A	1
Dodd, S	1
Grimes, D	1
Barclay, JW	1
Marson, AG	1
Cunliffe, VT	1
Burgoyne, RD	1
Sills, GJ	1
Morgan, A	1
Wang, J	1
Chen, Y	1
Wang, Q	1
van Luijtelaar, G	2
Sun, M	1
Kessler, SK	1
McGinnis, E	1
Reuter, JD	1
Kubiak, RA	1
Mufford, TT	1
Booth, CJ	1
Miyamoto, H	1
Tatsukawa, T	1
Shimohata, A	1
Yamagata, T	1
Suzuki, T	1
Amano, K	1
Mazaki, E	1
Raveau, M	1
Ogiwara, I	1
Oba-Asaka, A	1
Hensch, TK	1
Itohara, S	1
Sakimura, K	1
Kobayashi, K	2
Yamakawa, K	1
Fedosova, E	1
Sarkisova, K	1
Caro, C	1
Palma, E	1
Sarro, G	1
Dezsi, G	1
Ozturk, E	1
Stanic, D	1
Powell, KL	1
Blumenfeld, H	1
O'Brien, TJ	1
Jones, NC	1
Mandegary, A	1
Sharififar, F	1
Abdar, M	1
Mountney, A	1
Shear, DA	1
Potter, B	1
Marcsisin, SR	1
Sousa, J	1
Melendez, V	1
Tortella, FC	3
Lu, XC	2
Eckle, VS	1
Shcheglovitov, A	1
Vitko, I	1
Dey, D	1
Yap, CC	1
Winckler, B	1
Perez-Reyes, E	1
Posner, E	1
Asadi-Shekaari, M	1
Eslami, A	1
Kalantaripour, T	1
Joukar, S	1
Iyengar, SS	1
LaFrancois, JJ	1
Friedman, D	1
Drew, LJ	1
Denny, CA	1
Burghardt, NS	1
Wu, MV	1
Hsieh, J	1
Hen, R	1
Scharfman, HE	1
Riegle, MA	1
Masicampo, ML	1
Shan, HQ	1
Xu, V	1
Godwin, DW	1
Smetana, KS	1
Cook, AM	1
Bastin, ML	1
Oyler, DR	1
IJff, DM	1
van Veenendaal, TM	1
Debeij-van Hall, MH	1
Jansen, JF	1
de Louw, AJ	1
Majoie, MH	1
Aldenkamp, AP	1
Luszczki, JJ	6
Dudra-Jastrzebska, M	1
Andres-Mach, MM	1
Ratnaraj, N	3
Patsalos, PN	3
Sarkisova, KY	1
Kuznetsova, GD	1
Kulikov, MA	1
Mula, M	1
Hirtz, DG	1
Dlugos, D	1
Masur, D	1
Liukkonen, E	1
Kantola-Sorsa, E	1
Paetau, R	1
Gaily, E	1
Peltola, M	1
Granström, ML	1
Sherman, D	1
Zhang, N	1
Garg, S	1
Thakor, NV	1
Mirski, MA	1
White, MA	1
Hinich, MJ	1
Scicchitano, F	1
De Fazio, S	1
Perrotta, I	1
Perrota, I	1
Di Paola, ED	1
Barcicka-Klosowska, B	1
Florek-Luszczki, M	1
Haratym-Maj, A	1
Ito, S	1
Oguni, H	1
Osawa, M	1
Hsiao, MH	1
Larsson, M	1
Larsson, A	1
Evenbratt, H	1
Chen, YY	2
Liu, DM	1
Borowicz, KK	3
Piskorska, B	1
Stępniak, B	1
Corradini, I	1
Donzelli, A	1
Antonucci, F	1
Welzl, H	1
Loos, M	1
Martucci, R	1
De Astis, S	1
Pattini, L	1
Inverardi, F	1
Wolfer, D	1
Caleo, M	1
Bozzi, Y	1
Verderio, C	1
Frassoni, C	1
Braida, D	1
Clerici, M	1
Lipp, HP	1
Sala, M	1
Matteoli, M	1
Haugvicová, R	1
Bílková, E	1
Kubová, H	2
Mares, P	8
PALUDAN, J	2
KIORBOE, E	2
TROLLE, E	2
OVERVAD, E	2
BAIRD, HW	1
LORENTZDEHAAS, AM	1
KUILMAN, M	1
CURRIER, RD	1
FREY, HH	5
CRAIG, WS	1
MACKINNON, JM	1
KAMPMANN, E	1
Williams, AJ	2
Lu, XM	1
Moreton, JE	1
Hartings, JA	2
Kaminski, RM	1
Tochman, AM	1
Dekundy, A	1
Turski, WA	2
Brevard, ME	1
Kulkarni, P	1
King, JA	1
Ferris, CF	1
Bautista, CC	1
Chen, RW	1
Dave, JR	1
Palencia, G	1
Calderon, A	1
Sotelo, J	1
Murakami, A	1
Ishikawa, T	1
Takechi, K	1
Ago, J	1
Matsumoto, N	1
Kamei, C	1
Eggers, AE	1
Deshpande, LS	1
Nagarkatti, N	1
Sombati, S	1
DeLorenzo, RJ	1
Snead, OC	3
Bearden, LJ	1
Löscher, W	2
Reiche, R	1
Schultz, D	1
Porter, RJ	1
Theodore, WH	1
Maresová, D	1
Schickerová, R	1
Velísek, L	3
Aminoff, MJ	1
Bustamante, L	1
Lueders, H	1
Pippenger, C	1
Goldensohn, ES	1
Clifford, DB	1
Lothman, EW	1
Dodson, WE	1
Ferrendelli, JA	2
Zouhar, A	1
Frieder, B	1
Karpiak, SE	1
Rapport, MM	1
King, GA	1
Burnham, WM	1
Livingston, KE	1
Kästner, I	4
Mestwirischwili, LP	1
Bagaschwili, TU	1
Hanaya, R	1
Sasa, M	1
Ujihara, H	1
Fujita, Y	1
Amano, T	1
Matsubayashi, H	1
Serikawa, T	1
Uozumi, T	1
Stringer, JL	1
Pohl, M	1
Zelízko, M	1
Ono, K	1
Baba, H	1
Sugai, S	1
Velísková, J	2
Rokyta, R	1
Micianiková, D	1
Rodger, C	1
Pleuvry, BJ	1
Becker, A	1
Grecksch, G	1
Brosz, M	1
Kitano, Y	1
Usui, C	1
Takasuna, K	1
Hirohashi, M	1
Nomura, M	1
Gasior, M	2
Kamiński, R	1
Brudniak, T	1
Kleinrok, Z	5
Kozicka, M	1
Pietrasiewicz, T	1

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
The Study of Pharmacokinetics of Levetiracetam in Patients Undergoing Intermittent Hemodialysis[NCT04511676]		12 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-11-01	Completed
A Randomized, Parallel-group，Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ethosuximide in Chinese Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression.[NCT03887624]	Early Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-21	Terminated (stopped due to Participates could not stand the side effects)
Childhood Absence Epilepsy Rx PK-PD-Pharmacogenetics Study[NCT00088452]	Phase 3	453 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-07-31	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

A Confidence Index of 0.60 or higher on the Conners' Continuous Performance Test at the visit at 16 or 20 weeks or at an earlier visit when treatment was discontinued (as long as the discontinuation occurred 1 month or more after the baseline visit and was not due to intolerable adverse events). A Confidence Index of 0.60 corresponds to a 60% probability that the child has clinical attention deficit disorder. (NCT00088452)
Timeframe: First 16-20 weeks of double blind therapy

Number of Participants With Freedom From Treatment Failure at 12 Months of Double Blind Therapy

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ethosuximide	35
Lamotrigine	25
Valproic Acid	52

Treatment failure was defined as persistence of absence seizures at 12 months of double blind therapy, a generalized tonic-clonic seizure at any time, excessive drug-related systemic toxicity, a moderately severe rash (possibly drug-related), pancreatitis, or increase in the body-mass index of at least 3.0 from baseline, dose-limiting toxicity after a single downward dose modification, or withdrawal initiated by the parent or physician. (NCT00088452)
Timeframe: First 12 months of double blind therapy

Number of Participants With Freedom From Treatment Failure at 16-20 Weeks of Double Blind Therapy

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ethosuximide	70
Lamotrigine	31
Valproic Acid	64

Treatment failure was defined as persistence of absence seizures at week 16 or week 20, a generalized tonic-clonic seizure at any time, excessive drug-related systemic toxicity, a moderately severe rash (possibly drug-related), pancreatitis, or increase in the body-mass index of at least 3.0 from baseline, dose-limiting toxicity after a single downward dose modification, or withdrawal initiated by the parent or physician. (NCT00088452)
Timeframe: First 16-20 weeks of double blind therapy

Article	Year
Synthetic and therapeutic perspectives of nitrogen containing heterocycles as anti-convulsants. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2020, 08-01, Volume: 28, Issue:15 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Heterocyclic Compounds; Humans; Molecular Structure; Seizures; Structure-A	2020
Antiseizure medications for idiopathic generalized epilepsies: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Journal of neurology, 2023, Volume: 270, Issue:10 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Epilepsy, Generalized; Ethosuximide; Humans; Levetiracetam; Network Meta-Ana	2023
Ethosuximide, sodium valproate or lamotrigine for absence seizures in children and adolescents. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 2021, 01-21, Volume: 1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Female; Humans; Lamotrigine; Ma	2021
A Practical Guide to Treatment of Childhood Absence Epilepsy. Paediatric drugs, 2019, Volume: 21, Issue:1 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Electroen	2019
Absence seizures in children. BMJ clinical evidence, 2013, Dec-18, Volume: 2013 Topics: Acute Disease; Anticonvulsants; Child; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Evidence-Based Medicine; Hum	2013
Antiepileptic dosing for critically ill adult patients receiving renal replacement therapy. Journal of critical care, 2016, Volume: 36 Topics: Acetamides; Acute Kidney Injury; Amines; Anticonvulsants; Carbamates; Critical Illness; Cyclohexanec	2016
New antiepileptic drugs: molecular targets. Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry, 2009, Volume: 9, Issue:2 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Carbamazepine; Clinical Trials as Topic;	2009
Pharmacological and biochemical studies in epileptic fowl. Federation proceedings, 1979, Volume: 38, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Chickens; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide;	1979
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Model-Informed Precision Dosing Guidance of Ethosuximide Developed from a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Childhood Absence Epilepsy. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2023, Volume: 114, Issue:2 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Humans; Seizures; Valproic Acid	2023
Ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine in childhood absence epilepsy. The New England journal of medicine, 2010, Mar-04, Volume: 362, Issue:9 Topics: Adolescent; Analysis of Variance; Anticonvulsants; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorde	2010
Effects of fluoxetine on the anticonvulsant action of valproate and ethosuximide in mouse model of myoclonic convulsions. Annals of agricultural and environmental medicine : AAEM, 2012, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Avoidance Learning; Convulsants;	2012
Relation of laboratory evaluation to clinical effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia, 1969, Volume: 10, Issue:2 Topics: Acetazolamide; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzazepines; Clinical Trials	1969

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3,4-Methylenedioxyphenyl-, isopropylidenedioxyphenyl-, and benzyl-substituted chiral 2-aminosuccinimides and 3-aminopyrrolidines. Stereoselective investigations of potential anti-parkinsonian, antipsychotic, and anticonvulsant activities. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1977, Volume: 20, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antiparkinson Agents; Antipsychotic Agents; Humans; Male; Mice; Postural B	1977
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Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 1-acyl-2-pyrrolidinone derivatives. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1991, Volume: 34, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Mice; Pyrrol	1991
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some new 2-substituted 3-aryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1990, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical;	1990
Triazolines. 14. 1,2,3-Triazolines and triazoles, a new class of anticonvulsants. Drug design and structure-activity relationships. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1988, Volume: 31, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Electroshock; Mice; Seizures; Structure-Activity Relationship; Triazoles	1988
Functionalized DL-amino acid derivatives. Potent new agents for the treatment of epilepsy. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1987, Volume: 30, Issue:3 Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Mice; Seizur	1987
Synthesis and CLOGP correlation of imidooxy anticonvulsants. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1993, Nov-12, Volume: 36, Issue:23 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Crystallography, X-Ray; Electrosh	1993
Design and synthesis of anticonvulsants from a combined phthalimide-GABA-anilide and hydrazone pharmacophore. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2007, Volume: 42, Issue:2 Topics: Anilides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hydrazones; Mal	2007
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 4-(2-(2,6-dimethylphenylamino)-2-oxoethylamino)-N-(substituted)butanamides: a pharmacophoric hybrid approach. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2007, Jul-01, Volume: 17, Issue:13 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Drug Design; Ethanol; gamm	2007
Design, synthesis, and anticonvulsant activity of N-phenylamino derivatives of 3,3-dialkyl-pyrrolidine-2,5-diones and hexahydro-isoindole-1,3-diones. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2008, May-01, Volume: 16, Issue:9 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Design; Drug	2008
Synthesis of some novel N4-(naphtha[1,2-d]thiazol-2-yl)semicarbazides as potential anticonvulsants. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2009, Volume: 44, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Glutathione Peroxidase; Malondialdehyde; Mice; Motor Acti	2009
Design, synthesis, and anticonvulsant activity of new N-Mannich bases derived from spirosuccinimides and spirohydantoins. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2010, Aug-15, Volume: 18, Issue:16 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Electroshock; Hydantoins; Male; Mannich Bases; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; R	2010
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of N-3-arylamide substituted 5,5-cyclopropanespirohydantoin derivatives. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2010, Volume: 45, Issue:12 Topics: Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Hydantoins; Mice;	2010
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of novel 2,6-diketopiperazine derivatives. Part 1: perhydropyrrole[1,2-a]pyrazines. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2011, Volume: 46, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diketopiperazines; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Humans; Male; Mice; Models, Mol	2011
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Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant activities of novel 1-(substituted/unsubstituted benzylidene)-4-(4-(6,8-dibromo-2-(methyl/phenyl)-4-oxoquinazolin-3(4H)-yl)phenyl) semicarbazide derivatives. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2012, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Design; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Qu	2012
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of new N-Mannich bases derived from 3-(2-fluorophenyl)- and 3-(2-bromophenyl)-pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. Part II. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2012, Aug-01, Volume: 20, Issue:15 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Male	2012
Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of ethyl 1-(2-arylhydrazinecarboxamido)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate derivatives. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2012, Volume: 54 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Hydrazines; Male; Mice; Motor Activity; R	2012
Novel limonene and citral based 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles: a natural product coupled approach to semicarbazones for antiepileptic activity. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2013, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Cyclohexenes; Disease Models, Animal;	2013
Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation of N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylcarbamoyl)-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioamide derivatives: a hybrid pharmacophore approach. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2013, Volume: 67 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models,	2013
Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new N-Mannich bases derived from 3-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-diones. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2013, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhib	2013
Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship of new GABA uptake inhibitors, derivatives of 4-aminobutanamides. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2014, Aug-18, Volume: 83 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; GABA U	2014
Design and synthesis of new of 3-(benzo[d]isoxazol-3-yl)-1-substituted pyrrolidine-2, 5-dione derivatives as anticonvulsants. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2014, Sep-12, Volume: 84 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Design; Electroshock; Isoxazoles; M	2014
Novel fluorinated pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2,6-dione derivatives: synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation in animal models of epilepsy. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2014, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Ep	2014
Seizure prevention by the naturally occurring phenols, carvacrol and thymol in a partial seizure-psychomotor model. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2014, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cymenes; Disease Models, Animal; Monoterpenes; Phenols; Psychomotor Perfor	2014
Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel N-(2-(1, 1-dimethyl-5, 7-dioxo-4, 6-diazaspiro[2.4]heptan-6-yl)ethyl) sulfonamide derivatives as potential anticonvulsant agents. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, Mar-06, Volume: 92 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cycloheptanes; Drug Design; Electroshock; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Mal	2015
Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of N-[4-(4-(alkyl/aryl/heteroaryl)-piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl]-carbamic acid ethyl ester derivatives as novel anticonvulsant agents. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2015, Mar-01, Volume: 25, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamates; Drug Design; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole;	2015
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new hybrid anticonvulsants derived from N-benzyl-2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide and 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamide derivatives. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2015, May-15, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzylamines; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response R	2015
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Design, synthesis and biological activity of new amides derived from 3-methyl-3-phenyl-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetic acid. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, Sep-18, Volume: 102 Topics: Acetates; Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	2015
Synthesis of 2,6-dicarbethoxy-3,5-diaryltetrahydro-1,4-thiazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives as potent anticonvulsant agents. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, Dec-01, Volume: 106 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cyclic S-Oxides; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Resp	2015
New hybrid molecules with anticonvulsant and antinociceptive activity derived from 3-methyl- or 3,3-dimethyl-1-[1-oxo-1-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-2-yl]pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2016, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Elec	2016
Synthesis, and anticonvulsant activity of new amides derived from 3-methyl- or 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetic acids. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2016, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8 Topics: Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electros	2016
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Efficacy of ethosuximide on atonic seizures with KCNB1 mutation. Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society, 2022, Volume: 64, Issue:1 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Humans; Lennox Gastaut Syndrome; Male;	2022
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Mechanochemical synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 3-aminopyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivatives. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2023, Volume: 168 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ethosuximide; Humans; Mice; Molecular Structure; Neuroblastoma; Pentylenet	2023
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Anticonvulsant activity of Valeriana edulis roots and valepotriates on the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2021, Jan-30, Volume: 265 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Computer Simulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Ethos	2021
First evidence of altered microbiota and intestinal damage and their link to absence epilepsy in a genetic animal model, the WAG/Rij rat. Epilepsia, 2021, Volume: 62, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticonvulsants; Bacteroidetes; Butyrates; Colon; Disease Models, An	2021
Sensitivity of unilateral- versus bilateral-onset spike-wave discharges to ethosuximide and carbamazepine in the fluid percussion injury rat model of traumatic brain injury. Journal of neurophysiology, 2021, 06-01, Volume: 125, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Electroc	2021
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The effects of lamotrigine and ethosuximide on seizure frequency, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in a model of temporal-lobe epilepsy. Brain research, 2019, 06-01, Volume: 1712 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; E	2019
Spontaneous Recurrent Absence Seizure-like Events in Wild-Caught Rats. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2019, 06-12, Volume: 39, Issue:24 Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Anticonvulsants; Circadian Rhythm; Electrocorticography; Electroencephalogra	2019
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Ethosuximide Reduces Mortality and Seizure Severity in Response to Pentylenetetrazole Treatment During Ethanol Withdrawal. Alcohol and alcoholism (Oxford, Oxfordshire), 2015, Volume: 50, Issue:5 Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ethosuximide; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Mortality; Pentyle	2015
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Spike-wave discharges are necessary for the expression of behavioral depression-like symptoms. Epilepsia, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Depressive Disorder;	2010
Long-term outcome of 32 children with encephalopathy with status epilepticus during sleep, or ESES syndrome. Epilepsia, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:10 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Cognition Disorders; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalo	2010
Detection of nonlinear interactions of EEG alpha waves in the brain by a new coherence measure and its application to epilepsy and anti-epileptic drug therapy. International journal of neural systems, 2011, Volume: 21, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Convulsants; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Ethosuximi	2011
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Effects of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (a synthetic cannabinoid) on the protective action of clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate against pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2011, Dec-01, Volume: 35, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Benzoxazines; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Cl	2011
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ZARONTIN (ETHOSUXIMIDE) IN THE TREATMENT OF PETIT MAL AND RELATED DISORDERS. Epilepsia, 1964, Volume: 5 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Biomedical Research; Child; Denmark; Drug Therapy; Epilepsy; Epilepsy,	1964
ETHOSUXIMIDE (ALPHA-ETHYL-ALPHA-METHYLSUCCINIMIDE) AND GRAND MAL. Epilepsia, 1964, Volume: 5 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Biomedical Research; Drug Therapy; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Abse	1964
HINTS ON SEIZURE MANAGEMENT. GP, 1964, Volume: 30 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Drug Therapy; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Absence; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Ethosuximide; Hu	1964
NOTE ON THE INTERACTIONS OF AMPHETAMINE WITH ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 1964, Volume: 21 Topics: Amphetamine; Amphetamines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Electricity; Electroshock; Epilepsy; Epilepsy,	1964
CHILD CARE IN GENERAL PRACTICE. CONVULSIONS IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD. II. British medical journal, 1965, Feb-20, Volume: 1, Issue:5433 Topics: Acetazolamide; Anticonvulsants; Bromides; Child; Child Care; Chloral Hydrate; Diagnosis; Drug Therap	1965
TOLERANCE TO ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 1965, Volume: 22 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Drug Tolerance; Electroshock; Ethosuximide; Metabolism; Mice; Phenobarbital; Phenyt	1965
Antiepileptic drug treatment of nonconvulsive seizures induced by experimental focal brain ischemia. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 311, Issue:1 Topics: Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Infarction; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cyclohexanecarbo	2004
Isobolographic and subthreshold analysis of interactions among felbamate and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. Epilepsia, 2004, Volume: 45, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; D	2004
Ethosuximide and valproate display high efficacy against lindane-induced seizures in mice. Toxicology letters, 2004, Dec-01, Volume: 154, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Co	2004
Pharmacodynamic and/or pharmacokinetic characteristics of interactions between loreclezole and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: an isobolographic analysis. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2005, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Drug Ther	2005
Imaging the neural substrates involved in the genesis of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Abs	2006
Evaluation of gabapentin and ethosuximide for treatment of acute nonconvulsive seizures following ischemic brain injury in rats. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2006, Volume: 318, Issue:3 Topics: Acute Disease; Amines; Animals; Brain Ischemia; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Dose-Response Relations	2006
Characterization of the anticonvulsant, behavioral and pharmacokinetic interaction profiles of stiripentol in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, and valproate using isobolographic analysis. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Clonazepam; Dioxolanes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Inte	2006
Thalidomide inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2007, Jul-15, Volume: 258, Issue:1-2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Respo	2007
Effects of certain antiepileptics on behavioral and electromyographic seizure patterns induced by maximal electroshock in mice. Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2007, Volume: 104, Issue:1 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Carbamazepine; Dose-Response Relat	2007
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a disease of faulty neuronal resonators rather than oscillators, and all seizures are provoked, usually by stress. Medical hypotheses, 2007, Volume: 69, Issue:6 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Ethosuximide; Hippocampus; Humans; Models, Neuro	2007
The novel antiepileptic drug carisbamate (RWJ 333369) is effective in inhibiting spontaneous recurrent seizure discharges and blocking sustained repetitive firing in cultured hippocampal neurons. Epilepsy research, 2008, Volume: 79, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamates; Cells, Cultured; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Dose-Respon	2008
Anticonvulsants specific for petit mal antagonize epileptogenic effect of leucine enkephalin. Science (New York, N.Y.), 1980, Nov-28, Volume: 210, Issue:4473 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosu	1980
Anticonvulsant potency of common antiepileptic drugs in the gerbil. Pharmacology, 1983, Volume: 27, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Ethosuximide; Female; Gerbillinae; Male; Phenobar	1983
Nonsedative regimens in the treatment of epilepsy. Archives of internal medicine, 1983, Volume: 143, Issue:5 Topics: Carbamazepine; Epilepsy; Ethosuximide; Humans; Phenytoin; Seizures; Valproic Acid	1983
Effect of antiepileptic drugs on metrazol convulsions during ontogenesis in the rat. Physiologia Bohemoslovaca, 1981, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Ethosuximide; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Sei	1981
Influence of ethosuximide on metrazol-induced seizures during ontogenesis in rats. Activitas nervosa superior, 1983, Volume: 25, Issue:4 Topics: Aging; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethosuximide; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats	1983
Drug treatment of epilepsy. Comprehensive therapy, 1981, Volume: 7, Issue:4 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Clonazepam; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Ethosuximide; Female;	1981
Quantitative evaluation of anticonvulsant effects on penicillin-induced spike foci in cats. Neurology, 1981, Volume: 31, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Cats; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Penicillins; Ph	1981
Effect of anticonvulsant drugs on kainic acid-induced epileptiform activity. Experimental neurology, 1982, Volume: 76, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Guinea Pigs; Hippocampus;	1982
Influence of clonazepam and ethosuximide on ECoG pattern induced by metrazol during ontogenesis in rats. Activitas nervosa superior, 1982, Volume: 24, Issue:1 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr	1982
Effect of antiepileptic drugs and an anticonvulsant on epileptiform activity induced by antibodies to ganglioside. Experimental neurology, 1982, Volume: 78, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cobalt; Diazepam; Disease Models,	1982
Flash-evoked afterdischarge in rat as a model of the absence seizure: dose-response studies with therapeutic drugs. Epilepsia, 1980, Volume: 21, Issue:5 Topics: Acetazolamide; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethosuximide; Evoked Potentials; Male; Mep	1980
[Role of the mesencephalon reticular formation in the effect of ethosuximide on a cortical epileptogenic focus]. Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 1980, Volume: 39, Issue:4 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Decerebrate State; Electroencephalography; Ethosu	1980
Effect of antiepileptic drugs on absence-like seizures in the tremor rat. Epilepsia, 1995, Volume: 36, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroenceph	1995
Valproic acid and ethosuximide slow the onset of maximal dentate activation in the rat hippocampus. Epilepsy research, 1994, Volume: 19, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethosuximide; Hippocampus; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawl	1994
Is the site of action of ethosuximide in the hindbrain? Physiological research, 1994, Volume: 43, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Stem; Clonazepam; Decerebrate State; Electrocardiography; Electroenc	1994
A new chronic model of spontaneous nonconvulsive generalized seizures. The Japanese journal of psychiatry and neurology, 1993, Volume: 47, Issue:2 Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Callosum; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absenc	1993
Ethosuximide suppresses seizures and lethality induced by picrotoxin in developing rats. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1993, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Epilepsies, Myoclonic; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Ethosuxim	1993
Protective effect of flunarizine and nifedipine alone and in combination with anticonvulsant drugs against PTZ-induced seizures in mice. Neuropharmacology, 1993, Volume: 32, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ethosu	1993
Antiepileptic drugs--their effects on kindled seizures and kindling-induced learning impairments. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1995, Volume: 52, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Cognition; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethosuxim	1995
Increasing-current electroshock seizure test: a new method for assessment of anti- and pro-convulsant activities of drugs in mice. Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods, 1996, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Convulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models,	1996
Influence of nicardipine, nimodipine and flunarizine on the anticonvulsant efficacy of antiepileptics against pentylenetetrazol in mice. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 1996, Volume: 103, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Clonazepam; Drug Interactions; Ethosuximide; Flu	1996
Ontogeny of ethosuximide action against two seizure models in rats is different. Life sciences, 1998, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Ethosux	1998
A potential anti-asthmatic drug, CR 2039, enhances the anticonvulsive activity of some antiepileptic drugs against pentetrazol in mice. European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 1998, Volume: 8, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzamides; Bronchodilator Agents; Clonazepam; Convulsants; Dose-Response	1998
Additive anticonvulsant effect of flunarizine and sodium valproate on electroshock and chemoshock induced seizures in mice. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1998, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Drug Synergism;	1998
N(G)-nitro-L-arginine impairs the anticonvulsive action of ethosuximide against pentylenetetrazol. European journal of pharmacology, 1999, Feb-05, Volume: 366, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arginine; Convulsants; Diazepam; Drug Interactions; Enzyme Inhibitors; Eth	1999
Characterization of seizures in the flathead rat: a new genetic model of epilepsy in early postnatal development. Epilepsia, 1999, Volume: 40, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroe	1999
A case of epileptic negative myoclonus: therapeutic considerations. Brain & development, 1999, Volume: 21, Issue:3 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Brain; Child; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Female; Humans; Myoclonus; Seiz	1999
The fruit essential oil of Pimpinella anisum exerts anticonvulsant effects in mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 1999, Volume: 66, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Apiaceae; Convulsants; Electroshock; Ethosuximide; Fruit; India; Iran; Let	1999
7-Nitroindazole, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, enhances the anticonvulsive action of ethosuximide and clonazepam against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions;	2000
Gamma hydroxybutyrate in the monkey. III. Effect of intravenous anticonvulsant drugs. Neurology, 1978, Volume: 28, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximi	1978
Cyclic nucleotides in epileptic brain: effects of pentylenetetrazol on regional cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP levels in vivo. Epilepsia, 1977, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Ethosuximide;	1977
A primate model for testing anticonvulsant drugs. Archives of neurology, 1975, Volume: 32, Issue:5 Topics: Allyl Compounds; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Chromatography, Gas; Diazepam; Disease Mod	1975
[The serum concentration of anticonvulsants -- pharmacokinetic findings and practical therapeutic applications (author's transl)]. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift, 1979, Sep-14, Volume: 91, Issue:17 Topics: Antacids; Anticonvulsants; Biological Availability; Carbamazepine; Chromatography, Gas; Clonazepam;	1979
Efficacy testing of valproic acid compared to ethosuximide in monkey model: I. Dosage regimen design in the presence of diurnal oscillations. Epilepsia, 1977, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biopharmaceutics; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide; Haplorhini; Macac	1977
Efficacy testing of valproic acid compared to ethosuximide in monkey model: II. Seizure, EEG, and diurnal variations. Epilepsia, 1977, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Haplorhini;	1977
Anticonvulsant therapy. Approaches to some common clinical problems. Postgraduate medicine, 1979, Volume: 65, Issue:3 Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adolescent; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Child; Epilepsy; Eth	1979
Influence of anticonvulsants upon acute and chronic focal epileptiform activity in rat neocortex. Activitas nervosa superior, 1977, Volume: 19 Suppl 2 Topics: Animals; Brain; Ethosuximide; Evoked Potentials; Neurons; Rats; Seizures	1977
The temporal dimensions of anticonvulsant action of some newer benzodiazepines against metrazol induced seizures in mice and rats. Medical biology, 1977, Volume: 55, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepines; Clonazepam; Diazepam; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Ethosuximide; Female;	1977
Action of phenytoin, ethosuximide and of the carbidopa-L-dopa association in semi-chronic cobalt-induced epilepsy in the rat. Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1977, Volume: 230, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Carbidopa; Cobalt; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Electroencephalogra	1977
Pharmacological prophylaxis against the development of kindled amygdaloid seizures. Annals of neurology, 1977, Volume: 2, Issue:3 Topics: Acetazolamide; Amygdala; Animals; Cats; Dexamethasone; Electric Stimulation; Ethosuximide; Phenobarb	1977
Di-n-propylacetic acid--profile of anticonvulsant activity in mice. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1976, Volume: 26, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Ethosuximide;	1976
Anticonvulsant drug antagonism of delta9tetrahydrocannabinol-induced seizures in rabbits. Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology, 1977, Volume: 16, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cannabidiol; Cannabinol; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Dose-Response Relationsh	1977
Para-substituted N-acetyl-L(S)- and -D(R)-alpha-amino-N-phenylglutarimides. A structure-activity study of substituent effects on steroselective anticonvulsant activity. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 1976, Volume: 19, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ethosuximide; Male; Mice; Phenytoin; Piperidines; Piperidones; Seizures; S	1976
Antinuclear antibodies and lupus-like syndromes in children receiving anticonvulsants. Pediatrics, 1976, Volume: 57, Issue:4 Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Ethosuximide;	1976
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Physiologic evaluation and experimental approaches to therapy. Annals of internal medicine, 1975, Volume: 82, Issue:4 Topics: Adult; Albumins; Animals; Bilirubin; Crigler-Najjar Syndrome; Ethosuximide; Female; Gilbert Disease;	1975
Drug interaction: diazoxide and diphenylhydantoin. The Journal of pediatrics, 1975, Volume: 87, Issue:3 Topics: Administration, Oral; Adolescent; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Gas; Diazoxide; Drug Therapy, Co	1975
Response of generalized penicillin epilepsy in the cat to ethosuximide and diphenylhydantoin. Neurology, 1975, Volume: 25, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinica	1975
Removal of ethosuximide and phenobarbital by peritoneal dialysis in a child. Clinical pharmacy, 1992, Volume: 11, Issue:12 Topics: Child; Dialysis Solutions; Ethosuximide; Female; Humans; Peritoneal Dialysis; Phenobarbital; Renal I	1992
Correlation between ethosuximide brain levels measured by high performance liquid chromatography and its antiepileptic potential. Research communications in chemical pathology and pharmacology, 1991, Volume: 71, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Electrop	1991
The effect of carbamazepine and ethosuximide on hyperoxic seizures. Epilepsy research, 1991, Volume: 8, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; E	1991
Bilateral microinjection of ethosuximide into the substantia nigra does not prevent amygdala-kindled seizures. Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas, 1990, Volume: 23, Issue:11 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Kindling, Neurologic;	1990
Substantia nigra regulates action of antiepileptic drugs. Brain research, 1990, Jun-18, Volume: 520, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Ma	1990
Influence of calcium channel inhibitors upon the anticonvulsant efficacy of common antiepileptics against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions in mice. Neuropharmacology, 1990, Volume: 29, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Diltiazem; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethosuximi	1990
Ethosuximide affects both pentylenetetrazole- and kainate-induced clonic seizures but differentiates between tonic-clonic seizures. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1989, Volume: 67, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Ethosuximide; Kainic Acid; Male; Pentylenetetrazole; Rats; Rats, Inbred St	1989
Examination of the potential antiepileptic activity of calcium antagonists with different sites of action. General pharmacology, 1989, Volume: 20, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Electroshock; Endoplasmic Reticulum; Ethosuximid	1989
Pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in pigeons and the effects of ethosuximide thereon. Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1989, Volume: 33, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Columbidae; Ethosuximide; Pentylenetetrazole; Seizures; Time Factors	1989
Effect of anticonvulsants on pentylenetetrazol-induced power spectrum changes in electroencephalograms in rats. Epilepsy research, 1987, Volume: 1, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Male; P	1987
Effect of ethosuximide alone and in combination with gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor agonists on brain gamma-aminobutyric acid concentration, anticonvulsant activity and neurotoxicity in mice. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 237, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Ethosuximide; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Isoxazoles; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbre	1986
Sodium valproate, but not ethosuximide, produces use- and voltage-dependent limitation of high frequency repetitive firing of action potentials of mouse central neurons in cell culture. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1986, Volume: 237, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Carbamazepine; Cells, Cultured; Cerebral Cortex; Dose-Response Relations	1986
Evidence for increased activity of mouse brain fatty acid cyclooxygenase following drug-induced convulsions. Brain research, 1987, Apr-07, Volume: 408, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acid; Arachidonic Acids; Brain; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Ethosuximide; Female;	1987
Audiogenic seizures in Wistar rats before and after repeated auditory stimuli: clinical, pharmacological, and electroencephalographic studies. Journal of neural transmission, 1988, Volume: 72, Issue:3 Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Carbamazepine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; El	1988
Treatment of epileptic falling spells with ethosuximide. Brain & development, 1987, Volume: 9, Issue:6 Topics: Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Ethosuximide; Female; Hu	1987
Fluorescence polarization immunoassay for ethosuximide evaluated and compared with two other immunoassay techniques. Clinical chemistry, 1986, Volume: 32, Issue:9 Topics: Ethosuximide; Fluorescence Polarization; Humans; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Seizures	1986
Kindling of audiogenic seizures in the rat. The International journal of neuroscience, 1987, Volume: 36, Issue:3-4 Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Carbamazepine; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Female; Kindling	1987
Effect of stimulus intensity on the profile of anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin, ethosuximide and valproate. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 1985, Volume: 232, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Bicuculline; Electroshock; Ethosuximide; Male; Mice; Pentylenetetrazole; P	1985
Anticonvulsant drugs and the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Federation proceedings, 1985, Volume: 44, Issue:10 Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amitriptyline; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Desipramine; Disease M	1985
Seizure control following administration of anticonvulsant drugs in the quaking mouse. European journal of pharmacology, 1985, Nov-26, Volume: 118, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Ethosuximide; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Qua	1985
Effects of diphenylhydantoin and cholinergic agents on the neuronally isolated cerebral cortex. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology, 1971, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy;	1971
Therapy of seizures in children. American family physician, 1974, Volume: 10, Issue:3 Topics: Child; Diazepam; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Injec	1974
Drug treatment of convulsive disorders. The New England journal of medicine, 1972, Mar-02, Volume: 286, Issue:9 Topics: Acetazolamide; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Child; Diazepam; E	1972
[Anticonvulsants. 7. Treatment of myclonic-astatic epilepsy in small children]. Lakartidningen, 1971, Oct-18, Volume: 68 Topics: Acetazolamide; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Child, Preschool; Diazepam; Epilepsy, Absence; Epilepsy,	1971
Classification and treatment of seizure disorders in children. Virginia medical monthly, 1970, Volume: 97, Issue:2 Topics: Acetazolamide; Adolescent; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Anticonvulsants; Barbiturates; Child; Child,	1970
The effects of drugs on barbiturate withdrawal convulsions in the rat. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 1970, Volume: 22, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Barbiturates; Chlordiazepoxide; Chlorpromazine; Ethanol; Ethosuximide; Female; Humans; Hydr	1970
Anticonvulsant drugs. I. Patho-physiological and pharmacological aspects. Drugs, 1972, Volume: 4, Issue:3 Topics: Acetates; Acetazolamide; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Dibenzazepines; Electroencephalog	1972
A medical and social survey of 231 children with seizures. Epilepsia, 1972, Volume: 13, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Attitude to Health; Child; Child Behavior Disorders; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalog	1972
Dependence of anticonvulsant drug action on central monoamines. Neuropharmacology, 1973, Volume: 12, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Dopamine; Drug Interactions; Electroshock; Ethosuximide; Lethal Dose 50; M	1973
[New methods of seizure treatment in epilepsy]. Munchener medizinische Wochenschrift (1950), 1965, Nov-05, Volume: 107, Issue:45 Topics: Acetazolamide; Anticonvulsants; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Absence; Epilepsy, Tempo	1965
Self-induced seizures. Archives of neurology, 1966, Volume: 15, Issue:6 Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clon	1966
[Extrapyramidal symptoms during the use of anticonvulsants]. Der Nervenarzt, 1969, Volume: 40, Issue:1 Topics: Adolescent; Anticonvulsants; Child; Child, Preschool; Consciousness; Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic; Ethosux	1969
[Experiences with suxilep in childhood epilepsy]. Das Deutsche Gesundheitswesen, 1969, Jan-16, Volume: 24, Issue:3 Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Electroencephalography; Epilepsies, Partial; Epilepsy; Epilepsy, Absence; E	1969
The effect of single and multiple lesions of the limbic system on cerebral excitability. Psychopharmacologia, 1972, Volume: 24, Issue:2 Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain; Ethosuximide; Ethyl Ethers; Fluorine; Hippocampus; Limbic System; Male; Ol	1972
Long-term administration of antiepileptic drugs and the development of rickets. The Journal of pediatrics, 1972, Volume: 81, Issue:1 Topics: Alkaline Phosphatase; Anticonvulsants; Calcium; Diazepam; Ethosuximide; Female; Gluconates; Humans;	1972
[Effect of phenytoin and ethosuximide on the convulsive action of 2,4-dimethylsulfolan]. Acta biologica et medica Germanica, 1971, Volume: 27, Issue:2 Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Animals; Cyclic S-Oxides; Electrodes, Implanted; Ethosuximide; Male; Motor Act	1971
Treatment of generalized epilepsy with acrisuxine. Confinia neurologica, 1969, Volume: 31, Issue:3 Topics: Acridines; Behavior; Body Weight; Child; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy; Ethosuximide; Humans; Int	1969
High frequency electro-shock seizures and their antagonism during postnatal development in the mouse. II. Effects of phenobarbital sodium, mephobarbital, trimethadione, dimethadione, ethosuximide and acetazolamide. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 1969, Volume: 27, Issue:4 Topics: Acetazolamide; Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Electroshock; Ethosuximide;	1969
[Effect of ethosuximide on cobalt-induced "epilepsy" in rats]. Archives internationales de pharmacodynamie et de therapie, 1970, Volume: 186, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Cobalt; Depression, Chemical; Drug Antagonism; Electrodes, Implanted; Ethosuximide; Evoked	1970
Studies on electrically induced-seizures and their antagonism by anticonvulsants during neonatal development in the mouse. Acta pharmacologica et toxicologica, 1967, Volume: 25 Topics: Acetazolamide; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Electric Stimulation; Ethosuximide; Mice;	1967
[Disseminated lupus erythematosis induced by ethosuximeide in a 6-year-old girl]. Lyon medical, 1968, Sep-15, Volume: 220, Issue:37 Topics: Child; Ethosuximide; Female; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Seizures	1968

ethosuximide and Seizures