ethosuximide and Disease Models, Animal studies

Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.
ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.

Disease Models, Animal: Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.

Research Excerpts

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"The goal of our study was to examine the long-term effect of vigabatrin (VGB), a γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibitor on clonazepam (CLO), ethosuximide (ETX) and valproate (VPA) anticonvulsive activity against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice."	7.96	Long-term vigabatrin treatment modifies pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: focused on GABA brain concentration. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Krzyżanowski, M; Świąder, K; Świąder, MJ; Wróbel, A; Zakrocka, I; Łuszczki, JJ, 2020)
" We studied the potential anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide: Different doses of thalidomide were tested against seizures induced by 50 mg/kg or 70 mg/kg of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ); the anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide was also compared with that of valproic acid."	7.74	Thalidomide inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. ( Calderon, A; Palencia, G; Sotelo, J, 2007)
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of interactions between FBM and four conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ESM), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA), in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice, a model of myoclonic seizures in humans."	7.72	Isobolographic and subthreshold analysis of interactions among felbamate and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. ( Borowicz, KK; Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ, 2004)
"The efficacy of Flunarizine (FLU), a calcium channel blocker, in combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), sodium valproate (VPA), and ethosuximide (ESM), at ED50 doses, were examined for protective effects against maximal electroshock seizures (MES) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizures in mice."	7.70	Additive anticonvulsant effect of flunarizine and sodium valproate on electroshock and chemoshock induced seizures in mice. ( David, J; Joseph, S; Joseph, T, 1998)
"Intrathecal administration of antiseizure drugs (ASDs) e."	5.72	Intrathecal application of ethosuximide is highly efficient in suppressing seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. ( Buschhoff, AS; de Mooij-van Malsen, JG; Scherließ, R; Schiffelholz, T; Stephani, U; Wulff, P, 2022)
"The latency, frequency and duration of seizures evaluated using EEG recordings from the frontal and parietal cortices of rats showed significant changes demonstrating the inhibition of paroxystic activity."	5.62	Anticonvulsant activity of Valeriana edulis roots and valepotriates on the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. ( Contreras-Murillo, G; González-Trujano, ME; Hidalgo-Flores, FJ; López-Najera, CA; Magdaleno-Madrigal, VM; Navarrete-Castro, A; Sánchez, CG, 2021)
"The cold-and mechano-allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were measured prior to surgery (the day 0) and 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days post surgery."	5.38	Ethosuximide reduces allodynia and hyperalgesia and potentiates morphine effects in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain. ( Arani, MN; Banafshe, HR; Hamidi, GA; Mesdaghinia, A; Ramezani, MH; Talaei, SA, 2012)
" As a corollary, they also show that long-term use of ETH and GAB is devoid of adverse behavioral and cognitive effects."	5.38	Lack of behavioral and cognitive effects of chronic ethosuximide and gabapentin treatment in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. ( Corrales, A; Flórez, J; García, S; Martínez, P; Martínez-Cué, C; Rueda, N; Sharma, A; Vidal, V, 2012)
"The goal of our study was to examine the long-term effect of vigabatrin (VGB), a γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT) inhibitor on clonazepam (CLO), ethosuximide (ETX) and valproate (VPA) anticonvulsive activity against pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice."	3.96	Long-term vigabatrin treatment modifies pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: focused on GABA brain concentration. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Krzyżanowski, M; Świąder, K; Świąder, MJ; Wróbel, A; Zakrocka, I; Łuszczki, JJ, 2020)
" ethosuximide), using specific protocols, prevent the development of spontaneous absence seizures."	3.91	Antiepileptogenic effects of Ethosuximide and Levetiracetam in WAG/Rij rats are only temporary. ( Caro, C; Citraro, R; Constanti, A; Iannone, M; Leo, A; Nesci, V; Palma, E; Russo, E; Sarro, G; Tallarico, M, 2019)
"We previously showed that nicotine evoked kinetic tremor by activating the inferior olive, which is implicated in the pathogenesis of essential tremor, via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors."	3.88	Pharmacological characterization of nicotine-induced tremor: Responses to anti-tremor and anti-epileptic agents. ( Abe, K; Hashimura, M; Iha, HA; Iwai, C; Kato, M; Kawaji, S; Kawakita, K; Kunisawa, N; Ogawa, M; Ohno, Y; Shimizu, S, 2018)
" The initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice (ip) using the 'classical' maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) tests as well as in the six-Hertz (6Hz) model of pharmacoresistant limbic seizures."	3.83	New hybrid molecules with anticonvulsant and antinociceptive activity derived from 3-methyl- or 3,3-dimethyl-1-[1-oxo-1-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-2-yl]pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. ( Abram, M; Andres-Mach, M; Kamiński, K; Obniska, J; Rapacz, A; Zagaja, M; Łuszczki, JJ, 2016)
"The natural compounds carvacrol and thymol completely prevented seizures in the 6 Hz, 32 mA partial seizure model."	3.80	Seizure prevention by the naturally occurring phenols, carvacrol and thymol in a partial seizure-psychomotor model. ( Baker, MT; Mishra, RK, 2014)
"It was the aim of this study to determine the potential effect of walnut kernel extract (WKE) on experimentally induced seizures in rats and to evaluate the role of benzodiazepines and ethosuximide (ESM) within these pathways."	3.80	Potential mechanisms involved in the anticonvulsant effect of walnut extract on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure. ( Asadi-Shekaari, M; Eslami, A; Joukar, S; Kalantaripour, T, 2014)
" Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed in mice (ip) using the maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizures tests."	3.79	Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new N-Mannich bases derived from 3-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-diones. ( Chlebek, I; Kamiński, K; Obniska, J; Rzepka, S; Wiklik, B, 2013)
"The beneficial effects of chronic and early pharmacological treatment with ethosuximide on epileptogenesis were studied in a genetic absence epilepsy model comorbid for depression."	3.79	Anti-epileptogenesis: Electrophysiology, diffusion tensor imaging and behavior in a genetic absence model. ( Bashyal, C; Blumenfeld, H; Burinov, J; Coman, D; Coquillette, M; Covolato, G; Danielson, N; Edelbroek, P; Frankenmolen, N; Hyder, F; Janeczko, K; Kiemeneij, A; Lüttjohann, A; Mishra, AM; Niermann, H; Schaapsmeerders, P; van Luijtelaar, G; van Rijn, CM, 2013)
"This study was designed so as to characterize the interactions between levetiracetam (LEV) and the conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice by use of type II isobolographic analysis."	3.75	Isobolographic characterization of the anticonvulsant interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model. ( Andres-Mach, MM; Czuczwar, SJ; Dudra-Jastrzebska, M; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2009)
" We studied the potential anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide: Different doses of thalidomide were tested against seizures induced by 50 mg/kg or 70 mg/kg of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ); the anticonvulsant effect of thalidomide was also compared with that of valproic acid."	3.74	Thalidomide inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. ( Calderon, A; Palencia, G; Sotelo, J, 2007)
"Isobolographic analysis was used to characterize the interactions between stiripentol (STP) and clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ETS), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA) in suppressing pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures in mice."	3.73	Characterization of the anticonvulsant, behavioral and pharmacokinetic interaction profiles of stiripentol in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, and valproate using isobolographic analysis. ( Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ; Patsalos, PN; Ratnaraj, N, 2006)
" The aim of this study was to evaluate the profile of interactions between FBM and four conventional antiepileptic drugs (AEDs): clonazepam (CZP), ethosuximide (ESM), phenobarbital (PB), and valproate (VPA), in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions in mice, a model of myoclonic seizures in humans."	3.72	Isobolographic and subthreshold analysis of interactions among felbamate and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. ( Borowicz, KK; Czuczwar, SJ; Luszczki, JJ, 2004)
"Action of ethosuximide (ESI) against two types of experimental seizures elicited by systemic administration of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and characterized by spike-and-wave activity in the EEG was studied in immature rats 18 and 25 days old, i."	3.70	Ontogeny of ethosuximide action against two seizure models in rats is different. ( Mares, P, 1998)
"The efficacy of Flunarizine (FLU), a calcium channel blocker, in combination with conventional antiepileptic drugs, phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), sodium valproate (VPA), and ethosuximide (ESM), at ED50 doses, were examined for protective effects against maximal electroshock seizures (MES) and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induced seizures in mice."	3.70	Additive anticonvulsant effect of flunarizine and sodium valproate on electroshock and chemoshock induced seizures in mice. ( David, J; Joseph, S; Joseph, T, 1998)
"The interaction of 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, with the protective activity of conventional antiepileptics against pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures was tested in mice."	3.70	7-Nitroindazole, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, enhances the anticonvulsive action of ethosuximide and clonazepam against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions. ( Borowicz, KK; Czuczwar, SJ; Kleinrok, Z; Luszczki, J, 2000)
"Senegalese baboons (Papio papio), with a natural syndrome of photosensitive epilepsy, consistently show generalized myoclonic jerks if stimulated stroboscopically at hourly intervals, two to eight hours after the intravenous administration of allylglycine, 200 mg/kg."	3.65	A primate model for testing anticonvulsant drugs. ( Horton, RW; Meldrum, BS; Toseland, PA, 1975)
"Intrathecal administration of antiseizure drugs (ASDs) e."	1.72	Intrathecal application of ethosuximide is highly efficient in suppressing seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. ( Buschhoff, AS; de Mooij-van Malsen, JG; Scherließ, R; Schiffelholz, T; Stephani, U; Wulff, P, 2022)
"The latency, frequency and duration of seizures evaluated using EEG recordings from the frontal and parietal cortices of rats showed significant changes demonstrating the inhibition of paroxystic activity."	1.62	Anticonvulsant activity of Valeriana edulis roots and valepotriates on the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. ( Contreras-Murillo, G; González-Trujano, ME; Hidalgo-Flores, FJ; López-Najera, CA; Magdaleno-Madrigal, VM; Navarrete-Castro, A; Sánchez, CG, 2021)
"The antiseizure drug, carbamazepine (CBZ), and the antiabsence drug, ethosuximide (ETX), were administered separately to determine if they selectively suppressed unilateral- versus bilateral-onset SWDs, respectively."	1.62	Sensitivity of unilateral- versus bilateral-onset spike-wave discharges to ethosuximide and carbamazepine in the fluid percussion injury rat model of traumatic brain injury. ( Barth, DS; Dudek, FE; Poulsen, DJ; Smith, ZZ; Tatum, S; Taylor, JA, 2021)
"Consistently, it is possible that absence seizures, depressive-like behavior and cognitive deficit may arise independently and separately in lifetime from the same underlying network disease, as previously suggested for the behavioral features associated with other epileptic syndromes."	1.51	Cognitive impairment in the WAG/Rij rat absence model is secondary to absence seizures and depressive-like behavior. ( Citraro, R; De Sarro, G; Fedosova, E; Iannone, M; Leo, A; Nesci, V; Russo, E; Sarkisova, K; Tallarico, M, 2019)
"Then, spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS), neuronal loss and astrogliosis were assessed."	1.51	The effects of lamotrigine and ethosuximide on seizure frequency, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in a model of temporal-lobe epilepsy. ( Chen, Y; Sun, M; van Luijtelaar, G; Wang, J; Wang, Q, 2019)
"elegans unc-49 model of seizure-like activity presents an ethical, higher throughput alternative to conventional rodent seizure models for initial AED screens."	1.48	A Caenorhabditis elegans assay of seizure-like activity optimised for identifying antiepileptic drugs and their mechanisms of action. ( Barclay, JW; Burgoyne, RD; Cunliffe, VT; Dodd, S; Grimes, D; Jones, A; Marson, AG; Morgan, A; Sills, GJ; Wong, SQ, 2018)
"Nonconvulsive seizures did not appear to change or they decreased."	1.42	Suppression of adult neurogenesis increases the acute effects of kainic acid. ( Burghardt, NS; Denny, CA; Drew, LJ; Friedman, D; Hen, R; Hsieh, J; Iyengar, SS; LaFrancois, JJ; Scharfman, HE; Wu, MV, 2015)
"The cold-and mechano-allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were measured prior to surgery (the day 0) and 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days post surgery."	1.38	Ethosuximide reduces allodynia and hyperalgesia and potentiates morphine effects in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain. ( Arani, MN; Banafshe, HR; Hamidi, GA; Mesdaghinia, A; Ramezani, MH; Talaei, SA, 2012)
" As a corollary, they also show that long-term use of ETH and GAB is devoid of adverse behavioral and cognitive effects."	1.38	Lack of behavioral and cognitive effects of chronic ethosuximide and gabapentin treatment in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. ( Corrales, A; Flórez, J; García, S; Martínez, P; Martínez-Cué, C; Rueda, N; Sharma, A; Vidal, V, 2012)
"Essential tremor is a common disorder that lacks molecular targets for therapeutic development."	1.36	T-type calcium channel antagonists suppress tremor in two mouse models of essential tremor. ( Covey, DF; Handforth, A; Homanics, GE; Krishnan, K; Lee, JY; Martin, FC; Quesada, A; Sakimura, K, 2010)
"The results suggest that seizure activity is necessary for the expression of depression-like behavioral symptoms and confirm that epileptogenesis can be prevented by early and chronic treatment."	1.36	Spike-wave discharges are necessary for the expression of behavioral depression-like symptoms. ( Kulikov, MA; Kuznetsova, GD; Sarkisova, KY; van Luijtelaar, G, 2010)
"Models of genetic absence epilepsy are resistant to secondary generalization of focal limbic seizures."	1.36	Localized cortical injections of ethosuximide suppress spike-and-wave activity and reduce the resistance to kindling in genetic absence epilepsy rats (GAERS). ( Akin, D; Carçak, N; Gülhan Aker, R; Onat, FY; Sakalli, E; Tezcan, K, 2010)
"Children with Down syndrome are highly susceptible to infantile spasms."	1.35	Infantile spasms and Down syndrome: a new animal model. ( Aleem, IS; Ashraf, A; Cortez, MA; Kanawaty, A; Liu, CC; Sadeghnia, HR; Shen, L; Snead, OC; Stewart, L; Trepanier, CH; Wu, Y, 2009)
" Moreover, the flexible chip may offer advantages over conventional drug delivery devices by improvement of dosing precision, ease of operation, wider versatility of elution pattern, and better compliance."	1.35	A flexible drug delivery chip for the magnetically-controlled release of anti-epileptic drugs. ( Chen, SY; Hu, SH; Huang, WC; Liu, DM; Liu, KH, 2009)
"Angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy was also suppressed in Ca(v)3."	1.35	The Ca(v)3.2 T-type Ca(2+) channel is required for pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. ( Campbell, KP; Chang, D; Chang, YT; Chen, CC; Chen, JJ; Chen, YC; Chen, YH; Chiang, CS; Chieng, H; Huang, CH; Shin, HS, 2009)
"Thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia occurred in both hind paws and forepaws by 7 d postlesion and were maintained >31 d."	1.35	Maladaptive homeostatic plasticity in a rodent model of central pain syndrome: thalamic hyperexcitability after spinothalamic tract lesions. ( Thompson, SM; Wang, G, 2008)
"Oral ethosuximide was given from age p21 to 5 months, covering the usual period in which seizures develop in this model (age approximately 3 months)."	1.35	Early treatment suppresses the development of spike-wave epilepsy in a rat model. ( Agarwal, RK; Bashyal, C; Blumenfeld, H; Englot, DJ; Giblin, K; Khera, DS; Klein, JP; Levin, AR; Mission, J; Motelow, J; Nersesyan, H; Paul-Laughinghouse, C; Phadke, A; Rice, T; Schridde, U; Vestal, M; Wang, F; Waxman, SG, 2008)
"Ethosuximide (ESM) also was used to block seizure activity."	1.33	Imaging the neural substrates involved in the genesis of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. ( Brevard, ME; Ferris, CF; King, JA; Kulkarni, P, 2006)
" However, dose-response studies showed that lower doses of CGP35348 that failed to influence atypical absence seizure activity, completely reversed the spatial working memory deficit."	1.33	GABAB receptor antagonism abolishes the learning impairments in rats with chronic atypical absence seizures. ( Burnham, WM; Chan, KF; Cortez, MA; Jia, Z; Snead, OC, 2006)
"Absence epilepsy is characterised by recurrent periods of physical and mental inactivity coupled to bilateral, synchronous spike and wave discharges (SWDs) on the electroencephalogram."	1.32	Targeting thalamic nuclei is not sufficient for the full anti-absence action of ethosuximide in a rat model of absence epilepsy. ( Barnes, D; Bowery, NG; Caccia, S; Crunelli, V; Leresche, N; Manning, JP; Richards, DA; Rombola, L, 2003)
"Nonconvulsive seizures (NCSs) after traumatic and ischemic brain injury are often refractory to antiepileptic drug therapy and are associated with a decline in patient outcome."	1.32	Antiepileptic drug treatment of nonconvulsive seizures induced by experimental focal brain ischemia. ( Hartings, JA; Lu, XM; Moreton, JE; Tortella, FC; Williams, AJ, 2004)
"PB, VPA, and ESM failed to prevent seizures; however, PB significantly increased the interval of seizures but had no effects on the duration of seizures, whereas VPA decreased the duration of seizures and not the interval."	1.30	Characterization of seizures in the flathead rat: a new genetic model of epilepsy in early postnatal development. ( D'Mello, SR; LoTurco, JJ; Rattan, S; Sarkisian, MR, 1999)
"In haloperidol-treated epileptic rats, LCMRglc decreased to levels comparable to those measured in untreated control rats."	1.28	Mapping of cerebral energy metabolism in rats with genetic generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy. ( Boyet, S; Marescaux, C; Nehlig, A; Vergnes, M, 1992)
"Carbamazepine and phenytoin were ineffective or aggravated the seizures."	1.27	Antiepileptic drug evaluation in a new animal model: spontaneous petit mal epilepsy in the rat. ( Depaulis, A; Marescaux, C; Micheletti, G; Reis, J; Rumbach, L; Vergnes, M; Warter, JM, 1985)
"According to our convulsion intensity scoring system, these animals have an audiogenic response score (ARS) of 3 and the colony is designated the GEPR-3 colony."	1.27	Anticonvulsant drugs and the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. ( Dailey, JW; Jobe, PC, 1985)
"Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB) was administered intravenously to monkeys that had been pretreated orally for 2 weeks with various anticonvulsant drugs or with L-DOPA at different dosage levels."	1.26	Gamma hydroxybutyrate in the monkey. II. Effect of chronic oral anticonvulsant drugs. ( Snead, OC, 1978)
" The dose-response curve for naloxone against seizure activity induced by leucine enkephalin was the same as that in gamma-hydroxybutyrate-induced petit mal."	1.26	Anticonvulsants specific for petit mal antagonize epileptogenic effect of leucine enkephalin. ( Bearden, LJ; Snead, OC, 1980)

Timeframe	Studies, this research(%)	All Research%
pre-1990	15 (13.89)	18.7374
1990's	7 (6.48)	18.2507
2000's	36 (33.33)	29.6817
2010's	43 (39.81)	24.3611
2020's	7 (6.48)	2.80

Trial			Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Randomized, Parallel-group，Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ethosuximide in Chinese Patients With Treatment-Resistant Depression.[NCT03887624]			Early Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-21	Terminated (stopped due to Participates could not stand the side effects)
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Article	Year
Pharmacological and biochemical studies in epileptic fowl. Federation proceedings, 1979, Volume: 38, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzodiazepinones; Brain; Chickens; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide;	1979
Effects of different classes of antiepileptic drugs on brain-stem pathways. Federation proceedings, 1985, Volume: 44, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Baclofen; Brain Stem; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock;	1985

Article	Year
Design and synthesis of anticonvulsants from a combined phthalimide-GABA-anilide and hydrazone pharmacophore. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2007, Volume: 42, Issue:2 Topics: Anilides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hydrazones; Mal	2007
Discovery of 4-aminobutyric acid derivatives possessing anticonvulsant and antinociceptive activities: a hybrid pharmacophore approach. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2007, May-17, Volume: 50, Issue:10 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hyperalgesia;	2007
Newer GABA derivatives for the treatment of epilepsy including febrile seizures: a bioisosteric approach. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2008, Volume: 43, Issue:12 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Design; Dru	2008
Novel limonene and citral based 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles: a natural product coupled approach to semicarbazones for antiepileptic activity. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2013, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3 Topics: Acyclic Monoterpenes; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Binding Sites; Cyclohexenes; Disease Models, Animal;	2013
Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation of N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylcarbamoyl)-2-methyl-4-oxoquinazoline-3(4H)-carbothioamide derivatives: a hybrid pharmacophore approach. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2013, Volume: 67 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models,	2013
Design, synthesis and anticonvulsant properties of new N-Mannich bases derived from 3-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-diones. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2013, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhib	2013
Novel fluorinated pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-2,6-dione derivatives: synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation in animal models of epilepsy. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2014, Oct-01, Volume: 22, Issue:19 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electroshock; Ep	2014
Seizure prevention by the naturally occurring phenols, carvacrol and thymol in a partial seizure-psychomotor model. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2014, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cymenes; Disease Models, Animal; Monoterpenes; Phenols; Psychomotor Perfor	2014
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new hybrid anticonvulsants derived from N-benzyl-2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamide and 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamide derivatives. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2015, May-15, Volume: 23, Issue:10 Topics: Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Benzylamines; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response R	2015
Design, synthesis, and anticonvulsant activity of new hybrid compounds derived from 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)propanamides and 2-(2,5-dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl)butanamides. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, Jul-09, Volume: 58, Issue:13 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Design; Ele	2015
Design, synthesis and biological activity of new amides derived from 3-methyl-3-phenyl-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetic acid. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, Sep-18, Volume: 102 Topics: Acetates; Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	2015
Synthesis of 2,6-dicarbethoxy-3,5-diaryltetrahydro-1,4-thiazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives as potent anticonvulsant agents. European journal of medicinal chemistry, 2015, Dec-01, Volume: 106 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Crystallography, X-Ray; Cyclic S-Oxides; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Resp	2015
New hybrid molecules with anticonvulsant and antinociceptive activity derived from 3-methyl- or 3,3-dimethyl-1-[1-oxo-1-(4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)propan-2-yl]pyrrolidine-2,5-diones. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2016, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4 Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Elec	2016
Synthesis, and anticonvulsant activity of new amides derived from 3-methyl- or 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2,5-dioxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl-acetic acids. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2016, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8 Topics: Amides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electros	2016
Design and synthesis of novel anti-hyperalgesic agents based on 6-prenylnaringenin as the T-type calcium channel blockers. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 2018, 08-15, Volume: 26, Issue:15 Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Disease	2018
Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice. Science translational medicine, 2019, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500 Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell-Free System; Dermatitis, Contact; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglia, S	2019
Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49 Topics: Animals; Antiviral Agents; Artificial Intelligence; Chlorocebus aethiops; Disease Models, Animal; Dr	2020
Intrathecal application of ethosuximide is highly efficient in suppressing seizures in a genetic model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsy research, 2022, Volume: 184 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Epilepsy, Generalized; E	2022
Long-term vigabatrin treatment modifies pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice: focused on GABA brain concentration. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2020, Volume: 72, Issue:2 Topics: 4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; D	2020
Response of spike-wave discharges in aged APP/PS1 Alzheimer model mice to antiepileptic, metabolic and cholinergic drugs. Scientific reports, 2020, 07-16, Volume: 10, Issue:1 Topics: 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; Action Potentials; Alzheimer Disease; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Atropine; Dis	2020
Anticonvulsant activity of Valeriana edulis roots and valepotriates on the pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2021, Jan-30, Volume: 265 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Computer Simulation; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Ethos	2021
First evidence of altered microbiota and intestinal damage and their link to absence epilepsy in a genetic animal model, the WAG/Rij rat. Epilepsia, 2021, Volume: 62, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticonvulsants; Bacteroidetes; Butyrates; Colon; Disease Models, An	2021
Sensitivity of unilateral- versus bilateral-onset spike-wave discharges to ethosuximide and carbamazepine in the fluid percussion injury rat model of traumatic brain injury. Journal of neurophysiology, 2021, 06-01, Volume: 125, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Electroc	2021
A novel device for continuous long-term electroencephalogram recording and drug administration in mice with a nice, powerful and sophisticated wired system. Journal of neuroscience methods, 2017, Jul-15, Volume: 286 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Waves; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Dr	2017
Long-term negative impact of an inappropriate first antiepileptic medication on the efficacy of a second antiepileptic medication in mice. Epilepsia, 2018, Volume: 59, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Electroencephalography;	2018
Pharmacological characterization of nicotine-induced tremor: Responses to anti-tremor and anti-epileptic agents. Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2018, Volume: 137, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium Channel Blockers; Carbama	2018
Lack of Antidepressant Effects of Low-Voltage-Sensitive T-Type Calcium Channel Blocker Ethosuximide in a Chronic Social Defeat Stress Model: Comparison with (R)-Ketamine. The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2018, 11-01, Volume: 21, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Depressive Disor	2018
A Caenorhabditis elegans assay of seizure-like activity optimised for identifying antiepileptic drugs and their mechanisms of action. Journal of neuroscience methods, 2018, 11-01, Volume: 309 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Convulsants; Dise	2018
The effects of lamotrigine and ethosuximide on seizure frequency, neuronal loss, and astrogliosis in a model of temporal-lobe epilepsy. Brain research, 2019, 06-01, Volume: 1712 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; E	2019
Inhibition of Ca British journal of pharmacology, 2019, Volume: 176, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Colon; Dextran Sulfa	2019
Cognitive impairment in the WAG/Rij rat absence model is secondary to absence seizures and depressive-like behavior. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2019, 08-30, Volume: 94 Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cognitive Dysfunction; Comorbidity; Depression; Disease Mode	2019
Antiepileptogenic effects of Ethosuximide and Levetiracetam in WAG/Rij rats are only temporary. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2019, Volume: 71, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Duration of Therapy;	2019
Anti-epileptogenesis: Electrophysiology, diffusion tensor imaging and behavior in a genetic absence model. Neurobiology of disease, 2013, Volume: 60 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Depression; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Disease Mod	2013
Teratogenic potential of antiepileptic drugs in the zebrafish model. BioMed research international, 2013, Volume: 2013 Topics: Acetamides; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide; Female; F	2013
Synthesis, physicochemical, and anticonvulsant properties of new N-Mannich bases derived from pyrrolidine-2,5-dione and its 3-methyl analog. Archiv der Pharmazie, 2014, Volume: 347, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug	2014
Potential mechanisms involved in the anticonvulsant effect of walnut extract on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure. Medical principles and practice : international journal of the Kuwait University, Health Science Centre, 2014, Volume: 23, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug S	2014
Suppression of adult neurogenesis increases the acute effects of kainic acid. Experimental neurology, 2015, Volume: 264 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doublecortin Dom	2015
Chronic intrathecal infusion of mibefradil, ethosuximide and nickel attenuates nerve ligation-induced pain in rats. British journal of anaesthesia, 2015, Volume: 115, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide; Ligation;	2015
Ethosuximide ameliorates neurodegenerative disease phenotypes by modulating DAF-16/FOXO target gene expression. Molecular neurodegeneration, 2015, Sep-29, Volume: 10 Topics: Animals; Caenorhabditis elegans; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximi	2015
Ethosuximide Induces Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Reverses Cognitive Deficits in an Amyloid-β Toxin-induced Alzheimer Rat Model via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Akt/Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. The Journal of biological chemistry, 2015, Nov-20, Volume: 290, Issue:47 Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; beta Catenin; Cell Differentiation; Cell Prolifer	2015
Interactions between an antidepressant reboxetine and four classic antiepileptic drugs in the mouse model of myoclonic seizures. Pharmacological reports : PR, 2015, Volume: 67, Issue:6 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Avoidance Learning; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Ani	2015
Isolated P/Q Calcium Channel Deletion in Layer VI Corticothalamic Neurons Generates Absence Epilepsy. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2016, Jan-13, Volume: 36, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channels, N-Type; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethos	2016
Enhancement of anti-absence effects of ethosuximide by low doses of a noncompetitive alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor antagonist in a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsy & behavior : E&B, 2008, Volume: 13, Issue:2 Topics: alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex;	2008
Maladaptive homeostatic plasticity in a rodent model of central pain syndrome: thalamic hyperexcitability after spinothalamic tract lesions. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2008, Nov-12, Volume: 28, Issue:46 Topics: Action Potentials; Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T	2008
The Ca(v)3.2 T-type Ca(2+) channel is required for pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice. Circulation research, 2009, Feb-27, Volume: 104, Issue:4 Topics: Angiotensin II; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Aorta; Blood Pressure; Calcineurin; Calcium Channel Block	2009
Infantile spasms and Down syndrome: a new animal model. Pediatric research, 2009, Volume: 65, Issue:5 Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Baclofen; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Down Syndrome; E	2009
Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors of a rat model with absence epileptic discharges. Neuroscience, 2009, May-05, Volume: 160, Issue:2 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy,	2009
A flexible drug delivery chip for the magnetically-controlled release of anti-epileptic drugs. Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society, 2009, Nov-03, Volume: 139, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disease Models, An	2009
Isobolographic characterization of the anticonvulsant interaction profiles of levetiracetam in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate in the mouse pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure model. Seizure, 2009, Volume: 18, Issue:9 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Clonazepam; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Drug T	2009
Spike-wave discharges are necessary for the expression of behavioral depression-like symptoms. Epilepsia, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Depressive Disorder;	2010
Comparison of the antiepileptogenic effects of an early long-term treatment with ethosuximide or levetiracetam in a genetic animal model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsia, 2010, Volume: 51, Issue:8 Topics: Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D	2010
Localized cortical injections of ethosuximide suppress spike-and-wave activity and reduce the resistance to kindling in genetic absence epilepsy rats (GAERS). Epilepsy research, 2010, Volume: 89, Issue:1 Topics: Amygdala; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; E	2010
T-type calcium channel antagonists suppress tremor in two mouse models of essential tremor. Neuropharmacology, 2010, Volume: 59, Issue:6 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T-Type; C	2010
Effect of intracranial administration of ethosuximide in rats with spontaneous or pentylenetetrazol-induced spike-wave discharges. Epilepsia, 2011, Volume: 52, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Infusions,	2011
Effects of WIN 55,212-2 mesylate (a synthetic cannabinoid) on the protective action of clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital and valproate against pentylenetetrazole-induced clonic seizures in mice. Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2011, Dec-01, Volume: 35, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Benzoxazines; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Cl	2011
Does antiepileptogenesis affect sleep in genetic epileptic rats? International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology, 2012, Volume: 85, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electrodes, Implanted; Electroe	2012
Ethosuximide reduces allodynia and hyperalgesia and potentiates morphine effects in the chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain. European journal of pharmacology, 2012, Jan-15, Volume: 674, Issue:2-3 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Cold Temperature; Constriction; Disease Model	2012
A rat model for LGI1-related epilepsies. Human molecular genetics, 2012, Aug-15, Volume: 21, Issue:16 Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carbamazepine; Cells, Cultured; Chlorocebus ae	2012
Lack of behavioral and cognitive effects of chronic ethosuximide and gabapentin treatment in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome. Neuroscience, 2012, Sep-18, Volume: 220 Topics: Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Disease	2012
Effects of classical antiepileptics on thresholds for phenomena induced by cortical stimulation in rats. The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 2002, Volume: 54, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electroencephalography; Elec	2002
Effects of antiepileptic drugs on induced epileptiform activity in a rat model of dysplasia. Epilepsy research, 2002, Volume: 50, Issue:3 Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; Action Potentials; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Disea	2002
Conventional anticonvulsant drugs in the guinea pig kindling model of partial seizures: effects of acute phenobarbital, valproate, and ethosuximide. Experimental brain research, 2002, Volume: 146, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Epilepsies, Part	2002
Is spontaneous high-voltage rhythmic spike discharge in Long Evans rats an absence-like seizure activity? Journal of neurophysiology, 2004, Volume: 91, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Arousal; Behavior, Animal; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electr	2004
Targeting thalamic nuclei is not sufficient for the full anti-absence action of ethosuximide in a rat model of absence epilepsy. Epilepsy research, 2003, Volume: 54, Issue:2-3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Delivery Systems; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuxi	2003
Antiepileptic drug treatment of nonconvulsive seizures induced by experimental focal brain ischemia. The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2004, Volume: 311, Issue:1 Topics: Amines; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Infarction; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Cyclohexanecarbo	2004
Isobolographic and subthreshold analysis of interactions among felbamate and four conventional antiepileptic drugs in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice. Epilepsia, 2004, Volume: 45, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; D	2004
Ethosuximide and valproate display high efficacy against lindane-induced seizures in mice. Toxicology letters, 2004, Dec-01, Volume: 154, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Co	2004
Development of a new genetic model for absence epilepsy: spike-wave seizures in C3H/He and backcross mice. The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2005, Mar-30, Volume: 25, Issue:13 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Mapping; Chromosome Mapping; Disease Models, A	2005
Pharmacologic evidence for abnormal thalamocortical functioning in GABA receptor beta3 subunit-deficient mice, a model of Angelman syndrome. Epilepsia, 2005, Volume: 46, Issue:12 Topics: Angelman Syndrome; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Baclofen; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Elec	2005
The effects of ethosuximide on amino acids in genetic absence epilepsy rat model. Journal of pharmacological sciences, 2006, Volume: 100, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosux	2006
Imaging the neural substrates involved in the genesis of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Brain Mapping; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Abs	2006
GABAB receptor antagonism abolishes the learning impairments in rats with chronic atypical absence seizures. European journal of pharmacology, 2006, Jul-10, Volume: 541, Issue:1-2 Topics: Animals; Anticholesteremic Agents; Anticonvulsants; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Re	2006
Characterization of the anticonvulsant, behavioral and pharmacokinetic interaction profiles of stiripentol in combination with clonazepam, ethosuximide, phenobarbital, and valproate using isobolographic analysis. Epilepsia, 2006, Volume: 47, Issue:11 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain Chemistry; Clonazepam; Dioxolanes; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Inte	2006
Effects of intrathecal injection of T-type calcium channel blockers in the rat formalin test. Behavioural pharmacology, 2007, Volume: 18, Issue:1 Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response R	2007
Conventional anticonvulsant drugs in the guinea-pig kindling model of partial seizures: effects of repeated administration. Experimental brain research, 2007, Volume: 178, Issue:1 Topics: Action Potentials; Amygdala; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal;	2007
Sleep-related epilepsy in the A/J mouse. Sleep, 2007, Volume: 30, Issue:2 Topics: Alleles; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chromosomes, Mammalian; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Electro	2007
Thalidomide inhibits pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. Journal of the neurological sciences, 2007, Jul-15, Volume: 258, Issue:1-2 Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Respo	2007
T-current related effects of antiepileptic drugs and a Ca2+ channel antagonist on thalamic relay and local circuit interneurons in a rat model of absence epilepsy. Neuropharmacology, 2007, Volume: 53, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, T-Type; Dise	2007
Reduced cortical inhibition in a mouse model of familial childhood absence epilepsy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007, Oct-30, Volume: 104, Issue:44 Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Genetic Predisposition to Disease;	2007
Early treatment suppresses the development of spike-wave epilepsy in a rat model. Epilepsia, 2008, Volume: 49, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Anticonvulsants; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Cation Channels	2008
Anticonvulsants specific for petit mal antagonize epileptogenic effect of leucine enkephalin. Science (New York, N.Y.), 1980, Nov-28, Volume: 210, Issue:4473 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosu	1980
Effect of antiepileptic drugs and an anticonvulsant on epileptiform activity induced by antibodies to ganglioside. Experimental neurology, 1982, Volume: 78, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Aminooxyacetic Acid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cobalt; Diazepam; Disease Models,	1982
Increasing-current electroshock seizure test: a new method for assessment of anti- and pro-convulsant activities of drugs in mice. Journal of pharmacological and toxicological methods, 1996, Volume: 35, Issue:1 Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Convulsants; Diazepam; Disease Models,	1996
Ontogeny of ethosuximide action against two seizure models in rats is different. Life sciences, 1998, Volume: 63, Issue:3 Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Ethosux	1998
Additive anticonvulsant effect of flunarizine and sodium valproate on electroshock and chemoshock induced seizures in mice. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1998, Volume: 42, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Drug Synergism;	1998
Pharmacological profiles of absence seizure-induced increases in CRE- and AP-1 DNA-binding activities in gamma-butyrolactone-treated mice. Nihon shinkei seishin yakurigaku zasshi = Japanese journal of psychopharmacology, 1998, Volume: 18, Issue:4 Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Activating Transcription Factor 2; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Brain Chemistry	1998
Characterization of seizures in the flathead rat: a new genetic model of epilepsy in early postnatal development. Epilepsia, 1999, Volume: 40, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroe	1999
Sleep and epilepsy: A key role for nitric oxide? Epilepsia, 2000, Volume: 41, Issue:7 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Brain; Cerebral Cortex; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Electroe	2000
7-Nitroindazole, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, enhances the anticonvulsive action of ethosuximide and clonazepam against pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions. Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 2000, Volume: 107, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Avoidance Learning; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions;	2000
Repeated administration of CGP 46381, a gamma-aminobutyric acidB antagonist, and ethosuximide suppresses seizure-associated cyclic adenosine 3'5' monophosphate response element- and activator protein-1 DNA-binding activities in lethargic (lh/lh) mice. Neuroscience letters, 2001, Jan-19, Volume: 297, Issue:3 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Cerebellum; Cerebral Cortex; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein;	2001
Comparative profiles of sodium valproate and ethosuximide on electro-behavioural correlates in gamma-hydroxybutyrate and pentylenetetrazol induced absence seizures in rats. Indian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2000, Volume: 44, Issue:4 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy, Abs	2000
Interaction of flunarizine with sodium valproate or ethosuximide in gamahydroxybutyrate induced absence seizures in rats. Indian journal of experimental biology, 2001, Volume: 39, Issue:10 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Calcium Channel Blockers; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Drug	2001
Gamma hydroxybutyrate in the monkey. II. Effect of chronic oral anticonvulsant drugs. Neurology, 1978, Volume: 28, Issue:7 Topics: Administration, Oral; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epil	1978
A primate model for testing anticonvulsant drugs. Archives of neurology, 1975, Volume: 32, Issue:5 Topics: Allyl Compounds; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Chromatography, Gas; Diazepam; Disease Mod	1975
Efficacy testing of valproic acid compared to ethosuximide in monkey model: I. Dosage regimen design in the presence of diurnal oscillations. Epilepsia, 1977, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Biopharmaceutics; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Ethosuximide; Haplorhini; Macac	1977
Efficacy testing of valproic acid compared to ethosuximide in monkey model: II. Seizure, EEG, and diurnal variations. Epilepsia, 1977, Volume: 18, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Ethosuximide; Haplorhini;	1977
Epileptiform seizures in domestic fowl. IX. Implications of the absence of anticonvulsant activity of ethosuximide in a pharmacological model of epilepsy. Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 1978, Volume: 56, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chickens; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Ethosuximide; Light; Poultry D	1978
Response of generalized penicillin epilepsy in the cat to ethosuximide and diphenylhydantoin. Neurology, 1975, Volume: 25, Issue:8 Topics: Animals; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinica	1975
Influence of phenobarbital on ECoG phenomena induced by metrazol in rats during ontogenesis. Physiological research, 1992, Volume: 41, Issue:2 Topics: Aging; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Clonazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Dru	1992
Mapping of cerebral energy metabolism in rats with genetic generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy. Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum, 1992, Volume: 35 Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Energy Metabolism; Ep	1992
Temporal lobe and petit mal antiepileptics differentially affect ventral lateral thalamic and motor cortex excitability patterns. Brain research, 1988, Nov-15, Volume: 473, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Carbamazepine; Cats; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Evoked Potent	1988
Antiepileptic drug evaluation in a new animal model: spontaneous petit mal epilepsy in the rat. Arzneimittel-Forschung, 1985, Volume: 35, Issue:2 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Diazepam; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclini	1985
Anticonvulsant drugs and the genetically epilepsy-prone rat. Federation proceedings, 1985, Volume: 44, Issue:10 Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amitriptyline; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Carbamazepine; Desipramine; Disease M	1985
Pharmacological evaluation of various metabolites and analogues of valproic acid. Anticonvulsant and toxic potencies in mice. Neuropharmacology, 1985, Volume: 24, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Epilepsy; Ethosuxim	1985
Effects of diphenylhydantoin and cholinergic agents on the neuronally isolated cerebral cortex. Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology, 1971, Volume: 30, Issue:5 Topics: Animals; Atropine; Cats; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Epilepsy;	1971

ethosuximide and Disease Models, Animal

Research Excerpts

Research

Studies (108)

Authors

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

Reviews

Trials

Other Studies

Authors	Studies
Ragavendran, JV	3
Sriram, D	3
Patel, SK	1
Reddy, IV	1
Bharathwajan, N	1
Stables, J	3
Yogeeswari, P	3
Nageswari, Y	1
Kavya, R	1
Sreevatsan, N	1
Vanitha, K	1
Kotapati, S	1
Rajak, H	1
Singh Thakur, B	1
Singh, A	1
Raghuvanshi, K	1
Sah, AK	1
Veerasamy, R	1
Sharma, PC	1
Singh Pawar, R	1
Kharya, MD	1
Malik, S	1
Bahare, RS	1
Khan, SA	1
Kamiński, K	7
Obniska, J	6
Chlebek, I	1
Wiklik, B	1
Rzepka, S	1
Dawidowski, M	1
Chońska, J	1
Mika, W	1
Turło, J	1
Mishra, RK	1
Baker, MT	1
Rapacz, A	6
Łuszczki, JJ	4
Latacz, G	2
Kieć-Kononowicz, K	2
Filipek, B	3
Zagaja, M	2
Andres-Mach, M	3
Rybka, S	3
Powroźnik, B	1
Pękala, E	1
Żmudzki, P	2
Edayadulla, N	1
Ramesh, P	1
Abram, M	1
Góra, M	1
Sałat, K	1
Du Nguyen, H	1
Okada, T	1
Kitamura, S	1
Yamaoka, S	1
Horaguchi, Y	1
Kasanami, Y	1
Sekiguchi, F	1
Tsubota, M	1
Yoshida, S	1
Nishikawa, H	1
Kawabata, A	1
Toyooka, N	1
Solinski, HJ	1
Dranchak, P	1
Oliphant, E	1
Gu, X	1
Earnest, TW	1
Braisted, J	1
Inglese, J	1
Hoon, MA	1
Abrams, RPM	1
Yasgar, A	1
Teramoto, T	1
Lee, MH	1
Dorjsuren, D	1
Eastman, RT	1
Malik, N	1
Zakharov, AV	1
Li, W	1
Bachani, M	1
Brimacombe, K	1
Steiner, JP	1
Hall, MD	1
Balasubramanian, A	1
Jadhav, A	1
Padmanabhan, R	1
Simeonov, A	1
Nath, A	1
Buschhoff, AS	1
Scherließ, R	1
de Mooij-van Malsen, JG	1
Schiffelholz, T	1
Stephani, U	1
Wulff, P	1
Świąder, MJ	1
Świąder, K	1
Zakrocka, I	1
Krzyżanowski, M	1
Wróbel, A	1
Czuczwar, SJ	8
Jin, N	1
Ziyatdinova, S	1
Gureviciene, I	1
Tanila, H	1
González-Trujano, ME	1
Contreras-Murillo, G	1
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Magdaleno-Madrigal, VM	1
Citraro, R	6
Lembo, F	1
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Iannone, M	3
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Taylor, JA	1
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Hyder, F	1
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van Rijn, CM	1
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Kang, JW	1
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Lee, JE	1
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Iyengar, SS	1
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Friedman, D	1
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Tsaur, ML	1
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Chang, YF	1
Wang, YC	1
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Chen, X	1
McCue, HV	1
Kashyap, SS	1
Kraemer, BC	1
Tiwari, SK	1
Seth, B	1
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Karmakar, M	1
Gupta, SK	1
Choubey, V	1
Sharma, A	2
Chaturvedi, RK	1
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Wróblewska, D	1
Borowicz, KK	4
Bomben, VC	1
Aiba, I	1
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Marra, R	1
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Di Paola, ED	2
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Thompson, SM	1
Chiang, CS	1
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Chieng, H	1
Chang, YT	1
Chang, D	1
Chen, JJ	1
Chen, YC	1
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Campbell, KP	1
Chen, CC	2
Cortez, MA	2
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Trepanier, CH	1
Sadeghnia, HR	1
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Kanawaty, A	1
Liu, CC	1
Stewart, L	1
Snead, OC	4
Shaw, FZ	3
Chuang, SH	1
Shieh, KR	1
Wang, YJ	1
Huang, WC	1
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Chen, SY	1
Liu, DM	1
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Patsalos, PN	2
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Homanics, GE	2
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Krishnan, K	1
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Huang, YH	1
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Florek-Luszczki, M	1
Haratym-Maj, A	1
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Ozkaynakçi, AE	1
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Kulkarni, P	1
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Ferris, CF	1
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Jia, Z	1
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Strohl, KP	1
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Munsch, T	1
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Kanyshkova, T	1
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Krestel, H	1
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Sakmann, B	1
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Sprengel, R	1
Petrou, S	1
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Schridde, U	1
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Khera, DS	1
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Rapport, MM	1
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