ergoline and Nausea

Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dopamine; Double-Blind Method; Dystonia; Ergolines; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Paranoid Disorders

Nine patients with various focal dystonias participated in a 12-week, double-blind, crossover comparison of the dopamine agonist, lisuride, and placebo. Lisuride produced mild objective and subjective improvement in six subjects, but the improvement was not sustained with continued therapy. Because the patients generally identified the active drug by side effects, biasing the study toward finding an effect, and because the benefits were mild and transient, we conclude that lisuride is of limited use in the treatment of focal dystonias.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Dystonia; Ergolines; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Random Allocation

Nine patients suffering from Parkinson's disease and 2 cases of Parkinsonian syndrome were treated with bromocriptine, for 41 to 117 days, with a daily dose of 20 to 40 mg. The results were very good in 4 cases, satisfactory in 6 and nil in one case. Improvement concerned akinesias, rigidity and tremor, and was more marked in patients with more advanced signs. In 2 patients, amantadine was stopped. The dose of L-dopa was decreased by 2/3 without any change in clinical condition and L-dopa could be withdrawn in 5 cases out of 8. Bromocriptine appears to be an interesting development in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Topics: Aged; Amantadine; Bromocriptine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Drug Evaluation; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Levodopa; Male; Movement Disorders; Nausea; Parkinson Disease, Secondary

Twenty patients with paralysis agitans took part in a double-blind, cross-over investigation of CB 154 (2-bromo-alpha-ergocryptine) and Madopar (L-Dopa + benserazid (a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor), dose ratio 4:1). Each treatment phase lasted for 8 weeks. Modapar was found to be significantly superior to CB 154 in the treatment of the Parkinson state as a whole (Webster total score) and the individual symptoms of hypokinesia, rigidity and tremor. Compared with pretreatment score, CB 154 had a weak, but significant effect on tremor, but not on the Webster total score, hypokinesia and rigidity. The effect of CB 154, however, varied: four patients preferred CB 154 to Madopar on account of its satisfactory therapeutic effect and fewer side-effects ("on-off" phenomena, hyperkinesia, psychiatric complications); other patients showed neither therapeutic effect nor side-effects of CB 154, which in some cases may be related to too low a dose-level of CB 154 (median 30 mg daily, range 20-60 mg). In the four cases first mentioned which showed a good effect of CB 154, the ratio between the dose of CB 154 and the dose of L-Dopa (in Madopar) was 3.5-10 mg/100 mg, i.e. in certain cases it must be assumed that the maximum dose of CB 154 lies around 120 mg daily.

Topics: Aged; Azides; Benserazide; Bromocriptine; Clinical Trials as Topic; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Combinations; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hydrazines; Hyperkinesis; Levodopa; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced

The effectiveness of five different serotonin antagonists in the prevention of migraine was compared in 290 patients followed for periods of up to three years. Methysergide 3-6 mg. daily was most effective, with 20% of treated patients becoming headache-free and a further 44% remaining more than "half improved." The corresponding figures for BC105 were 10% and 40%, respectively.The results with BC105 were significantly better than those with placebo (P<0.02). The total improvement rates with methdilazine (45%) and cyproheptadine (43%) were better than those with placebo (32%) but did not achieve statistical significance. A new preparation, methylergol carbamide maleate, which is chemically related to methysergide, did not give better results than placebo.

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Cyproheptadine; Ergolines; Female; Histamine H1 Antagonists; Humans; Male; Methysergide; Migraine Disorders; Muscle Cramp; Nausea; Phenothiazines; Placebos; Pyrrolidines; Serotonin Antagonists; Thiophenes

The semisynthetic lisuride derivative transdihydrolisuride (terguride, TDHL) is an effective antiparkinsonian drug. In animals, TDHL appears to possess mixed dopamine agonist-antagonist effects, but this may not be the case in man. Single doses of TDHL were given to 21 subjects with parkinsonism. Overall, TDHL 0.25-0.5 mg caused dose-related improvement in parkinsonism for periods of up to 6 h, although 8 of 21 subjects showed no improvement or deterioration with TDHL 0.5-1 mg. In three patients with levodopa-induced psychosis, the addition of TDHL 0.75 mg daily for 5-10 days did not alter the psychotic state. In three subjects with levodopa-induced dyskinesias, the addition of TDHL 0.75 mg daily for 14 days resulted in a slight increase in the severity of involuntary movements. Side-effects of TDHL, sickness and hypotension, were similar to those observed with levodopa. Transdihydrolisuride caused prolonged inhibition of prolactin release, but unlike levodopa did not elevate plasma growth hormone levels. Additionally, TDHL did cause considerable sedation. These results may be due to combined effects of TDHL on nondopamine as well as dopamine neurotransmitter systems, rather than to partial or incomplete dopamine agonist effects.

Topics: Aged; Blood Pressure; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Movement Disorders; Nausea; Parkinson Disease; Psychoses, Substance-Induced

The ergoline derivative, Metergoline, in a dosage of 4 to 24 mg/day, was administered for one to eight months to 42 patients with hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea. Mean serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations before treatment were 91.2 ng/mL in the patients with functional hyperprolactinemia (N = 29) and 256.9 ng/mL in the patients with pituitary tumor (N = 13). Within four weeks, Metergoline treatment reduced these PRL concentrations to 39.5 ng/mL and 82.9 ng/mL, respectively. In this study Metergoline treatment resulted in restoration of menstruation in a total of 37 patients; 28 patients ovulated, and eight became pregnant. It is considerably more effective in functional hyperprolactinemia than in hyperprolactinemia caused by adenoma.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Amenorrhea; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hyperprolactinemia; Metergoline; Metoclopramide; Nausea; Ovulation; Pituitary Neoplasms; Progesterone; Prolactin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

We used pergolide to treat 10 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease who had first responded to, and then failed, bromocriptine therapy. At the end of 5 years, patients had improved when compared with study entry. Peak efficacy, equal with both drugs, was seen at 12 months. After a mean treatment of 29 months, bromocriptine was no longer effective, but pergolide was still beneficial.

Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Dystonia; Ergolines; Female; Hallucinations; Humans; Levodopa; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Time Factors

The influence of lisuride in three several dosages (600, 750, and 900 micrograms) was studied on prolactin secretion and inhibition of lactation in 30 normal postpartum patients. 10 normal nursing postpartum patients served as controls. A rebound effect of prolactin secretion was demonstrable following lisuride medication during 10 days. This effect did not occur after a therapy lasting 15 days. 600 micrograms of lisuride daily showed a good inhibition of lactation and suppression of prolactin secretion. Severe side effects could be only observed during lisuride treatment with a dosage of 900 micrograms.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ergolines; Female; Headache; Humans; Lactation; Lisuride; Nausea; Pregnancy; Prolactin; Time Factors

Pergolide, an experimental dopamine agonist, was administered to 56 patients with advanced Parkinson disease who were no longer satisfactorily responding to levodopa, including 45 patients with diurnal oscillations in performance: "on-off" phenomena. Lisuride, an experimental dopamine agonist was administered to 63 patients with advanced Parkinson disease. Pergolide or lisuride, when added to levodopa, resulted in a significant decrease in disability in both the "on" and the "off" period, and an increase in the number of hours in which patients were "on". Forty-one of 56 patients (73%) improved on Pergolide. Thirty-seven of 63 patients (59%) improved on lisuride. Mean dose of pergolide was 2.5 mg. (range 0.2 to 10.0 mg.). Mean dose of lisuride was 2.6 mg. (range 0.2 to 5.0 mg.). Pergolide was discontinued in 18 patients because of adverse effects, including an organic confusional syndrome (six patients), dyskinesias (four patients) and cardiovascular abnormalities (three patients). Lisuride was discontinued in 26 patients because of adverse effects, including an organic confusional syndrome (15 patients), dyskinesias (five patients) and vasospasm (two patients). Pergolide was discontinued in nine patients and lisuride in 12 because of a lack of effect or a declining effect. Both drugs are equally useful in patients with advanced Parkinson disease.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Antiparkinson Agents; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Cognition Disorders; Dopamine; Drug Evaluation; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Lisuride; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Neurologic Examination; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Vasculitis

The tolerance and prolactin (PRL) release-inhibiting action of the 8 alpha-aminoergoline, mesurlergine, were investigated. In a blind crossover study in six subjects with hyperprolactinemia, 0.5 mg mesulergine induced fewer side effects than did 2.5 mg bromocriptine, while the PRL release-inhibiting effect of the two was of the same order. Six different subjects with suspected PRL-secreting pituitary adenomas who (repeatedly) had to discontinue bromocriptine because of nausea, vomiting, or symptoms of orthostatic hypotension were treated for 20 mo with mesulergine (1 to 2 mg/day). Mesulergine did not induce side effects and its actions resembled those of bromocriptine. Mesulergine induced cessation of galactorrhea and resumption of normal menstrual cycles in five subjects, while in one subject an insufficient luteal phase persisted. No abnormalities in routine blood parameter estimations were observed. In two of three subjects there was shrinkage of a pituitary tumor after 12 to 15 mo on mesulergine. Mesulergine did not directly inhibit PRL release by cultured normal rat pituitary cells and human prolactinoma cells and it antagonized the action of dopamine in a dose-dependent manner. This suggests that the dopaminergic action is carried out by a metabolite of mesulergine, while the parent drug probably prevents the well-known side effects of dopamine-agonistic drugs by its dopamine receptor blocking activity. Because of its acceptability, mesulergine might be important in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia and perhaps also of acromegaly and Parkinson's disease.

Topics: Adenoma; Administration, Oral; Adult; Animals; Blood Pressure; Bromocriptine; Cells, Cultured; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug Evaluation; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Menstruation; Middle Aged; Nausea; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Radioimmunoassay; Random Allocation; Rats

Topics: Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Pain; Parkinson Disease; Pergolide; Spasm

Topics: Adult; Aged; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hypotension; Lisuride; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Nausea; Parkinson Disease; Sleep Wake Disorders; Vertigo; Vomiting

8-alpha-amino-ergoline (CU 32-085) is a dopamine receptor agonist that should have fewer side effects than most other dopamine agonists. We studied the effect of this drug in 19 parkinsonian patients. In untreated or levodopa-treated patients, there was considerable improvement of akinesia, rigidity, and tremor; on-off symptoms also improved in the levodopa-treated patients. In patients pretreated with levodopa/bromocriptine, about half the dose of CU 32-085 was necessary to obtain the same therapeutic results, but there was no further improvement of on-off symptoms. Side effects were less pronounced than with bromocriptine; no circulatory disturbances and no psychotic episodes were observed.

Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; Aged; Antiparkinson Agents; Bromocriptine; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Hypotension, Orthostatic; Levodopa; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Parkinson Disease; Psychomotor Performance; Receptors, Dopamine

Topics: Adult; Bromocriptine; Ergolines; Female; Humans; Lactation; Nausea; Parity; Pregnancy; Vomiting; Weaning