erastin and Iron-Overload

Damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) are endogenous danger signals that alert the innate immune system and shape the inflammation response to cell death. However, the release and activity of DAMPs in ferroptosis, a recently identified form of regulated necrosis characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxidation, still remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that HMGB1 is a DAMP released by ferroptotic cells in an autophagy-dependent manner. Both type I and II ferroptosis activators, including erastin, sorafenib, RSL3, and FIN56, induce HMGB1 release in cancer and noncancer cells. In contrast, genetic ablation (using ATG5

Topics: Animals; Autophagy; Carbolines; Cell Death; Cell Line, Tumor; Chloroquine; Ferritins; Fibroblasts; HMGB1 Protein; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Inflammation; Iron Overload; Lipid Peroxidation; Macrolides; Mice; Neoplasms; Oximes; Piperazines; Sorafenib; Sulfonamides; Toll-Like Receptor 4