epoxyazadiradione and Malaria--Falciparum

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by immune cells; it can play a protective or deleterious role in response to pathogens. The intracellular malaria parasite secretes a similar protein, PMIF. The present paper is concerned with severe malarial anemia (SMA), where MIF suppresses the recruitment of red blood cells (RBCs) from the spleen and the bone marrow. This suppression results in a decrease of the hemoglobin (H

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Antimalarials; Artesunate; Computer Simulation; Dendritic Cells; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythrocytes; Hemoglobins; Humans; Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; Limonins; Macrophage Activation; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; Malaria, Falciparum; Mathematical Concepts; Mice; Models, Biological; Models, Immunological; Parasitemia; Th1 Cells

Epoxyazadiradione (1), a major compound derived from Neem oil, showed modest anti-plasmodial activity against CQ-resistant and CQ-sensitive strains of the most virulent human malaria parasite P. falciparum. A series of analogues were synthesized by modification of the key structural moieties of this high yield natural product. Out of the library of all compounds tested, compounds 3c and 3g have showed modest anti-plasmodial activity against CQ-sensitive (IC

Topics: Animals; Antimalarials; Antineoplastic Agents; Azadirachta; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Humans; Limonins; Malaria; Malaria, Falciparum; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neoplasms; Plasmodium berghei; Plasmodium falciparum