epiglucan and Rhinitis--Allergic--Seasonal

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is caused by an IgE-mediated inflammatory reaction consequent to the exposure to causal allergen. Resveratrol is a natural non-flavonoid polyphenol, exerting anti-inflammatory activity; β-glucan is a polysaccharide with immuno-modulatory properties. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether these combined compounds are able of relieving nasal symptoms in children with AR due to pollen allergy.. The present study was conducted as placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and randomized. Globally, 68 children (36 males; mean age 7.9 years) were treated with resveratrol plus β-glucan or placebo (the diluent of active drug) two sprays (100 µL/spray) in each nostril three times/day for 2 months. Nasal symptoms, including itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, and obstruction, were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Use of rescue medication, such as cetirizine syrup, was also evaluated.. ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT02130440.. Children treated with active drug achieved a significant reduction in all nasal symptoms: itching (p = 0.0001), sneezing (p = 0.0009), rhinorrhea (p = 0.009), and obstruction (0.002) as well as antihistamine use (p = 0.003). Placebo did not affect nasal complaints and cetirizine use. The intergroup analysis showed that active treatment was significantly superior to placebo about reduction of AR symptoms and rescue medication use.. The present preliminary study firstly showed that intranasal resveratrol plus carboxymethyl-β-glucan is capable of significantly improving nasal symptoms in children with pollen-induced AR.

Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Allergens; Anti-Allergic Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; beta-Glucans; Cetirizine; Child; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Male; Pollen; Resveratrol; Rhinitis, Allergic; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Stilbenes; Treatment Outcome

The incidence of allergic symptoms to cedar pollen has reached epidemic proportions in Japan. Intravenous injection of beta-1,3-glucan in human subjects is known to induce a T(H)1 response, whereas oral uptake does not.. It was examined whether orally ingested, superfine dispersed beta-1,3-glucan (SDG), easily absorbed by intestinal mucosa, would alleviate allergic symptoms.. Allergic patients were orally administrated either SDG (n = 30) or nondispersed beta-1,3-glucan (n = 30), and allergic symptoms were assessed clinically in a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized study.. SDG alleviated ongoing symptoms of Japanese cedar pollen-induced rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion, and itchy watery eyes, and its oral uptake before symptom onset exhibited preventive effects. Alleviation of allergic symptoms was evident not only for seasonal allergy to cedar pollen but also for perennial allergy. Oral ingestion of beta-1,3-glucan in individuals with allergic tropism could reduce the spontaneous increase in both allergen-specific and total IgE titers. The clinical responses to treatment were well correlated with the capacity of monocytes to bind to beta-1,3-glucan. Although SDG reduced allergic symptoms, the oral uptake of nondispersed beta-1,3-glucan produced no clinical effects, despite the identical amount of beta-1,3-glucan in both preparations.. We postulate that orally taken beta-1,3-glucan prepared in a form easily absorbed by intestinal mucosa is able to alleviate cedar pollen-induced allergic symptoms.. Orally effective SDG might greatly contribute to the resolution of epidemic medical problems of seasonal cedar pollen-induced allergy.

Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Administration, Oral; Adult; beta-Glucans; Conjunctivitis, Allergic; Cryptomeria; Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin E; Male; Middle Aged; Pollen; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

The amount of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in pollen from different plants was evaluated using the Limulus assay with a specific lysate. The amount ranged from 79 to 1800 ng/10(6) pollen. A calculation of the inhaled dose suggests that the amount of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan present during periods with a high pollen content in the air exceeds levels that cause airways inflammation.

Topics: Allergens; beta-Glucans; Glucans; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Plants; Pollen; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal; Species Specificity