epidermal-growth-factor and Small-Cell-Lung-Carcinoma

Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States, yet traditional chemotherapy fails to provide long-term benefit for many patients. New approaches are needed to improve overall survival beyond the current standard of care.. This review discusses recent clinical trials using immunotherapy techniques to treat both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and highlights ongoing immunotherapy research efforts at our center.. For NSCLC, phase II clinical trials have examined allogeneic vaccines that target either mucin 1 (MUC1), epidermal growth factor or melanoma-associated antigen 3. These vaccines are now undergoing larger phase III trials. An autologous cellular therapy directed against transforming growth factor beta-2 and a recombinant protein with antitumor properties have also shown promise in prolonging survival in NSCLC in phase II trials. The monoclonal antibodies ipilimumab, BMS-936558 (anti-PD-1), and BMS936559 (anti-PD-L1) lead to enhanced T-cell-mediated antitumor effects and have produced objective responses in early-phase clinical trials. Studies for SCLC also exist, such as a novel vaccine therapy targeting p53.. Recent clinical trials in lung cancer demonstrate the potential of immunotherapeutics to increase overall survival in patients with lung cancer compared with the current standard of care.

Topics: Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigens, Neoplasm; Cancer Vaccines; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Clinical Trials as Topic; Epidermal Growth Factor; Humans; Immunotherapy; Ipilimumab; Lung Neoplasms; Mucin-1; Neoplasm Proteins; Nivolumab; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Transforming Growth Factor beta2

Topics: Afatinib; Epidermal Growth Factor; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Mutation; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

Topics: B7 Antigens; B7-H1 Antigen; Epidermal Growth Factor; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Nivolumab; Pilot Projects; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

We use novel super-resolution bright-field optical microscopy to observe the filopodium activities of human lung cancer cells in a multi-gradient cell culture chip. Temporal variations of the filopodium numbers are measured without fluorescent labelling. By carefully designing the fluidic field inside the culture chip, we establish stable concentration gradients of the injected reagents. The reagents are injected via a separated central inlet, and the concentration gradients are different at different positions in the chip. The same chip can be used for both control and treated experiments. Using epidermal growth factor as the treatment, we verify that the protrusions of filopodia indicate the direction of concentration gradients experienced by a living cancer cell; while the treatment of bovine serum albumin shows no specific effect on the growth of filopodia. The combination of label-free, high-resolution optical microscopy and a micro cell culture chip establishes a convenient and versatile platform for dynamical cancer-cell analyses.

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cell Line, Tumor; Epidermal Growth Factor; Growth Substances; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques; Pseudopodia; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma; Staining and Labeling