epidermal-growth-factor and Sleep-Apnea--Obstructive

To determine differences in inflammatory markers expressed in diabetic macular edema (DME) patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).. This was a prospective, cross-sectional study. Patients with treatment naive DME were enrolled in the study. They were stratified into 2 groups based on Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) from overnight polysomnography: OSA + (AHI ≥ 15) and OSA - (AHI<15). Multiplex immunoassay was performed for aqueous and serum cytokines including VEGF, placental growth factor (PGF), ICAM, IL2, IL3, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL17, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1), monocyte attractant protein-1 (MCP1), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF). Statistical significance was defined as p < 0.004 using Bonferroni correction.. 32 DME positive patients were enrolled in the study; of which 17 patients were OSA + and 15 OSA-. The OSA + cohort had significantly higher levels of serum EGF (p = 0.003), and trended towards higher levels of most serum cytokines including ICAM and IL6. OSA- cohort had significantly higher levels of aqueous IL17 compared to the OSA + cohort (2.97 ± 1.7 vs. 1.4 ± 0.46 pg/mL, p = 0.004). There were no significant differences in other aqueous cytokines.. OSA + group trended towards higher levels of most serum inflammatory markers, suggesting a greater pro-inflammatory state. However, they did not have significantly greater level of aqueous cytokines.

Topics: Biomarkers; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Retinopathy; Epidermal Growth Factor; Female; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Interleukin-6; Macular Edema; Placenta Growth Factor; Prospective Studies; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Involvement of epidermal growth factor (EGF) is reported in diseases caused by hypoxia. Its functional polymorphism may alter its transcription, affecting EGF expression, contributing to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of EGF+61 polymorphism and risk of OSA.. Two hundred two participants were enrolled in this case-control study. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood, and EGF 61A/G polymorphism was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay.. No significant association between EGF 61 A/G polymorphism and risk of OSA was observed in any of the gene models tested (AA vs. GG: OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.37-2.55; P = 0.95). However, compared with GG genotype, AG genotype associated with decreased risk of severe OSA (AG vs. GG: OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.11-0.94).. Our study showed that AG genotype has a protective effect on OSA patients against severe disease, although EGF 61A/G polymorphisms have no role on the risk of the disease. Additional large studies should further validate our findings.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Alleles; Epidermal Growth Factor; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Dominant; Genetic Carrier Screening; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Homozygote; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Models, Genetic; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polysomnography; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Transcription, Genetic