epidermal-growth-factor and Abortion--Habitual

Protein S (PS) deficiency and autoantibodies that bind to PS (anti-PS) have been described in patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including pregnancy loss. PS Tokushima is a congenital abnormality of the second epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domain, and anti-PS has been reported to recognize EGF-like domains.. We evaluated the role of PS Tokushima and anti-PS in patients with pregnancy loss.. Patients with recurrent early pregnancy loss (n = 324; group A), those with one or more mid-to-late pregnancy loss (n = 196; group B), and infertile women having no pregnancy loss (n = 650; group C) were screened for PS type II deficiency and anti-PS. Patients who were diagnosed with PS type II deficiency underwent genetic analysis for the detection of PS Tokushima.. The incidence of patients with PS Tokushima was 1.85 %, 5.10 %, and 1.23 % in groups A, B, and C, respectively. The incidence of patients with PS Tokushima was significantly higher in group B (p = 0.0027) than in group C. The incidence of patients with anti-PS was 20.1 %, 23.0 %, and 19.2 % in groups A, B, and C, respectively. The incidence of patients with anti-PS was significantly higher in groups A (p = 0.0229), B (p = 0.0071), and C (p = 0.0288) than in previously reported healthy nonpregnant women (7.1 %, 4/56).. Our data suggest that PS Tokushima is associated with mid-to-late pregnancy loss, while anti-PS are associated with recurrent early pregnancy loss, mid-to-late pregnancy loss, and infertility.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Autoantibodies; Embryo Loss; Epidermal Growth Factor; Female; Humans; Infertility, Female; Pregnancy; Protein S; Protein S Deficiency

The prethrombotic state (PTS) is a possible cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). The aim of this study was to identify serum biomarkers for the detection of RSA with PTS (PSRSA). A Quantibody array 440 was used to screen novel serum-based biomarkers for PSRSA/NRSA (RSA without PTS). Proteins differentially expressed in PSRSA were analysed using bioinformatics methods and subjected to a customized array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) validation. We used receiver operating characteristic to calculate diagnostic accuracy, and machine learning methods to establish a biomarker model for evaluation of the identified targets. 20 targets were selected for validation using a customized array, and seven targets via ELISA. The decision tree model showed that IL-24 was the first node and eotaxin-3 was the second node distinguishing the PSRSA and NRSA groups (an accuracy rate of 100% and an AUC of 1). Epidermal growth factor (EGF) as the node distinguished the PSRSA and NC groups (an accuracy rate of 100% and an AUC of 1). EGF as the node distinguished the NRSA and NC groups (an accuracy rate of 96.5% and an AUC of 0.998). Serum DNAM-1, BAFF, CNTF, LAG-3, IL-24, Eotaxin-3 and EGF represent a panel of promising diagnostic biomarkers to detect the PSRSA.

Topics: Abortion, Habitual; Adult; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; B-Cell Activating Factor; Biomarkers; Chemokine CCL26; Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; Computational Biology; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Epidermal Growth Factor; Female; Humans; Interleukins; Pregnancy; ROC Curve; Young Adult