entecavir and Kidney-Failure--Chronic

The clinical course of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the effects of treatment are assessed through patient-reported signs and symptoms (S&S), and endoscopic evidence of inflammation. The Ulcerative Colitis Patient-Reported Outcomes Signs and Symptoms (UC-PRO/SS) measure was developed to standardize the quantification of gastrointestinal S&S of UC in clinical trials through direct report from patient ratings.. Findings from qualitative focus groups and interviews identified nine symptom items covering bowel and abdominal symptoms. The final UC-PRO/SS daily diary includes two scales: Bowel S&S (six items) and Abdominal Symptoms (three items), each scored separately. Each scale showed evidence of adequate reliability (α = 80 and 0.66, respectively); reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.81, 0.71) and validity, including moderate-to-high correlations with the Partial Mayo Score (0.79; 0.45) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) total score (- 0.70; - 0.61). Scores discriminated by level of disease severity, as defined by the Partial Mayo Score, Patient Global Rating, and Clinician Global Rating (. Results suggest that the UC-PRO/SS is a reliable and valid measure of gastrointestinal symptom severity in UC patients. Additional longitudinal data are needed to evaluate the ability of the UC-PRO/SS scores to detect responsiveness and inform the selection of responder definitions.. Compared with normoglycaemia, diagnosed diabetes, but not prediabetes or undiagnosed diabetes, was associated with elevated depressive symptoms (odds ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.00-2.41) and severity of depressive symptoms (β coefficient 0.71, 95% CI 0.23-1.19) in models adjusting for sociodemographics and health behaviours. Associations were similar among people with diagnosed diabetes taking and not taking antidiabetes medication. Among people without diagnosed diabetes, no associations between HbA. Diagnosed diabetes, but not prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes or HbA. Adults with Type 2 diabetes were safely transitioned from insulin injections to the PAQ and had significantly improved glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction with insulin therapy. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02158078 & NCT02419859).. Topical administration of the three axitinib concentrations inhibited CNV in rabbits, blocking both vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor pathways. Axitinib at 0.5 mg/mL induced profound inhibition of corneal angiogenesis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, Surface; Antineoplastic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Cattle; CD56 Antigen; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Depression; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; DNA, Circular; DNA, Viral; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Substitution; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Germany; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glycated Hemoglobin; Graft Survival; Guanine; HeLa Cells; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Infusion Systems; Interferon-alpha; Interviews as Topic; Iridium; Jugular Veins; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Transplantation; Killer Cells, Natural; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nephrectomy; Particle Size; Patient Satisfaction; Photochemical Processes; Pilot Projects; Polyethylene Glycols; Prediabetic State; Prognosis; Recombinant Proteins; Renal Veins; Retrospective Studies; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Surveys and Questionnaires; Temperature; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Time Factors; Tissue and Organ Harvesting; Transplant Donor Site; Treatment Outcome; Wearable Electronic Devices; Young Adult

We report a case of HBV reactivation following belatacept treatment in a patient who underwent kidney transplantation in 2015 for HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN). Human immunodeficiency virus viral load was undetectable prior to transplantation, and CD4+ lymphocyte count was greater than 300/mL. Baseline HBV serology at transplantation was HBsAg negative, anti-HBcAb positive, anti-HBsAb 312 UI/L, and HBeAg negative/anti-HBeAb positive. Liver function tests were normal, and viral DNA was undetectable. Two years later, the patient presented with severe acute hepatitis after a progressive disappearance of anti-HbsAb, quickly followed by HBV reactivation. Immunosuppressive treatment was drastically reduced, and treatment with entecavir was started. The outcome was favorable, and HBV DNA became undetectable after 9 weeks of treatment. This is the first report of acute hepatitis related to HBV reactivation in a kidney transplant recipient treated with belatacept. The risk for HBV reactivation in patients treated with belatacept should not be underestimated, especially in those with resolved HBV infection.

Topics: Abatacept; Antiviral Agents; DNA, Viral; Graft Rejection; Guanine; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Antibodies; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; HIV Infections; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Virus Activation

Therapy of chronic hepatitis B has improved by the invention of the potent nucleos(t)ide analogues entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir disoproxil. Due to increasing prevalence of lamivudine resistance the appropriate first line therapy may prevent emergence of any new resistance and avoid combination therapy. The present case describes a complex history of chronic hepatitis B in the setting of renal failure after two renal transplants illustrating why lamivudine should not be used as first line treatment option any more. Instead, entecavir offers high antiviral potency, low risk for resistance and possible individual dose titration by an oral solution.

Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Combined Modality Therapy; Contraindications; Drug Resistance; Guanine; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Lamivudine; Male