entecavir and Diabetes-Mellitus

The clinical course of ulcerative colitis (UC) and the effects of treatment are assessed through patient-reported signs and symptoms (S&S), and endoscopic evidence of inflammation. The Ulcerative Colitis Patient-Reported Outcomes Signs and Symptoms (UC-PRO/SS) measure was developed to standardize the quantification of gastrointestinal S&S of UC in clinical trials through direct report from patient ratings.. Findings from qualitative focus groups and interviews identified nine symptom items covering bowel and abdominal symptoms. The final UC-PRO/SS daily diary includes two scales: Bowel S&S (six items) and Abdominal Symptoms (three items), each scored separately. Each scale showed evidence of adequate reliability (α = 80 and 0.66, respectively); reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.81, 0.71) and validity, including moderate-to-high correlations with the Partial Mayo Score (0.79; 0.45) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) total score (- 0.70; - 0.61). Scores discriminated by level of disease severity, as defined by the Partial Mayo Score, Patient Global Rating, and Clinician Global Rating (. Results suggest that the UC-PRO/SS is a reliable and valid measure of gastrointestinal symptom severity in UC patients. Additional longitudinal data are needed to evaluate the ability of the UC-PRO/SS scores to detect responsiveness and inform the selection of responder definitions.. Compared with normoglycaemia, diagnosed diabetes, but not prediabetes or undiagnosed diabetes, was associated with elevated depressive symptoms (odds ratio 1.55, 95% CI 1.00-2.41) and severity of depressive symptoms (β coefficient 0.71, 95% CI 0.23-1.19) in models adjusting for sociodemographics and health behaviours. Associations were similar among people with diagnosed diabetes taking and not taking antidiabetes medication. Among people without diagnosed diabetes, no associations between HbA. Diagnosed diabetes, but not prediabetes, undiagnosed diabetes or HbA. Adults with Type 2 diabetes were safely transitioned from insulin injections to the PAQ and had significantly improved glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction with insulin therapy. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT02158078 & NCT02419859).. Topical administration of the three axitinib concentrations inhibited CNV in rabbits, blocking both vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor pathways. Axitinib at 0.5 mg/mL induced profound inhibition of corneal angiogenesis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Antigens, Surface; Antineoplastic Agents; Antiviral Agents; Blood Glucose; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring; Cattle; CD56 Antigen; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Depression; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; DNA, Circular; DNA, Viral; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Drug Substitution; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Germany; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Glycated Hemoglobin; Graft Survival; Guanine; HeLa Cells; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Infusion Systems; Interferon-alpha; Interviews as Topic; Iridium; Jugular Veins; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Function Tests; Kidney Transplantation; Killer Cells, Natural; Male; Mice; Middle Aged; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms, Experimental; Nephrectomy; Particle Size; Patient Satisfaction; Photochemical Processes; Pilot Projects; Polyethylene Glycols; Prediabetic State; Prognosis; Recombinant Proteins; Renal Veins; Retrospective Studies; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Surveys and Questionnaires; Temperature; Theranostic Nanomedicine; Time Factors; Tissue and Organ Harvesting; Transplant Donor Site; Treatment Outcome; Wearable Electronic Devices; Young Adult

Noninvasive fibrosis indices can predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Modified FIB-4 (mFIB-4) is a promising noninvasive index for predicting liver fibrosis. To investigate the predictive accuracy of several extant noninvasive fibrosis indices, including mFIB-4, for HCC incidence in CHB patients receiving long-term entecavir therapy.. We enrolled 1325 nucleos(t)ide analogue-naïve CHB patients (noncirrhotic 844; cirrhotic 481) treated with entecavir. Baseline clinical features and fibrosis indices were collected and evaluated for predicting HCC risk through univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.. Of the 1325 patients, 105 (7.9%) developed HCC during a median follow-up period of 4.1 years. Age (hazard ratio [HR], 1.039; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.020-1.059; P < 0.0001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (HR, 1.902; 95% CI, 1.185-3.052; P = 0.0077), and mFIB-4 (HR, 4.619; 95% CI, 1.810-11.789; P = 0.0014) were independent predictors of HCC in all patients (mFIB-4 ≥ 1.5 for the noncirrhotic cohort; DM and mFIB-4 ≥ 2.0 for the cirrhotic cohort). A combination of mFIB-4 and the DM status stratified the cumulative risk of HCC into three subgroups in all patients (high: mFIB-4 ≥ 1.5/DM; intermediate: mFIB-4 ≥ 1.5/non-DM; and low: mFIB-4 < 1.5, P < 0.0001) and in the cirrhotic cohort (high: mFIB-4 ≥ 2.0/DM; intermediate: mFIB-4 ≥ 2.0/non-DM; and low: mFIB-4 < 2.0, P = 0.0007). An mFIB-4 cutoff value of 1.5 stratified the cumulative risk of HCC in the noncirrhotic cohort (P = 0.015).. The mFIB-4 index alone or in combination with DM is the optimal noninvasive predictor of HCC risk in CHB patients receiving entecavir therapy.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antiviral Agents; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Diabetes Mellitus; Female; Guanine; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Incidence; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Retrospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Taiwan; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of entecavir monotherapy in nucleos(t)ide-naive chronic hepatitis B patients and to analyse the influence of the comorbidity burden on therapy outcome.. We retrospectively analysed data from 237 nucleos(t)ide-naive chronic hepatitis B white patients treated with entecavir (0.5 mg/day) at 23 Spanish centres. For the efficacy and safety analyses, patients were grouped according to their baseline comorbidities.. The mean age of the cohort was 43 years (range: 19-82 years); 73% were male, 83% were white, and 33% were hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive. At baseline, the median hepatitis B virus DNA level was 6.20 log10 IU/ml. Of the patients, 18% had cirrhosis, 9.7% had diabetes, 16.3% had hypertension, and 15.7% had obesity; 13.4% of patients had more than one comorbid condition. Virological and biochemical responses at month 36 were obtained independently of the patients' baseline comorbid condition. Of 10 HBeAg-positive patients who discontinued treatment after HBeAg seroconversion, those who had not also cleared HBsAg (six) experienced virological recurrence in a median 5.6 months. There were no treatment discontinuations due to adverse events. Three patients were diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma at months 12, 30 and 54, and six experienced hepatic decompensation during follow-up. The median serum creatinine levels did not increase after 36 months of treatment, even in patients with comorbidities.. Entecavir is safe, well tolerated, and highly effective, even in patients with comorbid condition(s). Discontinuation of treatment in patients who have not been cleared of HBsAg may lead to virological recurrence.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alanine Transaminase; Antiviral Agents; Creatinine; Diabetes Mellitus; DNA, Viral; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Guanine; Hepatitis B Antibodies; Hepatitis B e Antigens; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Hypertension; Liver Cirrhosis; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; White People; Young Adult

The aim of this study was to evaluate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) during telbivudine (LdT) versus entecavir (ETV) treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with underlying comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and cirrhosis.. From 2010 to 2012, 116 CHB patients treated with LdT and 578 treated with ETV were compared in this real-practice cohort. The mean changes in eGFR (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD] formula) from baseline to months 6, 12, and 18 were analyzed using a linear mixed model.. In LdT-treated patients, the mean eGFR increased by 7.6% at month 18 compared with the eGFR at baseline (MDRD formula in mL/min/1.73 m(2)). However, in ETV-treated patients, the mean eGFR decreased by 4.1% at month 18 compared with the eGFR at baseline. In the LdT-treated patients with DM, hypertension, cirrhosis or low eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73 m(2), the mean eGFR showed a steady improvement, whereas the mean eGFR was reduced in the same subgroups of ETV-treated patients.. The eGFR gradually increased over time during LdT treatment, especially in patients with mild abnormal eGFR at baseline, and in those with DM, hypertension, and cirrhosis, whereas a reduction in eGFR was seen with ETV treatment.

Topics: Adult; Antiviral Agents; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Fibrosis; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Guanine; Hepatitis B, Chronic; Humans; Hypertension; Linear Models; Male; Middle Aged; Telbivudine; Thymidine; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome