enng and Adenoma

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a yellow pigment that is obtained from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa Linn., is a major component of turmeric and is commonly used as a spice and food-coloring agent. The inhibitory effects of feeding commercial grade curcumin (77% curcumin, 17% demethoxycurcumin, and 3% bisdemethoxycurcumin) in AIN 76A diet on carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis in the forestomach, duodenum, and colon of mice were evaluated. Administration p.o. of commercial grade curcumin in the diet inhibited benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach tumorigenesis in A/J mice, N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced duodenal tumorigenesis in C57BL/6 mice, and azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon tumorigenesis in CF-1 mice. Dietary commercial grade curcumin was given to mice at: (a) 2 weeks before, during, and for 1 week after carcinogen administration (during the initiation period); (b) 1 week after carcinogen treatment until the end of the experiment (during the postinitiation period); or (c) during both the initiation and postinitiation periods. Feeding 0.5-2.0% commercial grade curcumin in the diet decreased the number of benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach tumors per mouse by 51-53% when administered during the initiation period and 47-67% when administered during the postinitiation period. Feeding 0.5-2.0% commercial grade curcumin in the diet decreased the number of N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced duodenal tumors per mouse by 47-77% when administered during the postinitiation period. Administration of 0.5-4.0% commercial grade curcumin in the diet both during the initiation and postinitation periods decreased the number of AOM-induced colon tumors per mouse by 51-62%. Administration of 2% commercial grade curcumin in the diet inhibited the number of AOM-induced colon tumors per mouse by 66% when fed during the initiation period and 25% when fed during the postinitiation period. The ability of commercial grade curcumin to inhibit AOM-induced colon tumorigenesis is comparable to that of pure curcumin (purity greater than 98%). Administration of pure or commercial grade curcumin in the diet to AOM-treated mice resulted in development of colon tumors which were generally smaller in number and size as compared to the control group of AOM-treated mice. These results indicate that not only did curcumin inhibit the number of tumors per mouse and the percentage of mice with tumors but it also reduced tumor size. Histopathological examination of the tumors sho

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenoma; Adenoma, Villous; Animals; Azoxymethane; Benzo(a)pyrene; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Curcumin; Duodenal Neoplasms; Female; Male; Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; Mice; Stomach Neoplasms

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Adenocarcinoma, Papillary; Adenoma; Animals; Dogs; Male; Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; Stomach Neoplasms

It may be useful for therapeutic purposes if experimental colonic cancer can be produced in larger animals. Our protocols for experiment to produce colonic cancer in dog were as follows: Two beagle and 12 mongrel dogs were used. Endoscopic examination was done every month or every other month. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine (DMH) was given subcutaneously in 3 mongrel dogs once a week for 25 months. The protrusion like verruca was observed macroscopically in colonic mucosa in two of them. Histologically it was like lymph follicle hyperplasia in the submucosa. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) soaked in sponge was inserted daily into the rectum of 2 beagle and 2 mongrel dogs for about 20.4 months. A leiomyoma of the colon was detected histologically in one beagle. N-ethyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (ENNG) soaked in sponge was inserted daily into the rectum of 4 mongrel dogs for about 26.5 months. During follow up study, adenoma of the colon was detected by biopsy in one dog. ENNG suppository (containing 50 mg of ENNG) was administered through the anus in 3 mongrel dogs. Colon cancer was induced in all of three dogs. There were metastases to the liver, lung and lymph nodes in one of them. Colonic cancer was successfully induced in dogs by suppository of ENNG into the rectum. This model seems to be the most useful for producing experimental colonic cancer.

Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Adenoma; Animals; Carcinogens; Colonic Neoplasms; Dimethylhydrazines; Dogs; Female; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Methylhydrazines; Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; Suppositories