enkephalin, leucine has been researched along with Disease Models, Animal in 224 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 14 (6.25) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 29 (12.95) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 107 (47.77) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 67 (29.91) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 7 (3.13) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Dong, RJ; Gao, MH; Ge, DY; Li, R; Li, YR; Luo, YM; Ma, L; Ren, QJ; Ren, XQ; Song, HR; Tao, XH; Wang, CG; Yang, XQ; Zhang, SJ; Zhou, RR | 1 |
| Abouelfetouh, MM; Chen, S; Ding, M; Ding, Y; Li, M; Liu, A; Ma, N; Zhang, Q | 1 |
| Dyavanapalli, J; Fleury-Curado, T; Freire, C; Kim, LJ; Mendelowitz, D; Pho, H; Polotsky, VY; Sennes, LU; Streeter, SR; Wang, X | 1 |
| Chen, S; Li, Y; Min, JW; Yang, XF; Zhang, JJ | 1 |
| Chen, Q; Guo, WH; Li, JB; Liu, J; Liu, WJ; Liu, XL; Yang, CQ; Yin, DC; Zhang, CY; Zhang, G; Zhang, SL; Zhao, G | 1 |
| Calligaro, H; Cheng, K; Goel, V; Ibrahim, MM; Khanna, R; Kranz, T; Largent-Milnes, TM; Martin, LF; Moutal, A; Patwardhan, A; Washington, SM | 1 |
| Ahn, S; Hong, S; Jang, J; Jeon, S; Jung, YR; Kim, J; Oh, JY; Park, HJ; Park, SU; Shin, HS; Song, MA; Song, TJ | 1 |
| Hu, M; Li, J; Niyazi, S; Rong, R; Wang, S; Xu, M; Yang, C; Yang, Z; Zeng, Y; Zhang, M; Zhang, W; Zhang, Y; Zheng, L; Zhu, T | 1 |
| Chan, P; Chen, JF; Chen, L; Chen, X; Feng, Y; Gao, Y; Guo, W; He, Y; Li, F; Li, Y; Li, Z; Ren, X; Wang, T; Xue, J; Ye, F; Zhang, L; Zheng, W | 1 |
| Augé, C; Basso, L; Blanpied, C; Boué, J; Cenac, N; Deraison, C; Dietrich, G; Lluel, P; Vergnolle, N | 1 |
| Ali, R; Klein, AH; Mohammad, HK; Peper, B; Raja, SN; Ringkamp, M; Sweitzer, S; Wilson, SP | 1 |
| Jacobi, CLJ; Stein, C | 1 |
| Fabisiak, A; Fichna, J; Kamysz, E; Sobocińska, M; Zielińska, M | 1 |
| Hoshino, N; Ishikawa, T; Muraoka, S; Nishimura, T; Okano, M; Satoyoshi, H; Takahata, K; Tsunekawa, H | 1 |
| Bellia, F; D'Addario, C; Miranda-Morales, RS; Pautassi, RM; Pucci, M; Wille-Bille, A | 1 |
| Avnor, Y; Bishop, C; Chambers, NE; Conti, MM; Gross, L; Lanza, K; Meadows, SM; Ostock, CY | 1 |
| Chandra, R; Cheer, JF; Dias, C; Francis, TC; Lobo, MK; Nam, H | 1 |
| Clark, JD; Nwaneshiudu, CA; Shi, XY | 1 |
| Frau, L; Morelli, M; Simola, N | 1 |
| Guo, ZL; Li, M; Longhurst, JC; Tjen-A-Looi, SC | 1 |
| Cavanagh, C; Chabot, JG; Herzog, H; Ménard, C; Quirion, R; Schwarzer, C; Tse, YC; Wong, TP | 1 |
| Carlin, J; Christ, L; Grissom, NM; Lyde, R; Reyes, TM; Sasson, IE; Simmons, RA; Vitins, AP | 1 |
| Bissonnette, S; Drolet, G; Hébert, SS; Samadi, P; Vaillancourt, M | 1 |
| Bilsky, EJ; Cain, JP; Hruby, VJ; Hu, J; Kumirov, VK; Lee, YS; Podolsky, AT; Sandweiss, A; Vanderah, TW; Vardanyan, RS | 1 |
| Duraku, LS; Holstege, JC; Hossaini, M; Jongen, JL; Kohli, SK | 1 |
| Baqi, Y; Correa, M; Freeland, C; Hart, EE; López-Cruz, L; Müller, CE; Nunes, EJ; Randall, PA; Salamone, JD; Yohn, SE | 1 |
| Cepeda, C; Cui, Y; Evans, CJ; Ge, W; James, AS; Jentsch, JD; Kieffer, BL; Levine, MS; Maidment, NT; Mittal, N; Murphy, NP; Ostlund, SB; Park, CS; Roberts, KW; Sun, YE; Walwyn, WM; Yang, XW | 1 |
| Chou, AH; Day, YJ; Lee, CM; Lee, HC; Liao, CC; Lin, YC; Liou, JT; Mao, CC | 1 |
| Glorioso, JC; Goins, WF; Guedon, JM; Kinchington, PR; Zhang, M | 1 |
| Blanchet, PJ; Lévesque, D; Mahmoudi, S | 1 |
| Angus, S; Bennett, CF; Cheng, SH; Hayden, MR; Hung, GH; Sardi, PS; Shihabuddin, LS; Stanek, LM; Yang, W | 1 |
| Cai, R; He, L; Hu, L; Song, X; Wu, Z; Yu, Q; Zhang, C; Zheng, B | 1 |
| Fichna, J; Jarmuż, A; Jonakowski, M; Lipkowski, AW; Pilarczyk, A; Sałaga, M; Sobczak, M | 1 |
| Dehe, L; Feldheiser, A; Habazettl, H; Mousa, SA; Röpke, TK; Schäfer, M; Shakibaei, M; Shaqura, M; Spies, CD; Treskatsch, S | 1 |
| Maidment, NT; Mendez, IA; Murphy, NP; Ostlund, SB | 1 |
| Bellinger, LL; Kramer, PR; Umorin, M | 1 |
| Hang, A; Liu, JG; Liu, Y; Shu, XH; Wang, Q; Wang, YJ; Zan, GY | 1 |
| Kazimirskiĭ, AN; Lychkova, AÉ; Salmasi, ZhM; Terent'ev, AA | 1 |
| Alexandrova, OP; Demidov, VI; Genrikhs, EE; Gogoleva, IV; Gromova, OA; Isaev, NK; Khaspekov, GL; Pronin, AV; Stelmashuk, EV; Torshin, IY; Volkov, AY | 1 |
| Lesniak, A; Lipkowski, AW; Misicka, A; Pick, CG; Sacharczuk, M | 1 |
| Abbott, SB; Agostinelli, LJ; Garfield, AS; Geerling, JC; Kim, M; Krashes, MJ; Lowell, BB; Mahoney, CE; Scammell, TE | 1 |
| Fichna, J; Jarmuż, A; Lipkowski, AW; Sałaga, M; Zielińska, M | 1 |
| Carlson, CR; Danaher, RJ; Ma, F; Miller, CS; Wang, C; Westlund, KN; Yoder, WE | 1 |
| Capper-Loup, C; Kaelin-Lang, A; Paganetti, P; Sgroi, S | 1 |
| Benhye, S; Bochynska-Czyz, M; Bujalska-Zadrozny, M; Lesniak, A; Lipkowski, AW; Misicka, A; Sacharczuk, M | 1 |
| Carlsson, T; Chiu, WH; Depboylu, C; Höglinger, GU; Keber, U; Klietz, M; Schäfer, MK; Weihe, E | 1 |
| García Gutiérrez, MS; Maldonado, R; Manzanares, J; Negrete, R | 1 |
| Appleyard, CB; Cruz, ML; Hernandez, S; Seguinot, II; Torres-Reveron, A | 1 |
| Baddack-Werncke, U; Busch-Dienstfertig, M; González-Rodríguez, S; Grobe, J; Lipp, M; Maddila, SC; Müller, G; Stein, C | 1 |
| Li, H; Sun, Q; Sun, Y; Tian, Y; Zhang, D | 1 |
| Abshire, SM; Cameron, AA; Duale, H; Hou, S; Lyttle, TS; Rabchevsky, AG | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Redila, VA | 1 |
| Bilkei-Gorzó, A; Cichon, S; Franke, PE; Fürst, R; Gunnar, A; Karpushova, A; Maier, W; Montag, C; Nöthen, M; Osby, U; Racz, I; Reuter, M; Schürmann, B; Schütz, C; Strohmaier, J; Terenius, L; Wienker, TF; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Hao, S; Hu, J | 1 |
| Danysz, W; Dekundy, A; Quack, G; Valastro, B | 1 |
| Aebischer, P; Déglon, N; Gokce, O; Kuhn, A; Luthi-Carter, R; Perrin, V; Régulier, E; Runne, H; Sick, B; Zala, D | 1 |
| Bernard, C; Bernard, R; Claude, FZ; Elisabeth, B; Sophie, D; Thibault, K | 1 |
| Aubert, I; Berthet, A; Bezard, E; Bloch, B; Cenci, MA; Doudnikoff, E; Hengerer, B; Ittrich, C; Rylander, D; Schuster, S; Surmeier, DJ | 1 |
| Caron, MG; Gainetdinov, RR; Hallett, PJ; Isacson, O; Patterson, M; Reske-Nielsen, C; Sotnikova, TD; Vinuela, A | 1 |
| Cabañero, D; Célérier, E; García-Nogales, P; Maldonado, R; Mata, M; Puig, MM; Roques, BP | 1 |
| Di Paolo, T; Morissette, M | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Fox, SH; Johnston, T; Millan, MJ; Reyes, G; Visanji, NP | 1 |
| Andrén, PE; Fälth, M; Kultima, K; Nilsson, A; Sköld, K; Svenningsson, P; Zhang, X | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Gleason, CA; Hays, SL; Juul, SE; McPherson, RJ; Vien, TN | 1 |
| Bing, G; Kim, HC; Liu, M; Nguyen, XV | 1 |
| Carboni, E; Carta, AR; Frau, L; Garau, A; Ibba, M; Schintu, N | 1 |
| Jia, J; Li, B; Liu, L; Pan, Y; Sun, Z; Wang, H; Wang, X; Yu, F; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Di Paolo, T; Grégoire, L; Lévesque, D; Morissette, M; Ouattara, B; Rouillard, C; Samadi, P; Tamim, MK | 1 |
| Borrell, BM; Robishaw, JD; Schwindinger, WF; Waldman, LC | 1 |
| Makuch, W; Mika, J; Przewlocka, B; Rojewska, E | 1 |
| Buscher, D; Díaz, A; Hurlé, JM; Hurlé, MA; Izpisúa-Belmonte, JC; Lantero, A; Merino, D; Merino, R; Morchón, N; Tramullas, M; Villar, A | 1 |
| Albers, J; Amling, M; Barvencik, F; Gebauer, M; Schinke, T; Schulze, J; Seitz, S; Streichert, T | 1 |
| Chancellor, MB; de Groat, WC; Franks, ME; Glorioso, JC; Goins, WF; Goss, JR; Sasaki, K; Yokoyama, H; Yoshimura, N | 1 |
| Chen, TC; Hsiao, S; Huang, AC; Kung, JC; Shyu, BC | 1 |
| Burdett, TC; Cassin, JJ; Chen, JF; Fredholm, BB; Healy, B; Schwarzschild, MA; Xiao, D | 1 |
| Chen, JY; Cheng, YC; Chien, CC; Lin, JY; Lin, SC; Ling, QD; Tsou, TS; Wen, YR | 1 |
| Bissessar, E; Bobrova, I; Gonon, AT; Grip, L; Gustafsson, T; Karlsson, LO; Kavianipour, M; Odenstedt, J; Wikström, G | 1 |
| Korostynski, M; Luvisetto, S; Makuch, W; Marinelli, S; Mika, J; Pavone, F; Przewlocka, B; Rojewska, E | 1 |
| Boerngen-Lacerda, R; Camarini, R; Méndez, M; Pautassi, RM; Quadros, IM; Souza-Formigoni, ML | 1 |
| Hamann, M; Kreil, A; Richter, A; Sander, SE | 1 |
| Andersson, M; Bergquist, J; Fälth, M; Hanrieder, J; Ljungdahl, A; Mammo, SE | 1 |
| Bissada, N; Davis, NG; Doty, C; Drisdel, RC; Franciosi, S; Green, WN; Hayden, MR; Henkelman, RM; Hines, R; Huang, K; Lerch, JP; Milnerwood, AJ; Raymond, LA; Sanders, SS; Singaraja, RR; Vaid, K; Wan, J; Young, FB | 1 |
| Abbruscato, TJ; Karamyan, VT; Shah, K; Wang, H; Yang, L | 1 |
| Akyürek, LM; Bergh, N; Bissessar, E; Bobrova, I; Grip, L; Gross, GJ; Karlsson, LO; Li, L | 1 |
| Brunetti, L; Chiavaroli, A; Di Nisio, C; Leone, S; Mollica, A; Orlando, G; Vacca, M | 1 |
| Ding, XY; Guo, MW; Ji, B; Li, CH; Ren, XX; Zhang, LF; Zhao, YF; Zhu, J | 1 |
| Alvarez-Fischer, D; Bandmann, O; Fritsch, B; Grundmann, M; Hartmann, A; Lu, L; Möller, JC; Oertel, WH; Samans, B; Schaefer, MK | 1 |
| Butelman, ER; Kreek, MJ; Yuferov, V | 1 |
| Golda, S; Korostynski, M; Przewlocki, R; Solecki, W; Szklarczyk, K | 1 |
| Capper-Loup, C; Frey, CM; Kaelin-Lang, A; Rebell, D | 1 |
| Björklund, A; Cenci, MA; Kirik, D; Winkler, C | 1 |
| Vogt, BA | 1 |
| Chesselet, MF; Li, H; Li, XJ; Menalled, LB; Olivieri, M; Sison, JD; Wu, Y; Zeitlin, S | 1 |
| Cenci, MA | 1 |
| Bantubungi, K; Blum, D; d'Alcantara, P; Galas, MC; Gall, D; Schiffmann, SN | 1 |
| Bonastre, M; Hirsch, EC; Marin, C; Périer, C; Tolosa, E | 1 |
| Del Mar, N; Goldowitz, D; Meade, C; Reiner, A; Sun, Z | 1 |
| Bezard, E; Bioulac, B; Dovero, S; Gross, CE; Jaber, M; Ravenscroft, P | 1 |
| Cenci, MA; Lundblad, M; Vaudano, E | 1 |
| Einheber, S; Milner, TA; Pierce, JP; Skyers, PS | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Glorioso, JC; Goins, W; Hao, S; Mata, M | 1 |
| Manzanares, J; Oliva, JM; Ortiz, S; Palomo, T | 1 |
| Bentlage, C; Björklund, A; Cenci, MA; Nikkhah, G; Winkler, C | 1 |
| Bezard, E; Bioulac, B; Dovero, S; Gross, CE; Meissner, W | 1 |
| Maidment, NT; Rocha, L | 1 |
| Biguet, NF; Colin, P; Guibert, B; Mallet, J; Sánchez-Capelo, A | 1 |
| Bonastre, M; Hirsch, EC; Jimenez, A; Marin, C; Périer, C; Tolosa, E | 1 |
| Gardell, LR; Gardell, SE; Lai, J; Ossipov, MH; Porreca, F; Vanderah, TW; Wang, R | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Crossman, AR; Duty, S; Fox, SH; Henry, B | 1 |
| Fink, DJ; Glorioso, J; Mata, M | 1 |
| Ossowska, K; Pietraszek, M; Wardas, J; Wolfarth, S | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Chalon, S; Crossman, AR; Ravenscroft, P | 1 |
| Reiner, A | 1 |
| Braz, J; Cesselin, F; Hamon, M; Meunier, A; Pohl, M | 1 |
| Caron, MG; Chavkin, C; Czyzyk, TA; Lefkowitz, RJ; McLaughlin, JP; Petraschka, M; Pintar, JE; Terman, GW; Westenbroek, RE; Xu, M | 1 |
| Bilsky, EJ; Davis, P; Dhanasekaran, M; Egleton, RD; Elmagbari, NO; Hruby, VJ; Keyari, CM; Lowery, JJ; Navratilova, E; Palian, MM; Polt, R; Porreca, F; Schmid, WR; Yamamura, HI | 1 |
| Nobrega, JN; Parkes, JH; Raymond, R; Richter, A; Wong, P | 1 |
| Geyer, MA; Kuczenski, R; Lohr, JB; Niculescu, AB; Ogden, CA; Paulus, MP; Rich, ME; Schork, NJ | 1 |
| Arend, A; Aunapuu, M; Bourin, M; Kõks, S; Kurrikoff, K; Matsui, T; Vasar, E | 1 |
| Betarbet, R; Greenamyre, JT | 1 |
| Canevari, L; Heales, SJ; Jenner, P; Rose, S; Zeng, BY | 1 |
| Dziwinski, T; Majewski, P; Pawlak, J; Skwarlo-Sonta, K; Waloch, M | 1 |
| Balam, TA; Fujiyoshi, Y; Murshid Ahmed, S; Takano-Yamamoto, T; Yamashiro, T; Zheng, L | 1 |
| Bjørnebekk, A; Brené, S; Mathé, AA | 2 |
| Bourgoin, S; Cesselin, F; Hamon, M; Kayser, V; Latrémolière, A; Mauborgne, A; Meunier, A; Pohl, M | 1 |
| Fagergren, P; Goiny, M; Hurd, YL; Overstreet, DH | 1 |
| Beadles-Bohling, AS; Wiren, KM | 1 |
| de Yébenes, JG; Fernández-Ruiz, J; González, S; Lastres-Becker, I; Mena, MA; Ramos, JA; Serrano, A | 1 |
| Landry, E; Lévesque, D; Rouillard, C; St-Hilaire, M | 1 |
| Chancellor, MB; de Miguel, F; Kim, JH; Kim, Y; Kwon, D; Minnery, B; Yoshimura, N | 1 |
| Bailey, A; Bendor, J; Ho, A; Kreek, MJ; Schlussman, SD; Yuferov, V; Zhou, Y | 1 |
| Martín, AB; Mendialdua, A; Moratalla, R; Pavón, N | 1 |
| Ariano, MA; Buchanan, TM; Collier, TJ; Elsworth, JD; Grissell, AE; Littlejohn, FC; Steece-Collier, K | 1 |
| Laurito, CE; Lu, Y; Pappas, GD; Peters, MC; Vota-Vellis, G; Wilson, SP; Yeomans, DC | 1 |
| An, K; Gao, F; Jin, XG; Tian, XB; Tian, YK; Wang, P; Wang, XY; Xu, Y; Yang, H | 1 |
| Balboni, G; Jutkiewicz, EM; Mosberg, HI; Torregrossa, MM; Watson, SJ; Woods, JH | 1 |
| Steiner, H; Willuhn, I | 1 |
| Adrian, R; Baratta, J; Koob, GF; Lauterborn, JC; Solbrig, MV | 1 |
| Brambilla, R; Fasano, S; Ferguson, SM; Robinson, TE; Yang, P | 1 |
| McGinty, JF; Shi, X | 1 |
| Fukushima, M; Horii, A; Kaneko, T; Kitahara, T; Kizawa-Okumura, K; Kubo, T; Takeda, N | 1 |
| Augood, SJ; Cantuti-Castelvetri, I; Cha, JH; Farrell, LA; Keller-McGandy, CE; Menon, AS; Sadri-Vakili, G; Standaert, DG; Yohrling, GJ | 1 |
| Bourhis, E; Lévesque, D; Rouillard, C; St-Hilaire, M | 1 |
| Hope, BT; Kreuter, JD; Mattson, BJ; Mitchell, TB; Simmons, DE | 1 |
| Ryan, AB; Scrable, H; Zeitlin, SO | 1 |
| Bilkei-Gorzo, A; Michel, K; Noble, F; Roques, BP; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Gieryk, A; Przewłocki, R; Schneider, T; Tyminska, A; Ziòłkowska, B | 1 |
| Ding, Y; Hwang, DY; Kang, UJ; Kim, KS; Restrepo, J; Won, L | 1 |
| Gabaeva, MV; Kost, NV; Makarenkova, VP; Meshavkin, VK; Sokolov, OIu; Zazulia, AA | 1 |
| Alloui, A; Baron, A; Blondeau, N; Cupo, A; Diochot, S; Eschalier, A; Escoubas, P; Gélot, A; Heurteaux, C; Lazdunski, M; Mazzuca, M; Voilley, N; Zimmer, A; Zimmer, AM | 1 |
| Benraiss, A; Chmielnicki, E; Cho, SR; Economides, A; Goldman, SA; Samdani, A | 1 |
| An, K; Tian, XB; Tian, YK; Xu, Y; Yang, H | 1 |
| Bilkei-Gorzó, A; Otto, M; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| An, JJ; Gharami, K; Tonegawa, S; Xie, Y; Xu, B | 1 |
| Chin, J; Meilandt, WJ; Mucke, L; Palop, JJ; Roberson, ED; Scearce-Levie, K; Wu, T; Yu, GQ | 1 |
| Alguacil, LF; Dilorenzo, L; Ezquerra, L; Franklin, B; Herradon, G; Nguyen, T; Rossenfeld, J; Silos-Santiago, I; Siso, A; Wang, C | 1 |
| Bearden, LJ; Snead, OC | 1 |
| Katz, RJ | 1 |
| Howe, SJ; McCarthy, PS; Metcalf, G | 1 |
| Daunais, JB; McGinty, JF | 1 |
| Harrison, MB; Lothman, EW; Shumate, MD | 1 |
| Jourd'Heuil, D; Lang, ME; Meddings, JB; Swain, MG | 1 |
| Ardid, D; Aumaitre, O; Betoin, F; Duchene-Marullaz, P; Eschalier, A; Herbet, A; Kemeny, JL; Lavarenne, J | 1 |
| Fan, L; McIntosh, TK | 1 |
| Desmeules, JA; Guilbaud, G; Kayser, V | 1 |
| Avoli, M; Barbarosie, M; Köhling, R; Lopantsev, V; Lücke, A; Nagao, T | 1 |
| Aley, KO; Levine, JD; Reichling, DB | 1 |
| Hall, TJ; Jagher, B; Schaeublin, M; Wiesenberg, I | 1 |
| Beani, L; Bianchi, C; Bregola, G; Donatini, A; Ferri, S; Romualdi, P; Simonato, M | 1 |
| Bergasa, NV; Jones, EA; Swain, MG; Vergalla, J | 1 |
| Boraníc, M; Breljak, D; Gabrilovac, J; Krizanac-Bengez, L; Marotti, T | 1 |
| Contarino, A; Drago, F; Giusti, P; Lipartiti, M; Natolino, F; Zanotti, A | 1 |
| Bolling, SF; Harlow, HH; Kilgore, KS; Oeltgen, PR; Su, TP; Tramontini, NL | 1 |
| Brodin, E; Delander, GE; Fredholm, BB; Schött, E | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Crossman, AR; Duty, S; Henry, B | 1 |
| Fredholm, BB; Johansson, B; Lindström, K; Wahlström, G | 1 |
| Brotchie, JM; Crossman, AR; Henry, B; Hille, CJ | 1 |
| Fukaya, Y; Kameoka, H; Shiraiwa, Y; Shishido, K; Yamaguchi, O; Yokota, T | 1 |
| Andreassen, OA; Finsen, B; Jørgensen, HA; Ostergaard, K; Sørensen, JC; West, MJ | 1 |
| Liu, H; Mazarati, A; Wasterlain, C | 1 |
| Bordelon, YM; Chesselet, MF | 1 |
| Andersson, M; Cenci, MA; Hilbertson, A | 1 |
| Carpenter, E; Chesselet, MF; Koppel, A; MacKenzie, L; Menalled, L; Zanjani, H; Zeitlin, S | 1 |
| Damier, P; Féger, J; Hirsch, EC; Tremblay, L | 1 |
| Andren, PE; Gunne, L; Svenningsson, P | 1 |
| Figueredo-Cardenas, G; Fusco, F; Meade, CA; Nowak, TS; Pulsinelli, WA; Reiner, A | 1 |
| Cannizzaro, C; Costa, S; Iravani, MM; Jackson, MJ; Jenner, P; Pearce, RK; Tel, BC | 1 |
| Akerund, P; Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Canudas, AM; Pérez-Navarro, E | 1 |
| Andersson, KE; Andersson, M; Cenci, MA; Johansson, PA | 1 |
| Andrén, PE; Gunne, L; Hurd, YL; Pirker, W; Pontén, H; Tedroff, J | 1 |
| Gyires, K; Rónai, AZ | 1 |
| Boissonade, FM; Elcock, C; Robinson, PP | 1 |
| Beaufour, C; Braz, J; Cesselin, F; Coutaux, A; Epstein, AL; Hamon, M; Pohl, M | 1 |
| Andersson, M; Cenci, MA; Lundblad, M; Westin, JE | 1 |
| Groenewegen, HJ; Van De Witte, SV; Voorn, P | 1 |
| Befort, K; Brenner, GJ; Ji, RR; Woolf, CJ | 1 |
| Alberch, J; Arenas, E; Marco, S; Pérez-Navarro, E; Tolosa, E | 1 |
| Natorska, J; Plytycz, B | 1 |
| Bergasa, NV; Jones, EA; Rothman, RB; Swain, MG; Vergalla, J; Xu, H | 2 |
| Besse, D; Besson, JM; Butler, SH; Lombard, MC; Weil-Fugazza, J | 1 |
| Mosley, C; O'Connor, DT; Parmer, RJ | 1 |
| Mathiasen, JR; Raffa, RB; Vaught, JL | 1 |
| Iasnetsov, VV | 1 |
| Abu Hammad, I; Bachar, T; Grinberg, S; Heldman, E; Linder, C; Popov, M; Stepensky, D | 1 |
| Ding, X; Li, T; Liu, L; Tian, K; Zhu, Y | 1 |
| Gong, XY; Hu, XY; Jia, LY; Lin, W; Luo, JX; Wang, YY; Wen, DC | 1 |
| Bolte, C; Newman, G; Schultz, Jel J | 1 |
| Gross, GJ; Lishmanov, YB; Maslov, LN; Solenkova, NV; Stefano, GB; Tam, SW | 1 |
| Diao, YF; Li, P; Liao, ZF; Liu, JC; Liu, LM; Tian, KL; Zhou, R; Zhou, XW | 1 |
| Cowan, A; Inan, S | 1 |
| Holaday, JW; Tortella, FC | 1 |
| Azad, R; Baetge, G; Bloom, FE; Sapin, V; Shoemaker, WJ | 1 |
| Faden, AI; Jacobs, TP; Zivin, JA | 1 |
| Carlen, PL; Facciponte, G; Jahromi, SS; Pelletier, MR; Polc, P; Zhang, L | 1 |
| Armstead, WM | 1 |
| Cheung, A; Tang, F; Vacca-Galloway, LL | 1 |
| Chen, S | 1 |
| Dvortsin, GF | 1 |
| Beal, MF; Burd, GD; Landis, DM; Marshall, PE; Martin, JB | 1 |
| Bespalova, ZhD; Titov, MI; Vinogradov, VA | 1 |
| Iarygin, KN; Krivosheev, OG; Moskovkin, GN; Polonskiĭ, VM; Vinogradov, VA | 1 |
| Sheng, JG; Xu, DL; Yu, HZ | 1 |
7 review(s) available for enkephalin, leucine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Behavioral and neurochemical studies in distinct animal models of ethanol's motivational effects.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Humans; Motivation; Reinforcement, Psychology; Self Administration; Synaptic Transmission | 2010 |
κ-opioid receptor/dynorphin system: genetic and pharmacotherapeutic implications for addiction.
Topics: Adaptation, Biological; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Narcotic Antagonists; Polymorphism, Genetic; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Recurrence | 2012 |
Knocking out the DREAM to study pain.
Topics: Animals; Calcium-Binding Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Kv Channel-Interacting Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nociceptors; Pain; Physical Stimulation; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid; Repressor Proteins; Transcription, Genetic | 2002 |
[From inflammation to pain: experimental gene therapy].
Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Chronic Disease; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Inflammation; Pain; Pain Management; Protein Precursors; Rats | 2004 |
Enkephalins in hematopoiesis.
Topics: Animals; Antibody Formation; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Hematopoiesis; Hematopoietic System; Immune System; In Vitro Techniques; Mice; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neprilysin; Neuropeptides; Opioid Peptides | 1997 |
Opioid peptide precursor expression in animal models of dystonia secondary to dopamine-replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dystonia; Enkephalins; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Protein Precursors | 1998 |
[Development of dyskinesias induced by treatment for Parkinson's disease: potential role of first exposure to L-DOPA (or phenomenon of priming)].
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Biological Transport, Active; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Haplorhini; Humans; Levodopa; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons, Efferent; Parkinson Disease; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Substance P; Time Factors | 2000 |
217 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, leucine and Disease Models, Animal
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Tibetan medicine Ru-yi-Zhen-bao Pills exhibits anti-migraine effect through mediating PAG anti-nociceptive channel.
Topics: Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Cholecystokinin; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Electroencephalography; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional; Migraine Disorders; Nitroglycerin; Nociception; Periaqueductal Gray; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid | 2020 |
Let-7b-5p promotes electroacupuncture tolerance by downregulating Penk1 gene in CFA-induced inflammatory nociception rats.
Topics: Animals; Antagomirs; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Electroacupuncture; Enkephalins; Female; Freund's Adjuvant; Humans; Injections, Intraventricular; MicroRNAs; Nociception; Nociceptive Pain; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Rats | 2020 |
Intranasal Leptin Prevents Opioid-induced Sleep-disordered Breathing in Obese Mice.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Leptin; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Obese; Morphine; Motor Neurons; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Respiration; Sleep; Sleep Apnea Syndromes; Synaptic Transmission | 2020 |
Biphalin, a dimeric opioid peptide, reduces neonatal hypoxia-ischemia brain injury in mice by the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain; Mice; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuroprotective Agents; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylation; Polyethylene Terephthalates; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction | 2021 |
miR-506-loaded gelatin nanospheres target PENK and inactivate the ERK/Fos signaling pathway to suppress triple-negative breast cancer aggressiveness.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Enkephalins; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Female; Gelatin; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Gene Transfer Techniques; Humans; Mice; MicroRNAs; Nanospheres; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Signal Transduction; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays | 2021 |
Green Light Antinociceptive and Reversal of Thermal and Mechanical Hypersensitivity Effects Rely on Endogenous Opioid System Stimulation.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Male; Neuralgia; Phototherapy; Protein Precursors; Rats; Spinal Cord | 2021 |
Effects of a combination treatment of KD5040 and
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Brain; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Levodopa; Magnoliopsida; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Movement; Parkinson Disease; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Substance P | 2017 |
Protective effects of cyclic helix B peptide on aristolochic acid induced acute kidney injury.
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Animals; Aristolochic Acids; bcl-X Protein; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Caspase 3; Caspase 9; Creatinine; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Inflammation; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Protective Agents; Protein Precursors; Reperfusion Injury | 2017 |
The Corticostriatal Adenosine A
Topics: Action Potentials; Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Macaca fascicularis; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Memory, Short-Term; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; MPTP Poisoning; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Prefrontal Cortex; Purines; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Spatial Memory | 2018 |
Mobilization of CD4+ T lymphocytes in inflamed mucosa reduces pain in colitis mice: toward a vaccinal strategy to alleviate inflammatory visceral pain.
Topics: Animals; CD11 Antigens; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Colitis; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Freund's Adjuvant; Immunization; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Mucous Membrane; Ovalbumin; Protein Precursors; Statistics, Nonparametric; Visceral Pain | 2018 |
Overexpression of µ-Opioid Receptors in Peripheral Afferents, but Not in Combination with Enkephalin, Decreases Neuropathic Pain Behavior and Enhances Opioid Analgesia in Mouse.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Male; Mice; Morphine; Neuralgia; Neurons, Afferent; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2018 |
Inflammatory-linked changes in CpG island methylation of three opioid peptide genes in a rat model for pain.
Topics: Animals; CpG Islands; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Methylation; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Inflammation; Male; Pain; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction | 2018 |
Antinociceptive potency of enkephalins and enkephalinase inhibitors in the mouse model of colorectal distension-proof-of-concept.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Injections, Subcutaneous; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neprilysin | 2018 |
Selegiline increases on time without exacerbation of dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats displaying l-Dopa-induced wearing-off and abnormal involuntary movements.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benserazide; Cytoskeletal Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Levodopa; Male; Movement; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Selegiline; Time Factors | 2018 |
Prenatal ethanol induces an anxiety phenotype and alters expression of dynorphin & nociceptin/orphanin FQ genes.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Anxiety; Brain; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Methylation; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Male; Motor Activity; Nociceptin Receptor; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Precursors; Random Allocation; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Risk-Taking; RNA, Messenger | 2018 |
Diverse serotonin actions of vilazodone reduce l-3,4-dihidroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia in hemi-parkinsonian rats.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Levodopa; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Piperazines; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Serotonin; RNA, Messenger; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Time Factors; Vilazodone Hydrochloride | 2018 |
Reduced nucleus accumbens enkephalins underlie vulnerability to social defeat stress.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzamides; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dominance-Subordination; Enkephalins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperazines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Stress, Psychological | 2019 |
Incisional Injury Modulates Morphine Reward and Morphine-Primed Reinstatement: A Role of Kappa Opioid Receptor Activation.
Topics: Acute Pain; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reward; Signal Transduction; Wounds, Penetrating | 2020 |
Performance of movement in hemiparkinsonian rats influences the modifications induced by dopamine agonists in striatal efferent dynorphinergic neurons.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adrenergic Agents; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Apomorphine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agonists; Dynorphins; Early Growth Response Protein 1; Enkephalins; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Motor Neurons; Movement; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2013 |
Electroacupuncture modulation of reflex hypertension in rats: role of cholecystokinin octapeptide.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Devazepide; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Enkephalins; Hormone Antagonists; Hypertension; Male; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; Narcotic Antagonists; Pressure; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Cholecystokinin A; Reflex; Sincalide; Stomach; Time Factors | 2013 |
Knockdown of prodynorphin gene prevents cognitive decline, reduces anxiety, and rescues loss of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptor function in aging.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Anxiety; Benzamides; Benzphetamine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cerebral Cortex; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Exploratory Behavior; Gene Expression Regulation; Hippocampus; In Vitro Techniques; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Protein Precursors; Pyrazoles; Pyridines; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Recognition, Psychology | 2013 |
Obesity at conception programs the opioid system in the offspring brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Methylation; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Embryo Disposition; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Genes, sry; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Male; Maternal-Fetal Relations; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Obesity; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2014 |
Striatal pre-enkephalin overexpression improves Huntington's disease symptoms in the R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Vectors; Globus Pallidus; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra | 2013 |
Novel fentanyl-based dual μ/δ-opioid agonists for the treatment of acute and chronic pain.
Topics: Acute Pain; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enkephalins; Fentanyl; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2013 |
Spinal distribution of c-Fos activated neurons expressing enkephalin in acute and chronic pain models.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Formaldehyde; Freund's Adjuvant; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neurons; Pain; Pain Threshold; Polymers; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2014 |
Effort-related motivational effects of the VMAT-2 inhibitor tetrabenazine: implications for animal models of the motivational symptoms of depression.
Topics: Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Behavior, Animal; Bupropion; Conditioning, Operant; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Microdialysis; Motivation; Nucleus Accumbens; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Tetrabenazine; Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins; Xanthines | 2013 |
Targeted expression of μ-opioid receptors in a subset of striatal direct-pathway neurons restores opiate reward.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Flow Cytometry; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Lack of interleukin-17 leads to a modulated micro-environment and amelioration of mechanical hypersensitivity after peripheral nerve injury in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Central Nervous System Sensitization; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-13; Interleukin-17; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-2; Interleukin-6; Macrophages; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Neuralgia; Neutrophils; Nociception; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peroxidase; Sciatic Nerve; T-Lymphocytes; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2014 |
Relief of pain induced by varicella-zoster virus in a rat model of post-herpetic neuralgia using a herpes simplex virus vector expressing enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Foot; Ganglion Cysts; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Male; Neuralgia, Postherpetic; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Simplexvirus; Spinal Cord | 2014 |
Upregulation of dopamine D3, not D2, receptors correlates with tardive dyskinesia in a primate model.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Brain; Cebus; Clozapine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalins; Female; Haloperidol; Iodine Radioisotopes; Movement Disorders; Neurons; Ovariectomy; Protein Binding; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Sulpiride; Tetrahydronaphthalenes; Up-Regulation | 2014 |
Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated correction of transcriptional dysregulation is correlated with behavioral benefits in the YAC128 mouse model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; Infusions, Intraventricular; Mice; Motor Skills; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2 | 2013 |
Analgesic effect of different moxibustion durations in rheumatoid arthritis rats.
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Analgesia; Animals; Arthralgia; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; beta-Endorphin; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Humans; Hypothalamus; Male; Moxibustion; Pain Threshold; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar | 2014 |
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive action of the dimeric enkephalin peptide biphalin in the mouse model of colitis: new potential treatment of abdominal pain associated with inflammatory bowel diseases.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Colitis; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Inflammation; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mustard Plant; Plant Oils; Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid | 2014 |
Cellular localization and adaptive changes of the cardiac delta opioid receptor system in an experimental model of heart failure in rats.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Heart Failure; Ligands; Male; Myocardium; Naltrexone; Protein Binding; Protein Precursors; Radioligand Assay; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; Stroke Volume; Ventricular Function, Left | 2016 |
Involvement of Endogenous Enkephalins and β-Endorphin in Feeding and Diet-Induced Obesity.
Topics: Animals; Appetite; beta-Endorphin; Body Weight; Case-Control Studies; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drinking Behavior; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food Deprivation; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Obesity; Protein Precursors; Sucrose | 2015 |
Attenuation of myogenic orofacial nociception and mechanical hypersensitivity by viral mediated enkephalin overproduction in male and female rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Herpesviridae; Herpesviridae Infections; Hyperalgesia; Male; Masseter Muscle; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociception; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Trigeminal Ganglion; Trigeminal Nerve; Trigeminal Nuclei | 2015 |
Antagonism of κ opioid receptor in the nucleus accumbens prevents the depressive-like behaviors following prolonged morphine abstinence.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Depressive Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
[Lymphocyte apoptosis enhancement by the synthetic peptide E in experimental ulcer].
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Lymphocytes; Myoelectric Complex, Migrating; Peptide Fragments; Rats, Wistar; Stomach Ulcer; Tissue Adhesions | 2014 |
[Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic synergism between neuropeptides and lithium in the neurotrophic and neuroprotective action of cerebrolysin].
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Synergism; Enkephalins; Galanin; Glutamic Acid; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Lithium Compounds; Male; Neuropeptides; Neuroprotective Agents; Orexins; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stroke | 2015 |
Biphalin protects against cognitive deficits in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Topics: Analgesics; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Brain Injuries; Cognition Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Recognition, Psychology; Silver Staining | 2016 |
Genetic identity of thermosensory relay neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Fever; Forkhead Transcription Factors; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes, Reporter; Genotype; Glutamic Acid; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Hypothermia; Integrases; Internal Ribosome Entry Sites; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing Techniques; Neurons; Parabrachial Nucleus; Phenotype; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Repressor Proteins; Skin Temperature; Thermosensing; Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; Vesicular Inhibitory Amino Acid Transport Proteins | 2016 |
Mixed MOP/DOP agonist biphalin elicits anti-transit effect in mouse models mimicking diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome symptoms.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Diarrhea; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Gastrointestinal Motility; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Organ Culture Techniques; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Treatment Outcome | 2016 |
Efficacy of Herpes Simplex Virus Vector Encoding the Human Preproenkephalin Gene for Treatment of Facial Pain in Mice.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Facial Pain; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Protein Precursors; Simplexvirus; Touch; Transduction, Genetic; Transfection; Transgenes; Trigeminal Ganglion; Trigeminal Neuralgia | 2016 |
Enkephalin and dynorphin neuropeptides are differently correlated with locomotor hypersensitivity and levodopa-induced dyskinesia in parkinsonian rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Levodopa; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine; RNA, Messenger; Statistics as Topic; Sympatholytics; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2016 |
Biphalin preferentially recruits peripheral opioid receptors to facilitate analgesia in a mouse model of cancer pain - A comparison with morphine.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Cancer Pain; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Male; Melanoma, Experimental; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Naloxone; Opioid Peptides; Permeability; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Receptors, Opioid; Skin Neoplasms | 2016 |
l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is associated with a deficient numerical downregulation of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA-expressing neurons.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Levodopa; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2016 |
Involvement of the dynorphin/KOR system on the nociceptive, emotional and cognitive manifestations of joint pain in mice.
Topics: Acetylation; Amygdala; Animals; Arthralgia; Chronic Pain; Cognition; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Disease Models, Animal; Emotions; Enkephalins; Epigenesis, Genetic; Hippocampus; Histones; Hyperalgesia; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microglia; Osteoarthritis; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spinal Cord | 2017 |
Impact of Psychological Stress on Pain Perception in an Animal Model of Endometriosis.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Corticosterone; Disease Models, Animal; Endometriosis; Enkephalins; Female; Oligopeptides; Pain Measurement; Pain Perception; Pain Threshold; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Neurokinin-1; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord; Stress, Psychological; Substance P | 2017 |
Cytotoxic T cells modulate inflammation and endogenous opioid analgesia in chronic arthritis.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Antibodies; Arthritis, Experimental; CD8 Antigens; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; Collagen; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Freund's Adjuvant; Functional Laterality; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Methionine; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Time Factors | 2017 |
Antinociceptive Effect of Intrathecal Injection of Genetically Engineered Human Bone Marrow Stem Cells Expressing the Human Proenkephalin Gene in a Rat Model of Bone Cancer Pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Bone Marrow Cells; Bone Neoplasms; Cancer Pain; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Spinal; Naloxone; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stem Cell Transplantation | 2017 |
Plasticity of lumbosacral propriospinal neurons is associated with the development of autonomic dysreflexia after thoracic spinal cord transection.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Antibodies; Autonomic Dysreflexia; Biotin; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Lumbosacral Region; Nerve Fibers; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Spinal Cord; Spinal Cord Injuries | 2008 |
Stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking is mediated by the kappa opioid system.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Stress, Psychological; Swimming | 2008 |
The opioid peptides enkephalin and beta-endorphin in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Body Weight; Choice Behavior; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Food Preferences; Gene Frequency; Genotype; Humans; Linkage Disequilibrium; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Middle Aged; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Sex Characteristics; Stress, Psychological | 2008 |
Transgene-mediated enkephalin expression attenuates signs of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in rats with neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Vectors; Ligation; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Simplexvirus; Spinal Nerve Roots; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transgenes | 2009 |
Oral creatine supplementation attenuates L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Creatine; Dietary Supplements; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Energy Metabolism; Enkephalins; Female; In Vitro Techniques; Levodopa; Neostriatum; Neuroprotective Agents; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Phosphocreatine; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Statistics, Nonparametric | 2009 |
Dysregulation of gene expression in primary neuron models of Huntington's disease shows that polyglutamine-related effects on the striatal transcriptome may not be dependent on brain circuitry.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Humans; Huntington Disease; Lentivirus; Microarray Analysis; Mutation; Neurons; Peptides; Phosphoproteins; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RGS Proteins; Transfection | 2008 |
Antinociceptive and anti-allodynic effects of oral PL37, a complete inhibitor of enkephalin-catabolizing enzymes, in a rat model of peripheral neuropathic pain induced by vincristine.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Analgesics; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Disease Models, Animal; Disulfides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Neuralgia; Pain Measurement; Propylamines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Temperature; Vincristine | 2008 |
Antagonizing L-type Ca2+ channel reduces development of abnormal involuntary movement in the rat model of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cerebrum; Dendritic Spines; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Isradipine; Levodopa; Male; Motor Activity; Nimodipine; Oxidopamine; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Sympatholytics | 2009 |
Implanted reuptake-deficient or wild-type dopaminergic neurons improve ON L-dopa dyskinesias without OFF-dyskinesias in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Brain Tissue Transplantation; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Gene Expression Regulation; Graft Survival; Levodopa; Mesencephalon; Microdialysis; Neurons; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger | 2008 |
The pro-nociceptive effects of remifentanil or surgical injury in mice are associated with a decrease in delta-opioid receptor mRNA levels: Prevention of the nociceptive response by on-site delivery of enkephalins.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disulfides; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Male; Methyl Ethers; Mice; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pain, Postoperative; Phenylalanine; Piperidines; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Remifentanil; RNA, Messenger; Sevoflurane; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2009 |
Effect of estradiol on striatal dopamine activity of female hemiparkinsonian monkeys.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Autoradiography; Biogenic Amines; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Estrogens; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Iodine Radioisotopes; Macaca fascicularis; Ovariectomy; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger | 2009 |
Dopamine D3 receptor stimulation underlies the development of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in animal models of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzopyrans; Callithrix; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Dopamine Antagonists; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Levodopa; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Pyrroles; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; RNA, Messenger | 2009 |
Striatal alterations of secretogranin-1, somatostatin, prodynorphin, and cholecystokinin peptides in an experimental mouse model of Parkinson disease.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Cholecystokinin; Chromogranin B; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Neostriatum; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Peptides; Postmortem Changes; Protein Precursors; Reproducibility of Results; Somatostatin; Tissue Extracts; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2009 |
Effects of neonatal stress and morphine on kappa opioid receptor signaling.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct; Gene Silencing; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Gliosis; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidative Stress; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Signal Transduction | 2009 |
Effects of prodynorphin deletion on striatal dopamine in mice during normal aging and in response to MPTP.
Topics: Aging; Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Neural Pathways; Parkinsonian Disorders; Phosphorylation; Protein Precursors; Serine; Substantia Nigra; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Up-Regulation | 2009 |
Progressive dopaminergic degeneration in the chronic MPTPp mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; CD11b Antigen; Cell Count; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dopamine; Electrochemistry; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Nerve Degeneration; Olfactory Bulb; Parkinsonian Disorders; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2009 |
Electro-acupuncture stimulation improves motor disorders in Parkinsonian rats.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphine; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dyskinesias; Electroacupuncture; Enkephalins; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Motor Activity; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Substance P; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2009 |
Effect of non-dopaminergic drug treatment on Levodopa induced dyskinesias in MPTP monkeys: common implication of striatal neuropeptides.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzoxazoles; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Iodine Isotopes; Levodopa; Macaca fascicularis; Naltrexone; Neuropeptides; Ovariectomy; Parkinsonian Disorders; Piperidines; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Sulfonamides; Tachykinins; Thiazoles; Time Factors | 2010 |
Mice lacking the G protein gamma3-subunit show resistance to opioids and diet induced obesity.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dietary Fats; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Eating; Enkephalins; Female; Food Preferences; GTP-Binding Protein gamma Subunits; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Obesity; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sex Characteristics; Signal Transduction; Weight Gain | 2009 |
Minocycline reduces the injury-induced expression of prodynorphin and pronociceptin in the dorsal root ganglion in a rat model of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Lumbar Vertebrae; Male; Minocycline; Neuroimmunomodulation; Pain; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger; Sciatic Neuropathy; Spinal Cord | 2010 |
BAMBI (bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor) reveals the involvement of the transforming growth factor-beta family in pain modulation.
Topics: Activins; Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Hyperalgesia; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Narcotic Antagonists; Nociceptors; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Sciatic Neuropathy; Signal Transduction; Spinal Cord; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Preproenkephalin (Penk) is expressed in differentiated osteoblasts, and its deletion in Hyp mice partially rescues their bone mineralization defect.
Topics: Animals; Bone Demineralization, Pathologic; Calcification, Physiologic; Cell Differentiation; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Epistasis, Genetic; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets; Female; Gene Deletion; Gene Expression; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Osteoblasts; PHEX Phosphate Regulating Neutral Endopeptidase; Protein Precursors | 2010 |
Gene therapy for bladder overactivity and nociception with herpes simplex virus vectors expressing preproenkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Cystitis, Interstitial; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Ganglia, Spinal; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Neurons, Afferent; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Simplexvirus; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Bladder | 2009 |
Anxiety- and depressive-like responses and c-fos activity in preproenkephalin knockout mice: oversensitivity hypothesis of enkephalin deficit-induced posttraumatic stress disorder.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Enkephalins; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Models, Biological; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Tissue Distribution | 2010 |
Deletion of adenosine A₁ or A(₂A) receptors reduces L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia in a model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Caffeine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Levodopa; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Receptor, Adenosine A1; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; RNA, Messenger; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2011 |
Increased spinal prodynorphin gene expression in reinflammation-associated hyperalgesia after neonatal inflammatory insult.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hindlimb; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Physical Stimulation; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spinal Cord; Up-Regulation | 2010 |
Opioid receptor agonist Eribis peptide 94 reduces infarct size in different porcine models for myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Cardiotonic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Hemodynamics; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Swine | 2011 |
The effect of botulinum neurotoxin A on sciatic nerve injury-induced neuroimmunological changes in rat dorsal root ganglia and spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Male; Neuralgia; Neuroimmunomodulation; Neurotoxins; Posterior Horn Cells; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sciatic Neuropathy; Up-Regulation | 2011 |
Changes in dynorphin immunoreactivity but unaltered density of enkephalin immunoreactive neurons in basal ganglia nuclei of genetically dystonic hamsters.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Basal Ganglia; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Dystonia; Enkephalins; Female; Interneurons; Male; Mesocricetus; Neurons | 2011 |
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is associated with regional increase of striatal dynorphin peptides as elucidated by imaging mass spectrometry.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Levodopa; Mice; Neostriatum; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization | 2011 |
Altered palmitoylation and neuropathological deficits in mice lacking HIP14.
Topics: Acyltransferases; Animals; Cell Death; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Enkephalins; Huntington Disease; Lipoylation; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Mutant Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Synapses | 2011 |
Characterization of neuroprotective effects of biphalin, an opioid receptor agonist, in a model of focal brain ischemia.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Edema; Brain Ischemia; Cell Size; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery; Male; Mice; Molecular Targeted Therapy; Motor Activity; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Kinase C; Receptors, Opioid; Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; Stroke | 2011 |
Dose-dependent cardioprotection of enkephalin analogue Eribis peptide 94 and cardiac expression of opioid receptors in a porcine model of ischaemia and reperfusion.
Topics: Animals; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Cardiotonic Agents; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Hemodynamics; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury; Myocardium; Receptors, Opioid; Risk; RNA, Messenger; Swine | 2012 |
The analgesic activity of biphalin and its analog AM 94 in rats.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pain; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Time Factors | 2012 |
[Effects of electroacupuncture on pain reactions, expression of spinal kappa-opioid receptor and contents of enkephalin and beta-endorphin in periaqueductal gray of midbrain in dysmenorrhea model rats].
Topics: Acupuncture Points; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Disease Models, Animal; Dysmenorrhea; Electroacupuncture; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Mesencephalon; Pain Management; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Spine | 2012 |
Prolonged generalized dystonia after chronic cerebellar application of kainic acid.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cerebellum; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia; Enkephalins; HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; Kainic Acid; Neurons; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats | 2012 |
Genotype-dependent consequences of traumatic stress in four inbred mouse strains.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electroshock; Enkephalins; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Hippocampus; I-kappa B Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; Phenotype; Protein Precursors; Species Specificity; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Transcription Factors | 2012 |
Adaptive gene expression changes on the healthy side of parkinsonian rats.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression Profiling; Locomotion; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Pathways; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2013 |
L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in the intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine model of parkinson's disease: relation to motor and cellular parameters of nigrostriatal function.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Behavior, Animal; Biomarkers; Brain Mapping; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Levodopa; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Severity of Illness Index; Substantia Nigra; Sympathectomy, Chemical; Transcription Factors | 2002 |
Early motor dysfunction and striosomal distribution of huntingtin microaggregates in Huntington's disease knock-in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Count; Cell Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Enkephalins; Female; Grooming; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Inclusion Bodies; Macromolecular Substances; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Organ Specificity; Phenotype; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion | 2002 |
Transcription factors involved in the pathogenesis of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Levodopa; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Sympatholytics; Transcription Factors | 2002 |
The adenosine A1 receptor agonist adenosine amine congener exerts a neuroprotective effect against the development of striatal lesions and motor impairments in the 3-nitropropionic acid model of neurotoxicity.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Binding, Competitive; Body Weight; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia; Enkephalins; Hindlimb; Huntington Disease; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mitochondria; Motor Activity; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Nitro Compounds; Propionates; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Reproducibility of Results; RNA, Messenger; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Synaptic Transmission; Treatment Outcome | 2002 |
AMPA receptor antagonist LY293558 reverses preproenkephalin mRNA overexpression in the striatum of 6-OHDA-lesioned-rats treated with L-dopa.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Gene Expression Regulation; Isoquinolines; Levodopa; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Neostriatum; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Tetrazoles | 2002 |
Differential changes in striatal projection neurons in R6/2 transgenic mice for Huntington's disease.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Autoradiography; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Genotype; Globus Pallidus; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Tachykinins | 2002 |
Pattern of levodopa-induced striatal changes is different in normal and MPTP-lesioned mice.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Binding, Competitive; Chronic Disease; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Enkephalins; Levodopa; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Tachykinins; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Cellular and behavioural effects of the adenosine A2a receptor antagonist KW-6002 in a rat model of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Therapy, Combination; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Levodopa; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Purines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; RNA, Messenger; Treatment Outcome | 2003 |
Increased mu-opioid receptor labeling is found on inner molecular layer terminals of the dentate gyrus following seizures.
Topics: Animals; Dendrites; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Mossy Fibers, Hippocampal; Presynaptic Terminals; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures | 2003 |
Transgene-mediated enkephalin release enhances the effect of morphine and evades tolerance to produce a sustained antiallodynic effect in neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Area Under Curve; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Genetic Vectors; Immunohistochemistry; Ligation; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oncogene Proteins v-fos; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Simplexvirus; Spinal Cord Diseases; Time Factors; Transgenes | 2003 |
Behavioural and gene transcription alterations induced by spontaneous cannabinoid withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Benzoxazines; Binding, Competitive; Body Temperature; Brain; Cannabinoids; Corticosterone; Cyclohexanols; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Male; Mice; Morpholines; Motor Activity; Naphthalenes; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transcription, Genetic; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Regulation of neuropeptide mRNA expression in the basal ganglia by intrastriatal and intranigral transplants in the rat Parkinson model.
Topics: Adrenergic Agents; Animals; Autoradiography; Basal Ganglia; Brain Mapping; Disease Models, Animal; Embryo, Mammalian; Enkephalins; Entopeduncular Nucleus; Female; Fetal Tissue Transplantation; Gene Expression Regulation; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Neuropeptides; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Regression Analysis; RNA, Messenger; Septal Nuclei; Substantia Nigra; Tachykinins | 2003 |
Compensatory regulation of striatal neuropeptide gene expression occurs before changes in metabolic activity of basal ganglia nuclei.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neuropeptides; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins | 2003 |
Opioid peptide release in the rat hippocampus after kainic acid-induced status epilepticus.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Down-Regulation; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Glutamic Acid; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; Kainic Acid; Male; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Status Epilepticus | 2003 |
Transforming growth factor beta1 overexpression in the nigrostriatal system increases the dopaminergic deficit of MPTP mice.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neostriatum; Neural Pathways; Parkinsonian Disorders; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Up-Regulation | 2003 |
Effect of subthalamic nucleus or entopeduncular nucleus lesion on levodopa-induced neurochemical changes within the basal ganglia and on levodopa-induced motor alterations in 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enkephalins; Entopeduncular Nucleus; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; In Situ Hybridization; Isoenzymes; Levodopa; Male; Motor Activity; Neurons; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Subthalamic Nucleus | 2003 |
Enhanced evoked excitatory transmitter release in experimental neuropathy requires descending facilitation.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Hyperesthesia; Ligation; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Medulla Oblongata; Microinjections; N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; Nerve Compression Syndromes; Neuralgia; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Agents; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; Saporins; Sensory Thresholds; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerves | 2003 |
Increased striatal pre-proenkephalin B expression is associated with dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Male; Parkinson Disease; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger | 2003 |
Development of HSV-mediated gene transfer for the treatment of chronic pain.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Humans; Ligation; Pain; Pain Management; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Rats; Simplexvirus; Time Factors | 2003 |
The role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in regulation of striatal proenkephalin expression: implications for the therapy of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Haloperidol; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; RNA, Messenger | 2003 |
Ropinirole versus L-DOPA effects on striatal opioid peptide precursors in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease: implications for dyskinesia.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Behavior, Animal; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agonists; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Indoles; Levodopa; Male; Motor Activity; Opioid Peptides; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Synaptic Transmission | 2004 |
Can lesions of GPe correct HD deficits?
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Globus Pallidus; Humans; Huntington Disease; Substance P | 2004 |
Neuropathic pain activates the endogenous kappa opioid system in mouse spinal cord and induces opioid receptor tolerance.
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Drug Tolerance; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 3; Hyperalgesia; Lumbosacral Region; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neuralgia; Neurons; Protein Precursors; Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Sciatic Neuropathy; Spinal Cord | 2004 |
Antinociceptive structure-activity studies with enkephalin-based opioid glycopeptides.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Glycopeptides; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Opioid Peptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Structure-Activity Relationship | 2004 |
Altered expression of preproenkephalin and prodynorphin mRNA in a genetic model of paroxysmal dystonia.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain; Chorea; Cricetinae; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Mutation; Protein Precursors; Reference Values; RNA, Messenger; Tissue Distribution | 2004 |
Candidate genes, pathways and mechanisms for bipolar (manic-depressive) and related disorders: an expanded convergent functional genomics approach.
Topics: Animals; Antimanic Agents; Bayes Theorem; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Profiling; Genetic Linkage; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetic Testing; Genomics; Humans; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microarray Analysis; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Pharmacogenetics; Phosphoproteins; Protein Precursors; Substance P; Tachykinins; Valproic Acid | 2004 |
Deletion of the CCK2 receptor gene reduces mechanical sensitivity and abolishes the development of hyperalgesia in mononeuropathic mice.
Topics: Animals; Benzodiazepinones; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Ligation; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Phenylurea Compounds; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Receptor, Cholecystokinin B; Receptors, Cholecystokinin; Receptors, Opioid; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Sciatic Neuropathy; Time Factors | 2004 |
Regulation of dopamine receptor and neuropeptide expression in the basal ganglia of monkeys treated with MPTP.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Female; Functional Laterality; Globus Pallidus; Macaca mulatta; Neostriatum; Neuropeptides; Parkinsonian Disorders; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Up-Regulation | 2004 |
Alterations in expression of dopamine receptors and neuropeptides in the striatum of GTP cyclohydrolase-deficient mice.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Dystonia; Enkephalins; GTP Cyclohydrolase; In Situ Hybridization; Mice; Neuropeptides; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Presynaptic Terminals; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2004 |
Anti-inflammatory and opioid-mediated effects of melatonin on experimental peritonitis in chickens.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Cell Proliferation; Chickens; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Male; Melatonin; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid Peptides; Peritonitis; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Spleen; Thioglycolates | 2005 |
Experimental tooth movement upregulates preproenkephalin mRNA in the rat trigeminal nucleus caudalis and oralis.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Functional Laterality; Male; Neural Inhibition; Nociceptors; Orthodontic Appliances; Pain; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Tooth; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
The antidepressant effect of running is associated with increased hippocampal cell proliferation.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Count; Cell Proliferation; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; RNA, Messenger; Running; Substance P | 2005 |
Attenuation of pain-related behavior in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain by viral-driven enkephalin overproduction in trigeminal ganglion neurons.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Genetic Therapy; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Simplexvirus; Transcriptional Activation; Trigeminal Ganglion; Trigeminal Neuralgia | 2005 |
Blunted response to cocaine in the Flinders hypercholinergic animal model of depression.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Enkephalins; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Protein Precursors; Rats; RNA, Messenger | 2005 |
Alteration of kappa-opioid receptor system expression in distinct brain regions of a genetic model of enhanced ethanol withdrawal severity.
Topics: Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Central Nervous System Depressants; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Gyrus Cinguli; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Nucleus Accumbens; Olfactory Pathways; Protein Precursors; Putamen; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; RNA, Messenger; Species Specificity; Tissue Distribution | 2005 |
Cannabinoid CB(1) receptors in the basal ganglia and motor response to activation or blockade of these receptors in parkin-null mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; RNA, Messenger; Sex Factors; Statistics, Nonparametric; Substance P; Superoxide Dismutase; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases | 2005 |
Denervation and repeated L-DOPA induce complex regulatory changes in neurochemical phenotypes of striatal neurons: implication of a dopamine D1-dependent mechanism.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Gene Expression Regulation; Levodopa; Male; Neurons; Neurotensin; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; Parkinson Disease; Phenotype; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Receptors, Steroid; RNA, Messenger; Transcription Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2005 |
Neurologic recovery and improved detrusor contractility using muscle-derived cells in rat model of unilateral pelvic nerve transection.
Topics: Animals; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Female; Hypogastric Plexus; Immunohistochemistry; Muscle Cells; Muscle Contraction; Muscle, Skeletal; Nerve Regeneration; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic | 2005 |
Immediate withdrawal from chronic "binge" cocaine administration increases mu-opioid receptor mRNA levels in rat frontal cortex.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Down-Regulation; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; Frontal Lobe; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2005 |
Running has differential effects on NPY, opiates, and cell proliferation in an animal model of depression and controls.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Count; Cell Proliferation; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Exercise Therapy; Hippocampus; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Neuropeptide Y; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Running | 2006 |
ERK phosphorylation and FosB expression are associated with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in hemiparkinsonian mice.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Western; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Administration Schedule; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Dyskinesias; Enkephalins; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Gene Expression; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Levodopa; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Phosphorylation; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; RNA, Messenger; Statistics, Nonparametric; Time Factors | 2006 |
Partial dopamine loss enhances activated caspase-3 activity: differential outcomes in striatal projection systems.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Caspase 3; Caspases; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Dopamine; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; Male; Mitochondrial Proteins; Nerve Degeneration; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substantia Nigra; Sympatholytics; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Up-Regulation | 2005 |
Recombinant herpes vector-mediated analgesia in a primate model of hyperalgesia.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Hyperalgesia; Macaca; Morphine; Nociceptors; Reaction Time; Simplexvirus; Skin | 2006 |
[Analgesic effect of intrathecal transplant of immortalized rat astrocyte strain genetically modified by human preproenkephalin gene on rat chronic neuropathic pain].
Topics: Animals; Astrocytes; Cells, Cultured; Chronic Pain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Genetic Therapy; Humans; Male; Neuralgia; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2005 |
Peptidic delta opioid receptor agonists produce antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test and regulate BDNF mRNA expression in rats.
Topics: Adamantane; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Depression; Dipeptides; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Immobility Response, Tonic; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; RNA, Messenger; Swimming; Tetrahydroisoquinolines | 2006 |
Motor-skill learning-associated gene regulation in the striatum: effects of cocaine.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Learning; Male; Motor Activity; Motor Skills; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance P; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Kappa opioid control of seizures produced by a virus in an animal model.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Blotting, Northern; Borna Disease; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Electroencephalography; Encephalitis, Viral; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Seizures | 2006 |
Knockout of ERK1 enhances cocaine-evoked immediate early gene expression and behavioral plasticity.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; Genes, Immediate-Early; Limbic System; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2006 |
Extracellular signal-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors decrease amphetamine-induced behavior and neuropeptide gene expression in the striatum.
Topics: Aminoacetonitrile; Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Butadienes; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Motor Activity; Neuropeptides; Nitriles; Phosphorylation; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Fos-enkephalin signaling in the rat medial vestibular nucleus facilitates vestibular compensation.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Functional Laterality; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Oligonucleotides, Antisense; Postural Balance; Protein Binding; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Recovery of Function; RNA, Messenger; Transcription Factor AP-1; Up-Regulation; Vestibular Diseases; Vestibular Nuclei | 2006 |
Huntingtin inclusions do not down-regulate specific genes in the R6/2 Huntington's disease mouse.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Somatostatin | 2006 |
Impaired behavioural and molecular adaptations to dopamine denervation and repeated L-DOPA treatment in Nur77-knockout mice.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benserazide; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Drug Resistance; Enkephalins; Levodopa; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Neurotensin; Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; Parkinson Disease; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Receptors, Steroid; Transcription Factors | 2006 |
Cocaine-induced locomotor activity and Fos expression in nucleus accumbens are sensitized for 6 months after repeated cocaine administration outside the home cage.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; GABA Agonists; Gene Expression; Male; Motor Activity; Neostriatum; Nucleus Accumbens; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Time; Time Factors; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Genetic interaction between expanded murine Hdh alleles and p53 reveal deleterious effects of p53 on Huntington's disease pathogenesis.
Topics: Alleles; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genotype; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Mutation; Nerve Degeneration; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Peptides; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Up-Regulation | 2006 |
Preproenkephalin knockout mice show no depression-related phenotype.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Behavior, Animal; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Disulfides; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hindlimb Suspension; Immobility Response, Tonic; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred DBA; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Nialamide; Phenotype; Phenylalanine; Protein Precursors; Swimming; Vocalization, Animal | 2007 |
Prenatal exposure to valproic acid disturbs the enkephalinergic system functioning, basal hedonic tone, and emotional responses in an animal model of autism.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Autistic Disorder; Basal Ganglia; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Emotions; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Learning; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recognition, Psychology; RNA, Messenger; Valproic Acid | 2007 |
Chronic 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine treatment induces dyskinesia in aphakia mice, a novel genetic model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Afferent Pathways; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Aphakia; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Levodopa; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Substantia Nigra | 2007 |
[Biological mechanisms of the individual variability of the anxiolytic action of opioids].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Anxiety Agents; Anxiety Disorders; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Opioid Peptides; Rats; Receptors, Opioid | 2007 |
A tarantula peptide against pain via ASIC1a channels and opioid mechanisms.
Topics: Acid Sensing Ion Channels; Analgesics; Animals; Area Under Curve; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Peptides; Protein Precursors; Reaction Time; Sodium Channels; Spider Venoms; Spinal Cord; Time Factors | 2007 |
Induction of neostriatal neurogenesis slows disease progression in a transgenic murine model of Huntington disease.
Topics: Adenoviridae; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Carrier Proteins; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Mitosis; Neostriatum; Neurons; Regeneration; Substance P; Tubulin | 2007 |
Lumbar transplantation of immortalized enkephalin-expressing astrocytes attenuates chronic neuropathic pain.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Astrocytes; Behavior, Animal; Cell Line, Transformed; Cell Transplantation; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Doxycycline; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Genetic Therapy; Hot Temperature; Male; Physical Stimulation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sciatica; Subarachnoid Space; Transfection | 2008 |
Environmental modulation of anxiety-related neuronal activity and behaviors.
Topics: Amphetamine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Environment; Limbic System; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Reaction Time | 2008 |
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor over-expression in the forebrain ameliorates Huntington's disease phenotypes in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nuclear Proteins; Phenotype; Prosencephalon | 2008 |
Enkephalin elevations contribute to neuronal and behavioral impairments in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dentate Gyrus; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Entorhinal Cortex; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Protein Precursors; RNA, Messenger; Up-Regulation | 2008 |
Noradrenergic and opioidergic alterations in neuropathy in different rat strains.
Topics: Animals; Chronic Disease; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Ganglia, Spinal; Gene Expression Regulation; Hyperalgesia; Ligation; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Norepinephrine; Peripheral Nerve Injuries; Peripheral Nerves; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rats, Inbred Lew; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger; Species Specificity; Spinal Cord; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2008 |
Anticonvulsants specific for petit mal antagonize epileptogenic effect of leucine enkephalin.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Absence; Ethosuximide; Male; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Seizures; Trimethadione; Valproic Acid | 1980 |
Morphine- and endorphin-induced behavioral activation in the mouse: implications for mania and some recent pharmacogenetic studies.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bipolar Disorder; Disease Models, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Genetics, Behavioral; Humans; Mice; Morphine; Peromyscus; Running; Seizures | 1982 |
Continuous infusion in rats as a method of assessing morphine-like physical dependence for opiates.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Humans; Male; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1982 |
Cocaine binges differentially alter striatal preprodynorphin and zif/268 mRNAs.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; DNA-Binding Proteins; Drug Administration Schedule; Dynorphins; Early Growth Response Protein 1; Enkephalins; Immediate-Early Proteins; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Transcription Factors | 1995 |
Opioid peptide expression in models of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Basal Ganglia; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Male; Opioid Peptides; Protein Precursors; Rats; RNA, Messenger | 1995 |
Increased opioid binding to peripheral white blood cells in a rat model of acute cholestasis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Cholestasis; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Flow Cytometry; Leukocytes; Lymphocytes; Male; Monocytes; Naltrexone; Neutrophils; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1995 |
Evidence for a central long-lasting antinociceptive effect of vapreotide, an analog of somatostatin, involving an opioidergic mechanism.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Analgesics; Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation; Male; Membranes; Mice; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Necrosis; Nociceptors; Octreotide; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord; Time Factors; Tritium | 1994 |
Regulation of the gene expression of preproenkephalin in the rat brain: influence of hemorrhage.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Brain Stem; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; Hemorrhage; Male; Mesencephalon; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord | 1993 |
Selective opioid receptor agonists modulate mechanical allodynia in an animal model of neuropathic pain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Benzeneacetamides; Benzomorphans; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Male; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Pain; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Vocalization, Animal | 1993 |
Synchronous GABA-mediated potentials and epileptiform discharges in the rat limbic system in vitro.
Topics: 4-Aminopyridine; 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; Analgesics; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electrophysiology; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Entorhinal Cortex; Epilepsy; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Hippocampus; Limbic System; Male; Membrane Potentials; N-Methylaspartate; Nerve Fibers; Piperazines; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Serotonin Receptor Agonists | 1996 |
Vincristine hyperalgesia in the rat: a model of painful vincristine neuropathy in humans.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hot Temperature; Hyperalgesia; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Pain Threshold; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Physical Stimulation; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vincristine | 1996 |
The analgesic drug buprenorphine inhibits osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro, but is proinflammatory in rat adjuvant arthritis.
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Arthritis, Experimental; Arthrography; Bone Resorption; Buprenorphine; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Edema; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Femur; Lethal Dose 50; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Osteoclasts; Rats | 1996 |
Kindled seizure-induced c-fos and prodynorphin mRNA expressions are unrelated in the rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalins; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe; Gene Expression; In Situ Hybridization; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 1996 |
Hepatic concentrations of proenkephalin-derived opioids are increased in a rat model of cholestasis.
Topics: Animals; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Common Bile Duct; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Male; Narcotics; Protein Precursors; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sensitivity and Specificity | 1996 |
Conditioned place preference: no tolerance to the rewarding properties of morphine.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzeneacetamides; Body Weight; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1997 |
Use of "natural" hibernation induction triggers for myocardial protection.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Coronary Circulation; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Female; Heart; Heart Arrest, Induced; Hibernation; Hypothermia, Induced; Male; Marmota; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardial Stunning; Myocardium; Oxygen Consumption; Peptides; Premedication; Proteins; Rabbits; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Ursidae; Ventricular Function; Ventricular Function, Left; Ventricular Pressure | 1997 |
Temporal changes in spinal cord expression of mRNA for substance P, dynorphin and enkephalin in a model of chronic pain.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Chronic Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Male; Neuropeptides; Pain; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Time Factors | 1997 |
Topographical organization of opioid peptide precursor gene expression following repeated apomorphine treatment in the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rat.
Topics: Animals; Apomorphine; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Gene Expression Regulation; In Situ Hybridization; Male; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Organ Specificity; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reference Values; Time Factors | 1998 |
Age-dependent changes in adenosine receptors are not modified by life-long intermittent alcohol administration.
Topics: Aging; Alcoholism; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Purinergic P1; RNA, Messenger | 1998 |
Effect of naloxone on the bladder activity of rabbits with acute spinal injury.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Electromyography; Enkephalins; Injections, Intravenous; Injections, Spinal; Male; Naloxone; Prospective Studies; Rabbits; Spinal Cord Injuries; Time Factors; Urinary Bladder; Urodynamics | 1998 |
The relationship between oral dyskinesias produced by long-term haloperidol treatment, the density of striatal preproenkephalin messenger RNA and enkephalin peptide, and the number of striatal neurons expressing preproenkephalin messenger RNA in rats.
Topics: Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Fasciculation; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Haloperidol; Humans; Motor Activity; Mouth; Neurons; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Transcription, Genetic; Videotape Recording | 1999 |
Opioid peptide pharmacology and immunocytochemistry in an animal model of self-sustaining status epilepticus.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalins; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neurons; Opioid Peptides; Peptide Fragments; Perforant Pathway; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Status Epilepticus | 1999 |
Early effects of intrastriatal injections of quinolinic acid on microtubule-associated protein-2 and neuropeptides in rat basal ganglia.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Corpus Striatum; Cytoskeleton; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Damage; Efferent Pathways; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Globus Pallidus; Huntington Disease; Injections; Male; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Microtubule-Associated Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Substance P | 1999 |
Striatal fosB expression is causally linked with l-DOPA-induced abnormal involuntary movements and the associated upregulation of striatal prodynorphin mRNA in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Antisense Elements (Genetics); Bacterial Proteins; Biomarkers; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Dyskinesias; Enkephalins; Female; Levodopa; Neostriatum; Nerve Degeneration; Neurons; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Transcription Factors; Ventral Tegmental Area | 1999 |
Decrease in striatal enkephalin mRNA in mouse models of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Calbindins; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Damage; Enkephalins; Female; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Homozygote; Huntingtin Protein; Huntington Disease; Isoenzymes; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Motor Activity; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurons; Nuclear Proteins; RNA, Messenger; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Substance P; Trinucleotide Repeats | 2000 |
L-DOPA produces strong induction of c-fos messenger RNA in dopamine-denervated cortical and striatal areas of the common marmoset.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Blotting, Western; Callithrix; Cerebral Cortex; Corpus Striatum; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; Enkephalins; Gene Expression; Genes, Immediate-Early; Levodopa; Nerve Degeneration; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Raclopride; Radioligand Assay; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; RNA, Messenger; Substance P; Substantia Nigra; Sympatholytics; Tritium | 2000 |
Transient global ischemia in rats yields striatal projection neuron and interneuron loss resembling that in Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Choline O-Acetyltransferase; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Huntington Disease; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Interneurons; Ischemic Attack, Transient; Male; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Nerve Fibers; Neural Pathways; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Somatostatin; Substance P | 2000 |
GDNF reverses priming for dyskinesia in MPTP-treated, L-DOPA-primed common marmosets.
Topics: Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Body Weight; Callithrix; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression; Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Levodopa; Locomotion; Male; Mazindol; MPTP Poisoning; Nerve Growth Factors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuroprotective Agents; Protein Precursors; Recovery of Function; RNA, Messenger; Substantia Nigra; Tachykinins; Tritium; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2001 |
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and neurotrophin-4/5 prevent the death of striatal projection neurons in a rodent model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cell Death; Cell Line; Cell Transplantation; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Fibroblasts; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Huntington Disease; Isoenzymes; Male; Nerve Growth Factors; Neurons; Neurotrophin 3; Phosphorylation; Protein Precursors; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Receptor, trkB; Tachykinins | 2000 |
Alterations in cortical and basal ganglia levels of opioid receptor binding in a rat model of l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.
Topics: Animals; Basal Ganglia; Behavior, Animal; Binding Sites; Cerebral Cortex; Diprenorphine; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Female; Levodopa; Narcotic Antagonists; Oxidopamine; Protein Precursors; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; RNA, Messenger; Sympatholytics; Tritium | 2001 |
Coadministration of (-)-OSU6162 with l-DOPA normalizes preproenkephalin mRNA expression in the sensorimotor striatum of primates with unilateral 6-OHDA lesions.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Callithrix; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enkephalins; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Injections, Subcutaneous; Levodopa; Ligands; Male; Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Piperidines; Protein Precursors; Putamen; RNA, Messenger; Tritium | 2001 |
Supraspinal delta- and mu-opioid receptors mediate gastric mucosal protection in the rat.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Capsaicin; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Routes; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Enzyme Inhibitors; Ethanol; Gastric Mucosa; Hydrochloric Acid; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stomach Ulcer; Vagotomy | 2001 |
Neuropeptide expression in the ferret trigeminal ganglion following ligation of the inferior alveolar nerve.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Axons; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; Cell Count; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Female; Ferrets; Fluorescent Dyes; Follow-Up Studies; Galanin; Gene Expression; Horseradish Peroxidase; Immunohistochemistry; Lectins; Ligation; Mandibular Nerve; Neural Pathways; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptides; Sensation Disorders; Statistics as Topic; Stilbamidines; Substance P; Trigeminal Ganglion; Trigeminal Nerve Injuries; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide | 2001 |
Therapeutic efficacy in experimental polyarthritis of viral-driven enkephalin overproduction in sensory neurons.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Progression; Enkephalins; Freund's Adjuvant; Ganglia, Spinal; Genes, Reporter; Genetic Therapy; Genetic Vectors; Herpesvirus 1, Human; Hindlimb; Hyperalgesia; Male; Neurons, Afferent; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Severity of Illness Index; Terminal Repeat Sequences; Treatment Outcome | 2001 |
Persistent changes in striatal gene expression induced by long-term L-DOPA treatment in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.
Topics: Animals; Bromocriptine; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Immunohistochemistry; Levodopa; Neostriatum; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Sympatholytics | 2001 |
MK-801 alters the effects of priming with L-DOPA on dopamine D1 receptor-induced changes in neuropeptide mRNA levels in the rat striatal output neurons.
Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocilpine Maleate; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Agonists; Drug Interactions; Dynorphins; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced; Enkephalins; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Immunohistochemistry; Levodopa; Male; Motor Activity; Neostriatum; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Oxidopamine; Parkinsonian Disorders; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2002 |
ERK MAP kinase activation in superficial spinal cord neurons induces prodynorphin and NK-1 upregulation and contributes to persistent inflammatory pain hypersensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Butadienes; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Enzyme Activation; Enzyme Inhibitors; Freund's Adjuvant; Hindlimb; Hyperalgesia; Inflammation; Injections, Spinal; Male; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nitriles; Pain; Posterior Horn Cells; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Up-Regulation | 2002 |
Striatopallidal neurons are selectively protected by neurturin in an excitotoxic model of Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalins; Globus Pallidus; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Huntington Disease; Isoenzymes; Male; Neostriatum; Nerve Growth Factors; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurotoxins; Neurturin; Protein Precursors; Quinolinic Acid; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; RNA, Messenger; Tachykinins | 2002 |
Morphine attenuates pain and prevents inflammation in experimental peritonitis.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Leukocytes; Morphine; Pain; Peritonitis; Protein Precursors; Zymosan | 2002 |
Central mu-opioid receptors are down-regulated in a rat model of cholestasis.
Topics: Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Cell Membrane; Cerebral Cortex; Cholestasis; Disease Models, Animal; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Hippocampus; Ligands; Liver; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Tritium | 1992 |
Monoarthritis induces complex changes in mu-, delta- and kappa-opioid binding sites in the superficial dorsal horn of the rat spinal cord.
Topics: Animals; Arthritis; Arthritis, Experimental; Autoradiography; Benzeneacetamides; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Freund's Adjuvant; Male; Pain; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Spinal Cord | 1992 |
Endogenous opioids accumulate in plasma in a rat model of acute cholestasis.
Topics: Acute Disease; Amino Acid Sequence; Aminopeptidases; Animals; Cholestasis; Disease Models, Animal; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1992 |
Enkephalins in pheochromocytoma: studies in a rat model.
Topics: Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Animals; Blood Pressure; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Epinephrine; Epitopes; Heart Rate; Humans; Norepinephrine; Pheochromocytoma; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1985 |
C57BL/6J-bgJ (beige) mice: differential sensitivity in the tail flick test to centrally administered mu- and delta-opioid receptor agonists.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalins; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Mutant Strains; Morphine; Pain Measurement; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1987 |
[Antihypoxic properties of endorphins, enkephalins and their analogs].
Topics: Acute Disease; Altitude; Animals; Atmosphere Exposure Chambers; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Endorphins; Enkephalins; Hypoxia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred CBA | 1988 |
Delivery of analgesic peptides to the brain by nano-sized bolaamphiphilic vesicles made of monolayer membranes.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Cations; Chitosan; Cholinesterases; Delayed-Action Preparations; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Furans; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nanoparticles; Pain; Peptides; Pyridones; Tissue Distribution | 2013 |
δ opioid receptor antagonist, ICI 174,864, is suitable for the early treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Survival Analysis | 2013 |
Effects of aqueous extracts from Panax ginseng and Hippophae rhamnoides on acute alcohol intoxication: An experimental study using mouse model.
Topics: Alcohol Dehydrogenase; Alcohol Oxidoreductases; Alcoholic Intoxication; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; Animals; beta-Endorphin; Blood Alcohol Content; Brain; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Ethanol; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hippophae; Liver; Male; Mice; Panax; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Solvents; Time Factors; Water | 2016 |
Hypertensive state, independent of hypertrophy, exhibits an attenuated decrease in systolic function on cardiac kappa-opioid receptor stimulation.
Topics: 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer; Animals; Antihypertensive Agents; Benzamides; beta-Endorphin; Blood Pressure; Cricetinae; Cyclic AMP; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Hypertension; Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular; Myocardial Contraction; Myocardium; Piperazines; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Systole; Ventricular Remodeling | 2009 |
Activation of peripheral delta opioid receptors eliminates cardiac electrical instability in a rat model of post-infarction cardiosclerosis via mitochondrial ATP-dependent K+ channels.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Decanoic Acids; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Antagonism; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Glyburide; Hydroxy Acids; Male; Mitochondria, Heart; Myocardial Infarction; Myocardium; Naloxone; Potassium Channels; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Sclerosis; Ventricular Fibrillation | 2003 |
[Changes in systemic and local vascular reactivity in hemorrhagic shock and the therapeutic effect of delta opioid receptor antagonist ICI174,864].
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Male; Mesenteric Artery, Superior; Norepinephrine; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Shock, Hemorrhagic; Vasoconstriction | 2005 |
Reduced kappa-opioid activity in a rat model of cholestasis.
Topics: Animals; Binding, Competitive; Brain; Cholestasis; Dialysis Solutions; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Hypothalamus; Male; Microdialysis; Oligopeptides; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Sulfur Radioisotopes | 2005 |
Mu and delta opioid receptor interactions in a rat model of drug induced seizures.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Male; Naloxone; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Seizures | 1984 |
Effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on amine and peptide neurotransmitter systems.
Topics: Animals; beta-Endorphin; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Female; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders; Neurotransmitter Agents; Norepinephrine; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Serotonin | 1983 |
Comparison of naloxone and a delta-selective antagonist in experimental spinal stroke.
Topics: Animals; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Male; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Rabbits; Spinal Cord | 1983 |
Benzodiazepine antagonists reduce epileptiform discharges in rat hippocampal slices.
Topics: Animals; Carbolines; Convulsants; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Enkephalin, Leucine; Epilepsy; Flumazenil; Hippocampus; Kindling, Neurologic; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Structure-Activity Relationship; Synaptic Transmission | 1996 |
Role of NOC/oFQ in impaired opioid-induced pial artery dilation following brain injury.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries; Cerebral Arteries; Disease Models, Animal; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Female; Male; Nociceptin; Opioid Peptides; Pia Mater; Swine; Vasodilation | 2000 |
Measurement of neuropeptides in the brain and spinal cord of Wobbler mouse: a model for motoneuron disease.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Mice; Mice, Neurologic Mutants; Motor Neurons; Neuromuscular Diseases; Neuropeptides; Somatostatin; Spinal Cord; Substance P; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1990 |
[Experimental research on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced parkinsonian animal models in the rhesus monkey and C57 black mouse].
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Macaca mulatta; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parkinson Disease, Secondary; Substantia Nigra | 1990 |
[Use of a synthetic opioid for the reversal of stress-induced damage of the myocardium and gastric mucosa in severe thermal trauma].
Topics: Animals; Burns; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Gastric Mucosa; Heart; Heart Failure; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Models, Cardiovascular; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Stomach Ulcer; Stress, Physiological | 1989 |
Excitotoxin lesions do not mimic the alteration of somatostatin in Huntington's disease.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Humans; Huntington Disease; Ibotenic Acid; Immune Sera; Immunoassay; Kainic Acid; Male; Neurons; Radioimmunoassay; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Somatostatin; Tissue Distribution | 1985 |
[Dalargin--a peptide preparation with cytoprotective action].
Topics: Animals; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning; Cells, Cultured; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Duodenal Ulcer; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Hemorrhage; Humans; Lymphocytes; Mice; Necrosis; Pancreas; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Stomach Ulcer | 1985 |
[The site (central or peripheral) of the anti-ulcer action of dalargin, a synthetic analog of endogenous opioids in an experimental model of cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in rats].
Topics: Animals; Anti-Ulcer Agents; Brain; Cysteamine; Disease Models, Animal; Duodenal Ulcer; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Injections, Intraventricular; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid | 1987 |
L-deprenyl in prevention of MPTP induced depletion of striatal enkephalins in mice.
Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Parkinson Disease; Phenethylamines; Pyridines; Selegiline; Stereoisomerism | 1988 |