enkephalin, leucine has been researched along with Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure in 34 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (20.59) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 11 (32.35) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 6 (17.65) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 9 (26.47) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (2.94) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| Abate, P; Hernández-Fonseca, K; Méndez, M | 1 |
| Bellia, F; D'Addario, C; Jiménez García, AM; Miranda-Morales, RS; Pautassi, RM; Wille-Bille, A | 1 |
| Carlin, J; Christ, L; Grissom, NM; Lyde, R; Reyes, TM; Sasson, IE; Simmons, RA; Vitins, AP | 1 |
| Chang, GQ; Karatayev, O; Leibowitz, SF | 1 |
| Gugusheff, JR; Muhlhausler, BS; Ong, ZY | 1 |
| Bordner, K; Deak, T | 1 |
| Chang, GQ; Karatayev, O; Leibowitz, SF; Lukatskaya, O | 1 |
| Casaccia, P; DiNieri, JA; Dow-Edwards, D; Hurd, YL; Kaur, J; Spano, SM; Szutorisz, H; Wang, X | 1 |
| Barson, JR; Chang, GQ; Karatayev, O; Leibowitz, SF; Liang, SC | 1 |
| Dunlop, SA; Farid, WO; Hulse, GK; Krstew, EV; Lawrence, AJ; Tait, RJ | 1 |
| Holgert, H; Wickström, R; Wong, T | 1 |
| Hnatczuk, OC; Slamberová, R; Vathy, I | 1 |
| Ellgren, M; Hurd, YL; Spano, MS; Wang, X | 1 |
| Gieryk, A; Przewłocki, R; Schneider, T; Tyminska, A; Ziòłkowska, B | 1 |
| Dow-Edwards, DL; Hurd, YL; Torres-Reveron, A | 1 |
| Hong, JS; Lamartiniere, CA; Lowe, C; Squibb, RE | 1 |
| Bartke, A; Blum, K; Briggs, A; Dalterio, S; DeLallo, L; Sweeney, C | 1 |
| Clancy, AN; Couri, D; McGivern, RF; Mousa, S; Noble, EP | 1 |
| Keller, RW; Snyder-Keller, AM | 1 |
| Brito, B; Castro, R; Martín-Trujillo, JM; Notario, V; Segovia, J | 1 |
| Barg, J; Belcheva, MM; Coscia, CJ; Dawn, S; Ho, MT; Ignatova, E; McHale, RJ | 1 |
| Rimanóczy, A; Vathy, I | 1 |
| Basheer, R; Tempel, A; Yang, J | 1 |
| Diaz, A; Laorden, ML; Milanés, MV; Pazos, A; Sanchez, MD | 1 |
| Etgen, AM; Vathy, I | 1 |
| Di Giulio, AM; Gorio, A; Malosio, ML; Vergani, L | 1 |
| Barron, S; Belcheva, MM; Bohn, LM; Coscia, CJ; Ho, MT; Johnson, FE; Yanai, J | 1 |
| Fernández-Ruiz, J; Manzanares, J; Pérez-Rosado, A; Ramos, JA | 1 |
| Maor, GI; Matlina, E; McEwen, BS; Rosen, H; Weinstock, M | 1 |
| Bridges, RS; Insel, TR; Kinsley, CH; Mann, PE | 1 |
| Branch, BJ; Lewis, JW; Liebeskind, JC; Nelson, LR; Taylor, AN | 1 |
| Olley, JE; Tiong, GK | 1 |
| Aleksandrov, VA; Bespalov, VG; Khavinson, VKh; Morozov, VG | 1 |
| Maĭzelis, MIa; Zabludovskiĭ, AL | 1 |
34 other study(ies) available for enkephalin, leucine and Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Prenatal ethanol exposure and enkephalinergic neurotransmission.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Prefrontal Cortex; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Reinforcement, Psychology; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2019 |
Early exposure to environmental enrichment modulates the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure upon opioid gene expression and adolescent ethanol intake.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Amygdala; Animals; Anxiety; Brain; Enkephalins; Environment; Ethanol; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; RNA, Messenger; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2020 |
Obesity at conception programs the opioid system in the offspring brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; DNA Methylation; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Embryo Disposition; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Genes, sry; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Male; Maternal-Fetal Relations; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Obesity; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 2014 |
Prenatal exposure to nicotine stimulates neurogenesis of orexigenic peptide-expressing neurons in hypothalamus and amygdala.
Topics: Age Factors; Amygdala; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Bromodeoxyuridine; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Hypothalamic Hormones; Hypothalamus; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Melanins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Orexins; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Pituitary Hormones; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2013 |
Naloxone treatment alters gene expression in the mesolimbic reward system in 'junk food' exposed offspring in a sex-specific manner but does not affect food preferences in adulthood.
Topics: Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Sucrose; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Eating; Enkephalins; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food Preferences; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Sex Characteristics; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2014 |
Endogenous opioids as substrates for ethanol intake in the neonatal rat: The impact of prenatal ethanol exposure on the opioid family in the early postnatal period.
Topics: Age Factors; Alcohol Drinking; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Brain; Central Nervous System Depressants; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Gestational Age; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger | 2015 |
Prenatal fat exposure and hypothalamic PPAR β/δ: Possible relationship to increased neurogenesis of orexigenic peptide neurons.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Consummatory Behavior; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats; Disease Susceptibility; Enkephalins; Female; Hypothalamic Hormones; Hypothalamus; Melanins; Neurogenesis; Neurons; Pituitary Hormones; PPAR delta; PPAR-beta; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats, Sprague-Dawley | 2016 |
Maternal cannabis use alters ventral striatal dopamine D2 gene regulation in the offspring.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Conditioning, Psychological; Dronabinol; Enkephalins; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Fetus; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Humans; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Radioligand Assay; Radionuclide Imaging; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Smoking | 2011 |
Prenatal ethanol exposure stimulates neurogenesis in hypothalamic and limbic peptide systems: possible mechanism for offspring ethanol overconsumption.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Antimetabolites; Brain; Bromodeoxyuridine; Central Nervous System Depressants; Digoxigenin; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Galanin; Hypothalamus; Immunohistochemistry; In Situ Hybridization; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Limbic System; Neuropeptides; Orexins; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; RNA, Messenger | 2012 |
Maternally administered sustained-release naltrexone in rats affects offspring neurochemistry and behaviour in adulthood.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neostriatum; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Self Administration | 2012 |
Chronic prenatal nicotine exposure alters enkephalin mRNA regulation in the perinatal rat adrenal medulla.
Topics: Adrenal Medulla; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2003 |
Expression of proopiomelanocortin and proenkephalin mRNA in sexually dimorphic brain regions are altered in adult male and female rats treated prenatally with morphine.
Topics: Animals; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Female; Hypothalamus; In Situ Hybridization; Limbic System; Male; Morphine; Ovariectomy; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Progesterone; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 2004 |
Prenatal cannabis exposure increases heroin seeking with allostatic changes in limbic enkephalin systems in adulthood.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Autoradiography; Behavior, Animal; Cannabis; Conditioning, Operant; Dynorphins; Enkephalins; Female; Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate); Heroin Dependence; In Situ Hybridization; Limbic System; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Binding; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reaction Time | 2007 |
Prenatal exposure to valproic acid disturbs the enkephalinergic system functioning, basal hedonic tone, and emotional responses in an animal model of autism.
Topics: Animals; Anticonvulsants; Anxiety; Autistic Disorder; Basal Ganglia; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Emotions; Enkephalins; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Gene Expression; Learning; Male; Maze Learning; Memory; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recognition, Psychology; RNA, Messenger; Valproic Acid | 2007 |
Gender differences in prodynorphin but not proenkephalin mRNA expression in the striatum of adolescent rats exposed to prenatal cocaine.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Sex Characteristics | 2007 |
Monosodium glutamate exposure in the neonate alters hypothalamic and pituitary neuropeptide levels in the adult.
Topics: Animals; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Glutamates; Hypothalamus; Male; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurotensin; Pituitary Gland; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Sex Factors; Sodium Glutamate; Substance P | 1981 |
Perinatal exposure to delta 9-THC in mice: altered enkephalin and norepinephrine sensitivity in vas deferens.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Dronabinol; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Norepinephrine; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Vas Deferens | 1980 |
Prenatal alcohol exposure alters enkephalin levels, without affecting ethanol preference.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Fetus; Globus Pallidus; Male; Pituitary Gland; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains | 1984 |
Prenatal cocaine increases striatal serotonin innervation without altering the patch/matrix organization of intrinsic cell types.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Aging; Animals; Calbindins; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Enkephalins; Female; Immunohistochemistry; Male; NADPH Dehydrogenase; Neurons, Afferent; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; Serotonin; Substance P; Substantia Nigra | 1993 |
Prenatal haloperidol induces a selective reduction in the expression of plasticity-related genes in neonate rat forebrain.
Topics: Actins; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Northern; Calmodulin; Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; Enkephalins; Female; GAP-43 Protein; Gene Expression; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; Glutamate Decarboxylase; Haloperidol; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mesencephalon; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurofilament Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Prosencephalon; Protein Precursors; Proto-Oncogenes; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; RNA, Messenger | 1994 |
Transient down-regulation of neonatal rat brain mu-opioid receptors upon in utero exposure to buprenorphine.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Benzeneacetamides; Brain Chemistry; Buprenorphine; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Membranes; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pyrrolidines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1994 |
Prenatal exposure to morphine alters brain mu opioid receptor characteristics in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Gestational Age; Male; Morphine; Ovary; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Sex Characteristics | 1995 |
Prenatal morphine exposure differentially alters expression of opioid peptides in striatum of newborns.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Blotting, Northern; Brain; Corpus Striatum; Dynorphins; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; Frontal Lobe; Gene Expression; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Morphine; Multivariate Analysis; Organ Specificity; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Biosynthesis; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; RNA, Messenger | 1995 |
Autoradiographic evidence of mu-opioid receptors down-regulation after prenatal stress in offspring rat brain.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Autoradiography; beta-Endorphin; Brain Chemistry; Down-Regulation; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Stress, Physiological; Tritium | 1996 |
Effects of prenatal morphine and adult estrogen administration on mu-opioid inhibition of norepinephrine release from hypothalamic slices.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Estradiol; Female; Hypothalamus; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Morphine; Naloxone; Norepinephrine; Ovariectomy; Potassium Chloride; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1996 |
Exposure to perinatal morphine promotes developmental changes in rat striatum.
Topics: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; Animals; Dopamine; Enkephalin, Methionine; Enkephalins; Female; In Situ Hybridization; Lactation; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Neostriatum; Neurons; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid; RNA, Messenger; Serotonin; Substance P; Synapses; Synapsins; Time Factors; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 1996 |
Brain opioid receptor adaptation and expression after prenatal exposure to buprenorphine.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Animals, Newborn; beta-Endorphin; Brain; Buprenorphine; Cross-Linking Reagents; Down-Regulation; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Narcotic Antagonists; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction | 1998 |
Prenatal Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure modifies proenkephalin gene expression in the fetal rat brain: sex-dependent differences.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Dronabinol; Enkephalins; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Hallucinogens; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Protein Precursors; Rats; Rats, Wistar; RNA, Messenger; Sex Characteristics; Transcription, Genetic | 2000 |
Prenatal stress selectively alters the reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal system in the female rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Blotting, Northern; Corticosterone; Dexamethasone; Enkephalins; Female; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Hypothalamus; Male; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Protein Precursors; Rats; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; RNA, Messenger; Stress, Psychological | 1992 |
Prenatal stress has long-term effects on brain opiate receptors.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Female; Hot Temperature; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Restraint, Physical; Stress, Psychological | 1990 |
Morphine analgesia is potentiated in adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Endorphins; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, Leucine; Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Morphine; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu | 1986 |
Effects of exposure in utero to methadone and buprenorphine on enkephalin levels in the developing rat brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Buprenorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalins; Female; Methadone; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats | 1988 |
[Influence of the polypeptide preparations cortexin and encephalin on the transplacental carcinogenic effect of N-nitroso-N-ethylurea in rats].
Topics: Animals; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Drug Interactions; Enkephalins; Ethylnitrosourea; Female; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Neoplasms, Experimental; Peptides; Placenta; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats | 1988 |
[Enkephalin content in sections of the brain of rats undergoing intrauterine exposures to ethanol].
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Enkephalins; Ethanol; Female; Male; Pregnancy; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Radioimmunoassay; Rats | 1986 |