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enflurane and Postoperative Complications

enflurane has been researched along with Postoperative Complications in 53 studies

Enflurane: An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.
enflurane : An ether in which the oxygen atom is connected to 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl and difluoromethyl groups.

Postoperative Complications: Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Postoperative nausea and vomiting have been reported to be associated with the use of nitrous oxide."9.06Role of nitrous oxide and other factors in postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized and blinded prospective study. ( Buck, CF; Harper, JV; Kunkel, SE; Muir, JJ; Offord, KP; Warner, MA, 1987)
"Halothane and enflurane were compared as to the occurrence of arrhythmias and hypotension caused by standardized surgical stimulation."6.66The incidence of cardiac arrhythmias and arterial hypotension subsequent to standardized surgical stimuli in patients undergoing thoracotomy. With reference to enflurane and halothane. ( Andersen, KB; Skovsted, P; Sørensen, O; Waaben, J, 1986)
"In two prospective, randomized studies the frequency of headache, nausea, vomiting, and analgesic requirement during the first postoperative 24 h was observed in order to study differences between the sexes and the inhalation anesthetics halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, or balanced anesthesia with enflurane/alfentanil."5.06[Complaints in the postoperative phase related to anesthetics]. ( Fritz, T; Guggenberger, E; Guggenberger, H; Heuser, D; Warth, H; Wittkowski, KM, 1988)
"Postoperative nausea and vomiting have been reported to be associated with the use of nitrous oxide."5.06Role of nitrous oxide and other factors in postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized and blinded prospective study. ( Buck, CF; Harper, JV; Kunkel, SE; Muir, JJ; Offord, KP; Warner, MA, 1987)
" fentanyl for outpatient termination of pregnancy."5.05Anaesthesia for outpatient termination of pregnancy. A comparison of two anaesthetic techniques. ( Avery, AJ; Garrioch, DB; Hackett, GH; Harris, MN; Plantevin, OM; Pringle, HM, 1982)
"9 years; n = 169) undergoing surgery for hip fracture were given epidural, neurolept analgesia, ketamine, enflurane or halothane anesthesia."3.66Survival of female geriatric patients after hip fracture surgery. A comparison of 5 anesthetic methods. ( Holmberg, I; Stefánsson, T; Wickström, I, 1982)
"For over a decade there has been concern about hepatitis related to halothane anesthesia."3.66Changes in liver enzyme values after halothane and enflurane for surgical anesthesia. ( Friday, CD; Thompson, DS, 1978)
" We argue for the continued use of trichloroethylene by this technique, because it costs one hundred times less than enflurane and because of the potential morbidity of the postoperative opiate dosage required after enflurane."2.66Comparison of trichloroethylene and enflurane as adjuncts to nitrous oxide and relaxant anaesthesia. ( Reynolds, F; Rice, AS, 1987)
"Halothane and enflurane were compared as to the occurrence of arrhythmias and hypotension caused by standardized surgical stimulation."2.66The incidence of cardiac arrhythmias and arterial hypotension subsequent to standardized surgical stimuli in patients undergoing thoracotomy. With reference to enflurane and halothane. ( Andersen, KB; Skovsted, P; Sørensen, O; Waaben, J, 1986)
"Ninety cancer patients with selective operation from March 2011 to May 2014 were randomly divided into group A (34 cases), group B (28 cases) and group C (28 cases)."1.40Influence of propofol, isoflurane and enflurance on levels of serum interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 in cancer patients. ( Liu, TC, 2014)
"In all three groups, atelectasis was the main cause."1.29Impact of anesthetic agents on patients with sickle cell disease. ( Bischoff, RJ; Gross, ML; Kerstein, MD; Schwedler, M, 1993)
"Bilirubin was elevated on the first postoperative day, then dropped rapidly and stayed below the pre-operative values until the 12th postoperative day."1.26[Influences of different anaesthetic techniques on serum levels of hepatic enzymes and of bilirubin (author's transl)]. ( Garstka, G; Schlebusch, H; Schneider, C; Stoeckel, H, 1979)

Research

Studies (53)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199035 (66.04)18.7374
1990's16 (30.19)18.2507
2000's1 (1.89)29.6817
2010's1 (1.89)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Liu, TC1
Dykes, MH1
Caplan, RA1
Long, MC1
Oikkonen, M1
Rosenberg, PH1
Caldwell, CB1
Gross, JB1
Hackett, GH1
Harris, MN1
Plantevin, OM2
Pringle, HM1
Garrioch, DB1
Avery, AJ1
Wickström, I1
Holmberg, I1
Stefánsson, T1
Delhumeau, A1
Cocaud, J1
Bourgeonneau, MC1
Cavellat, M1
Kruczek, M1
Albin, MS1
Wolf, S1
Bertoni, JM1
Danilewitz, MD1
Braude, BM1
Bloch, HM1
Botha, J1
Kew, MC1
Harwood, RJ1
Singh, P2
Cartwright, DP1
Crossley, AW1
Acquarone, N1
Garibotto, G1
Tegazzin, V1
Sofia, A1
Gurreri, G1
Bagshaw, ON1
Aitkenhead, AR1
Elliott, RH1
Strunin, L1
Gross, ML1
Schwedler, M1
Bischoff, RJ1
Kerstein, MD1
Mathisen, DJ1
Kotani, N1
Hashimoto, H1
Hirota, K1
Muraoka, M1
Matsuki, A1
Hausmann, R1
Schmidt, B1
Schellmann, B1
Betz, P1
Reeves, M1
Asai, K1
Ishii, S1
Ohta, S1
Furusho, K1
Rieke, H1
Kazmaier, S1
Lange, H1
Weyland, A1
Sonntag, H1
Chung, F1
Mulier, JP1
Scholz, J1
Breivik, H1
Araujo, M1
Hjelle, K1
Upadhyaya, B1
Haigh, C1
Daurelle, MT1
Soliman, MG1
Brindle, GF1
Garstka, G1
Schlebusch, H1
Stoeckel, H1
Schneider, C1
Tarhan, S1
White, RD1
Raimundo, HS1
McIlroy, PD1
Fee, JP1
Dundee, JW1
Black, GW1
Doggart, JR1
Johnston, HM1
Haire, M1
Neille, D1
Stanford, BJ1
Gilbert, JR1
Davidson, SH1
Fagiano, G1
Maggi, G1
Borrione, A1
De Siena, L1
Casadio, C1
Pischedda, F1
Thompson, DS1
Friday, CD1
Janjić, I1
Zuech, N1
Luetić, V1
Kruzić, Z1
Filipović, M1
Vignotto, F1
Cardesi, E1
Rufinelli, AR1
Pattono, R1
Zaffiri, O1
Shichinohe, Y1
Masuda, Y1
Takahashi, H1
Kotaki, M1
Omote, T1
Shichinohe, M1
Namiki, A1
Parke, TJ1
Jago, RH1
Dehring, DJ1
Gupta, B1
Peruzzi, WT1
Faithfull, NS1
Hall, RI1
Poole, L1
Murphy, JT1
Moffitt, EA1
Slogoff, S1
Keats, AS1
Tuman, KJ1
McCarthy, RJ1
Spiess, BD1
DaValle, M1
Dabir, R1
Ivankovich, AD1
Christys, AR1
Moss, E1
Powell, D1
Guggenberger, H1
Fritz, T1
Guggenberger, E1
Warth, H1
Wittkowski, KM1
Heuser, D1
Gunawardene, RD1
White, DC1
Millar, JM1
Jewkes, CF1
Rice, AS1
Reynolds, F1
Fahy, LT1
Starkman, M1
Belotte, F1
Venutolo, F1
Levêque, P1
Lesouef, JM1
Marsepoil, T1
Muir, JJ1
Warner, MA1
Offord, KP1
Buck, CF1
Harper, JV1
Kunkel, SE1
Nicoll, JM1
Grant, IS1
Sørensen, O1
Waaben, J1
Andersen, KB1
Skovsted, P1
Seino, H1
Dohi, S1
Aiyoshi, Y1
Mizutani, T1
Nakamura, K1
Naito, H1
Brandt, L1
Pohar, H1
Gehl, A1
Neugebauer, I1
Carter, JA1
Dye, AM1
Cooper, GM1

Reviews

3 reviews available for enflurane and Postoperative Complications

ArticleYear
Hepatotoxicity of volatile anaesthetics.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1993, Volume: 70, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthetics; Animals; Antibodies; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Enflurane; Halothane; Hepa

1993
Carinal reconstruction: techniques and problems.
    Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery, 1996, Volume: 8, Issue:4

    Topics: Anesthetics, Inhalation; Enflurane; Humans; Patient Care Planning; Postoperative Care; Postoperative

1996
Postoperative opisthotonus and torticollis after fentanyl, enflurane, and nitrous oxide.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1991, Volume: 38, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Enflurane; Female; Fentanyl; Humans; Nitrous Oxide; Postoperative Com

1991

Trials

13 trials available for enflurane and Postoperative Complications

ArticleYear
Anaesthesia for outpatient termination of pregnancy. A comparison of two anaesthetic techniques.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1982, Volume: 54, Issue:8

    Topics: Abortion, Induced; Adolescent; Adult; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesth

1982
The effect of different end-tidal volatile agent and carbon dioxide concentrations upon the incidence of postoperative shivering.
    Anaesthesia, 1995, Volume: 50, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Axilla; Body Temperature; Carbon Dioxide; Drug

1995
Alfentanil in daycase anaesthesia. Assessment of a single dose on the quality of anaesthesia and recovery.
    Anaesthesia, 1993, Volume: 48, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Alfentanil; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, Dental; A

1993
[Does method of anesthesia modify postoperative ischemia incidence? A study of patients after aortocoronary bypass operations].
    Anaesthesiologie und Reanimation, 1999, Volume: 24, Issue:5

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Coronary Artery Bypass; Electrocardiography; Enflurane; Fentanyl;

1999
A comparison of anaesthesia using remifentanil combined with either isoflurane, enflurane or propofol in patients undergoing gynaecological laparoscopy, varicose vein or arthroscopic surgery.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 2000, Volume: 44, Issue:7

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics, Inhalation; A

2000
Morbidity after day-case gynaecological surgery. Comparison of enflurane with halothane.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1979, Volume: 51, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Consciousness; Dilatation and Curetta

1979
A randomized study of changes in serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoproteins, and cortisol during cardiac surgery in patients anaesthetised with propofol-sufentanil vs enflurane-sufentanil. Cardiac Anaesthesia Research Group.
    Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 1990, Volume: 37, Issue:4 Pt 2

    Topics: Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Cholesterol; Coronary Artery Bypass; Enfl

1990
Randomized trial of primary anesthetic agents on outcome of coronary artery bypass operations.
    Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 70, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics; Clinical Trials as Topic; Coronary Artery Bypass; Enflurane; Fentanyl; Hal

1989
[Complaints in the postoperative phase related to anesthetics].
    Der Anaesthesist, 1988, Volume: 37, Issue:12

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alfentanil; Analgesics; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Enflura

1988
Comparison of trichloroethylene and enflurane as adjuncts to nitrous oxide and relaxant anaesthesia.
    Anaesthesia, 1987, Volume: 42, Issue:12

    Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Adult; Alcuronium; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Female; Fentanyl; Human

1987
Role of nitrous oxide and other factors in postoperative nausea and vomiting: a randomized and blinded prospective study.
    Anesthesiology, 1987, Volume: 66, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Double-Blind Method; Enflurane; Female; Humans; Isoflurane; Mal

1987
The incidence of cardiac arrhythmias and arterial hypotension subsequent to standardized surgical stimuli in patients undergoing thoracotomy. With reference to enflurane and halothane.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1986, Volume: 30, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Electrocardiography; Enflurane; Female; H

1986
Recovery from day-case anaesthesia. The effect of different inhalational anaesthetic agents.
    Anaesthesia, 1985, Volume: 40, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Consciousness; Enflurane; Female; Hal

1985

Other Studies

37 other studies available for enflurane and Postoperative Complications

ArticleYear
Influence of propofol, isoflurane and enflurance on levels of serum interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 in cancer patients.
    Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP, 2014, Volume: 15, Issue:16

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Enflurane; Female; Humans; Inflammat

2014
Is enflurane hepatotoxic?
    Anesthesiology, 1984, Volume: 61, Issue:3

    Topics: Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Enflurane; Halothane; Humans; Postoperative Complications

1984
Prolonged anesthesia--management and sequelae of a two-day general anesthetic.
    Anesthesia and analgesia, 1984, Volume: 63, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, General; Body Temperature; Enflurane; Fingers; Humans; Intraoperative Complicatio

1984
Liver damage after halothane anaesthesia: analysis of cases in Finnish hospitals in 1972-1981.
    Annales chirurgiae et gynaecologiae, 1984, Volume: 73, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Autoantibodies; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury;

1984
Physostigmine reversal of midazolam-induced sedation.
    Anesthesiology, 1982, Volume: 57, Issue:2

    Topics: Aged; Anesthetics; Benzodiazepines; Consciousness; Enflurane; Humans; Male; Midazolam; Middle Aged;

1982
Survival of female geriatric patients after hip fracture surgery. A comparison of 5 anesthetic methods.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1982, Volume: 26, Issue:6

    Topics: Aged; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Epidural; Enflurane; Female; Halothane; Hip Fractures; Humans; Ketamin

1982
[Renal toxicity of enflurane Hypothesis or sureness? (author's transl)].
    Anesthesie, analgesie, reanimation, 1981, Volume: 38, Issue:9-10

    Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Enflurane; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications

1981
Postoperative seizure activity following enflurane anesthesia.
    Anesthesiology, 1980, Volume: 53, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Anesthetics; Animals; Cats; Electroencephalography; Enflurane; Female; Humans; Postoperative

1980
Acute hepatitis following enflurane anaesthesia.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1980, Volume: 52, Issue:11

    Topics: Acute Disease; Amputation, Surgical; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury;

1980
Postanaesthetic myoglobinuric renal failure: an isolated expression of malignant hyperthermia.
    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 1994, Volume: 9, Issue:5

    Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Anesthesia; Enflurane; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Male; Malignant Hyperthermia

1994
Impact of anesthetic agents on patients with sickle cell disease.
    The American surgeon, 1993, Volume: 59, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Anesthesia, Epidural; Anesthetics; Enflurane; Female; Halothane; Humans;

1993
Prolonged respiratory depression after anesthesia for parathyroidectomy in a patient with juvenile type of acid maltase deficiency.
    Journal of clinical anesthesia, 1996, Volume: 8, Issue:7

    Topics: alpha-Glucosidases; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Child; Enflurane; Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase; Glycoge

1996
Differential diagnosis of postoperative liver failure in a 12-year-old child.
    International journal of legal medicine, 1996, Volume: 109, Issue:4

    Topics: Acetaminophen; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver In

1996
Acute hepatitis following enflurane anaesthesia.
    Anaesthesia and intensive care, 1997, Volume: 25, Issue:1

    Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Enflurane; Fe

1997
Fatal hyperammonaemia in argininosuccinic aciduria following enflurane anaesthesia.
    European journal of pediatrics, 1998, Volume: 157, Issue:2

    Topics: Adolescent; Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Ammonia; Anesthetics, Inhalation; Arginine; Argini

1998
[Clinical evaluation of the new anesthetic "Ethrane"].
    Annales de l'anesthesiologie francaise, 1975, Volume: 16, Issue:8

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Alanine Transaminase; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Aspartate Aminotransferases;

1975
[Influences of different anaesthetic techniques on serum levels of hepatic enzymes and of bilirubin (author's transl)].
    Praktische Anasthesie, Wiederbelebung und Intensivtherapie, 1979, Volume: 14, Issue:5

    Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Epidural; Aspartate Aminotransfe

1979
Anesthetic considerations for aortocoronary bypass graft surgery.
    The Annals of thoracic surgery, 1979, Volume: 27, Issue:4

    Topics: Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Coronary Artery Bypass; Coronar

1979
Methodology of a prospective study of changes in liver enzyme concentrations following repeat anaesthetics.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1979, Volume: 51, Issue:12

    Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Halothane; Humans; Liver; Medical Records; Methods; Postoperative

1979
A comparative study of halothane and enflurane in paediatric outpatient anaesthesia.
    Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 1978, Volume: 22, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Akathisia, Drug-Induced; Ambulatory Care; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Child; Child, Preschoo

1978
[Anesthesia and postoperative treatment in thymectomy for myasthenia gravis. Results in 190 cases].
    Minerva anestesiologica, 1978, Volume: 44, Issue:3

    Topics: Anesthesia, Endotracheal; Enflurane; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Myasthenia Gravis; Postope

1978
Changes in liver enzyme values after halothane and enflurane for surgical anesthesia.
    Southern medical journal, 1978, Volume: 71, Issue:7

    Topics: Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Anesthesia, General; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Ind

1978
[Anesthesia in surgery of the veins].
    Acta chirurgica Iugoslavica, 1977, Volume: 24, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Halothane; Humans; Leg; Methods; Middle Aged; Postoperativ

1977
[The ethrane-pancuronium bromide combination in vascular surgery].
    Minerva anestesiologica, 1976, Volume: 42, Issue:9

    Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Drug Evaluation; Enflurane; Humans; Methyl Ethers; Pancuronium; Postoperativ

1976
[A case of postoperative hepatic injury after sevoflurane anesthesia].
    Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology, 1992, Volume: 41, Issue:11

    Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthetics; Cross Reactions; Enflurane; Ethers; Humans; Liver Diseases; Mal

1992
Focal seizure following enflurane.
    Anaesthesia, 1992, Volume: 47, Issue:1

    Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Humans; Male; Methocarbamol; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complicat

1992
Post-operative headache--a multifactorial analysis.
    European journal of anaesthesiology, 1991, Volume: 8, Issue:1

    Topics: Acetaminophen; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Enflurane; Female; Halothane; Headac

1991
Does choice of anesthetic agent significantly affect outcome after coronary artery surgery?
    Anesthesiology, 1989, Volume: 70, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthetics; Diazepam; Enflurane; Female; Fentanyl; Halothane; Humans; Isoflurane; Keta

1989
Retrospective study of early postoperative convulsions after intracranial surgery with isoflurane or enflurane anaesthesia.
    British journal of anaesthesia, 1989, Volume: 62, Issue:6

    Topics: Anesthesia, Inhalation; Brain; Enflurane; Humans; Isoflurane; Postoperative Complications; Respirati

1989
Propofol and emesis.
    Anaesthesia, 1988, Volume: 43 Suppl

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Anesthesia, Intravenous; Anesthetics; Enflurane; Female; Genital D

1988
Recovery and morbidity after daycase anaesthesia. A comparison of propofol with thiopentone-enflurane with and without alfentanil.
    Anaesthesia, 1988, Volume: 43, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Alfentanil; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia Recovery Period; Anesthesia, General;

1988
Delayed convulsions after day case anaesthesia with enflurane.
    Anaesthesia, 1987, Volume: 42, Issue:12

    Topics: Adult; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Humans; Male; Postoperativ

1987
[Anesthesia for keratoplasty].
    Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1986, Volume: 34, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Anesthesia, General; Corneal Transplantation; Enflurane; Female; Humans; Intraoperative

1986
Status epilepticus following enflurane anaesthesia.
    Anaesthesia, 1986, Volume: 41, Issue:9

    Topics: Adolescent; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complicati

1986
Delayed convulsions following enflurane anaesthesia.
    Anaesthesia, 1986, Volume: 41, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Enflurane; Humans; Male; Postoperative Complications; Seizures; Time

1986
Postoperative hepatic dysfunction after halothane or enflurane anesthesia in patients with hyperthyroidism.
    Anesthesiology, 1986, Volume: 64, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug

1986
[Post-anesthetic stage after inhalation of halothane, enflurane, isoflurane and nitrous oxide].
    Cahiers d'anesthesiologie, 1985, Volume: 33, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Anesthesia, Inhalation; Dizziness; Enflurane; Female; Halothane; Humans; Isoflurane; Male; Me

1985