endothelin-1 and Pericardial-Effusion

Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by high pulmonary blood pressure, vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy. In the present study, we investigated whether genistein would prevent the development of low temperature-induced pulmonary hypertension in broilers. Hemodynamic parameters, vascular remodeling, the expression of endothelial nitric oxide and endothelin-1 content in lung tissue were evaluated. The results demonstrated that genistein significantly reduced pulmonary arterial hypertension and suppressed pulmonary arterial vascular remodeling without affecting broilers' performance. The beneficial effects appeared to be mediated by restoring endothelial function especially endothelial nitric oxide and endothelin-1, two critical vasoactive molecules that associated with the development of hypertension. Genistein supplementation might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.

Topics: Animals; Ascites; Chickens; Cold Temperature; Cyclic GMP; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endothelin-1; Endothelium, Vascular; Genistein; Hemodynamics; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Lung; Male; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; Pericardial Effusion; Phytoestrogens; Poultry Diseases; Weight Gain

To evaluate pericardial endothelin (ET) secretion by the human pericardial mesothelial cells.. Plasma, pericardial fluid and pericardial tissue were obtained in 51 patients receiving open heart surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting, elective heart valvuloplasty or valve replacement). ET concentrations in the plasma, pericardial fluid and pericardial tissues were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). ET mRNA expression in the human pericardium was detected by in situ hybridization.. (1) The levels of ET in human pericardial fluid was significantly higher than that in the plasma [(128.8 +/- 44.0) ng/L vs. (93.7 +/- 28.6) ng/L, P < 0.001]; (2) ET concentration in the pericardial tissue was (510.3 +/- 156.7) ng/kg; (3) In situ hybridization technique evidenced the abundant ET mRNA expression in human pericardial mesothelial cells.. The study indicated that pericardium secreted ET into the pericardial space.

Topics: Coronary Artery Bypass; Endothelin-1; Endothelins; Humans; Pericardial Effusion; Pericardium

There is epidemiologic evidence that the prognosis of patients with nonischemic heart failure is better than that for patients with ischemic heart failure. In addition, studies have revealed that patients with ischemic heart failure show a poorer response to medical therapy. However, the pathophysiologic difference between ischemic and nonischemic heart disease is unclear. To clarify this point, we measured atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, angiotensin II, endothelin (ET)-1. interleukin-1beta interleukin-6. tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha soluble TNF receptor I, and soluble TNF receptor II concentrations in plasma and pericardial fluid in patients with ischemic or nonischemic heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. The pericardial ET-1 concentration in patients with ischemic heart disease was statistically greater than that in patients with nonischemic heart disease (about 1.5-fold), although no difference was found in the plasma ET-1 concentration. These findings suggest that the production and secretion of ET-1 from the myocardium in patients with ischemic heart disease are augmented to a greater extent than in patients with nonischemic heart disease. This result may lead to a greater understanding of the pathophysiology of ischemic heart disease.

Topics: Angiotensin II; Atrial Natriuretic Factor; Endothelin-1; Growth Substances; Humans; Myocardial Ischemia; Myocardium; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; Pericardial Effusion; Prognosis; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor

In the uncomplicated course of myocardial infarction (MI), the level of endothelin-1 (ET-1) comes to be increased beginning from day 1 and remains the same during the acute phase of the disease and gets decreased during the subacute phase. In MI presenting with parietal thrombosis, left ventricular aneurism, the level of ET-1 increases during the first period of 24 hours, increasing further toward the end of the acute phase, there being no decrease in the subacute phase. In MI presenting with pericardial effusion, an increase in the level of ET-1 is seen during the first period of 24 hours of the disease with no rise being recordable in peptide concentration during the acute and subacute phases. There is a positive correlation between the level of ET-1 and size of the heart cavities in the systole and diastole, pressure in the pulmonary artery, and a negative one with indices for the systolic function.

Topics: Endothelin-1; Female; Heart Aneurysm; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Myocardial Infarction; Pericardial Effusion; Thrombosis