endothelin-1 and Metabolic-Diseases

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) defines a well-known cluster of metabolic disturbances associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of soluble lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1 (sLOX-1) levels in patients with MetS, possible association of sLOX-1 with oxidized LDL (oxLDL), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nitric oxide (NOx), endothelin-1 (ET-1), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), and arylesterase (ARE) activities, and these parameters compared with healthy controls.. A total of 55 patients (37 women, 18 men) with MetS and 29 healthy controls (19 women, 10 men) with a body mass index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m(2) were enrolled in the study.. sLOX-1, oxLDL, and ET-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with MetS than in control subjects (P = 0.023 P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). MetS patients have significantly lower eNOS and NOx levels, and PON1 and ARE activities than control subjects (P = 0.017, P < 0.004, P < 0.001, and P = 0.010, respectively). A positive correlation was observed between the sLOX-1 levels and the oxLDL, ET-1, BMI, glucose levels. ET-1 levels also exhibited significant negative correlation with ARE activity.. sLOX-1 levels are associated with cardiovascular risk factors, such as increased oxLDL, obesity, and diabetes, in patients with MetS. An increased concentration of sLOX-1 could be an early predictor of endothelial damage in MetS. In addition, it appears that oxLDL, ET-1, eNOS, NOx, PON1, and ARE activities may accurately reflect the levels of endothelial dysfunction in MetS patients.

Topics: Adult; Aryldialkylphosphatase; Body Mass Index; Endothelin-1; Female; Humans; Lipoproteins, LDL; Logistic Models; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; ROC Curve; Scavenger Receptors, Class E

To identify the risk factors of kidney injuries in hypertensive patients with uric acid (UA) metabolic disorders in order to choose the optimal management tactics, by analyzing the changes in markers for endothelial dysfunction (endothelin-1 (ET-1), microalbuminuria (MAU), intima-media thickness (IMT)) and tubulointerstitial tissue lesion (beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1)).. Eighty-one patients with grade 1 hypertension without associated diseases, diabetes mellitus, or metabolic syndrome were examined. There were 3 study groups: 1) hyperuricosuria (n = 7); 2) hyperuricemia (n = 53); 3) hyperuricemia and renal failure (n = 6); and a control group of 15 hypertensive patients without UA metabolic disorders who were matched for age and gender with the patients of the study groups.. The hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia, as compared with those without UA metabolic disorders, showed higher plasma concentrations of ET-1 (p = 0.003) and MAU (p = 0.009) and more marked increases in common carotid IMT (p = 0.044), urinary excretion of beta2-MG (p = 0.010), and MCP-1 (p = 0.030). There were direct correlations between all the examined biomarkers and the degree of uricemia (Rs = 0.453; p < 0.001; Rs = 0.411; p < 0.001; Rs = 0.322; p = 0.067; Rs = 0.537; p < 0.001; and Rs = 0.318; p = 0.004, respectively) and between the markers of endothelial dysfunction and those of tubulointerstitial tissue lesion (Rs = 0.295 for ET-1 and MCP-1; p = 0.008; Rs = 0.399 for ET-1 and beta2-MG; p < 0.001; Rs = 0.462 for MAU and beta2-MG; p < 0.001; and Rs = 0.188 for MAU and MCP-1; p = 0.094). Multivariate analysis of the clinical and laboratory parameters under study confirmed the role of serum MCP-1, beta2-MG, MAU, creatinine levels as independent predictors for decreased relative urinary gravity, the clinical sign of tubulointerstitial tissue lesion/fibrosis, and that of a wider range of the indicators, such as MAU, ventricular septal thickness, glomerular filtration rate, relative urinary gravity, systolic blood pressure, MPC-1, low-density lipoproteins, as risk factors for renal filtrating dysfunction.

Topics: Albuminuria; beta 2-Microglobulin; Biomarkers; Chemokine CCL2; Comorbidity; Endothelin-1; Endothelium; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hyperuricemia; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitial; Renal Insufficiency; Risk Factors; Uric Acid

Endothelium function was assessed from endothelium-dependent vasodilation and plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in 16 patients with arterial hypertyension (AH) and insulin resistance (IR) and compared with that in 22 patients with AH without IR. IR was diagnosed indirectly from the fasting glucose-to-insulin ratio in venous blood below 6. Additional studies included round-the-clock monitoring arterial pressure, reactive hyperemia test, and immunoreactive ET-1 assay. Major changes revealed in the patients with AH and IR were a smaller-than-normal diameter of the humeral artery, its decreased incremental growth, and elevated plasma ET-1 compared with the AH patients without IR. It is concluded that patients with AH and IR exhibit more pronounced dysfunction of endothelium than patients with AH without metabolic disorders.

Topics: Adult; Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; Endothelin-1; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Insulin Resistance; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Vasodilation

Circulating endothelin-1 concentration was evaluated in 93 lean patients with essential hypertension, of whom 16 had impaired glucose tolerance and hyperlipidaemia, 25 had impaired glucose tolerance, 28 had hyperlipidaemia and 24 had no metabolic abnormalities; we also studied 22 control subjects. All groups were age- and sex-matched. Plasma endothelin-1 levels were higher (p < 0.05) in hypertensive patients with impaired glucose tolerance and hyperlipidaemia than in the remaining groups and were directly correlated with fasting insulin levels (r = 0.506, p = 0.045). Therefore, circulating endothelin-1 concentrations are elevated in hypertensive patients with a high-risk profile due to the presence of metabolic abnormalities, and might favour the development of vascular damage.

Topics: Cohort Studies; Endothelin-1; Fasting; Female; Glucose Intolerance; Humans; Hyperlipidemias; Hypertension; Insulin; Male; Metabolic Diseases; Middle Aged; Risk Factors