endothelin-1 and Burns--Electric

To observe the effects of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) on the inflammatory response and vascular injury in rat after electric burn.. A homemade regulator and transformer apparatus was used to reproduce the model of electric burn (0.5 cm×0.5 cm in size) with depth from full-thickness to full-thickness skin plus muscle and bone on the middle of the inside of right hind limb in 60 Wistar rats. The open wounds were covered with 20 g/L sulfadiazine silver paste immediately after injury. The wound condition was observed every day. The injured rats were divided into group LMWH and control group (C) according to the random number table, with 30 rats in each group. Rats in group LMWH were given subcutaneous injection of LMWH (1 U/g) in abdominal wall, 2 times a day. No other treatment was given in rats in group C. On post burn day (PBD) 3, 5, and 10, 10 rats respectively of two groups were sacrificed. The damaged tissue of wound and that around the wound (1.0 cm×0.5 cm in size) were excised, and heart blood was obtained. The pathological changes and thrombosis in damaged tissue were observed with HE, Masson, and aldehyde fuchsin staining, and the thrombosis rate was calculated. Serum contents of TNF-α and endothelin-1 were determined with ELISA. The mRNA expression of TNF-α in damaged tissue was detected with RT-PCR. Data were processed with Levene homogeneity test, analysis of variance of factorial design, LSD- t test, SNK- q test, and Friedman M nonparametric test.. (1) The injured limb of rats was obviously swollen after electric burn, which reached deeply to the muscle and bone. Compared with those of group C, the swelling of rats subsided slightly faster and the inflammatory response was lighter in group LMWH at each time point. (2) The necrosis of damaged tissue and profuse infiltration of inflammatory cells were observed. Dilatation of blood vessels, congestion and thrombosis, and swelling, necrosis, and desquamation of vascular endothelial cells were observed in the damaged tissue. Damaged blood vessel wall, ruptured elastic fiber, loss of internal elastic membrane, and other pathological changes were observed in the damaged tissue of rats in the two groups. Above lesions were improved gradually along with the passage of time, and the improvement was more obvious in rats of group LMWH compared with that of group C on PBD 5 and 10. (3) The thrombosis rates of rats in group LMWH were obviously lower than those of rats in group C (F = 4.921, P < 0.05). The thrombosis rates of rats in group LMWH on PBD 3 and 10 were respectively (0.07 ± 0.11)% and (0.03 ± 0.05)%, which were significantly lower than those of rats in group C [(0.16 ± 0.15)% and (0.13 ± 0.18)%, with t values respectively 2.17 and 2.07, P values below 0.05]. In group LMWH, the thrombosis rate of rats on PBD 10 was obviously lower than that on PBD 3 (t = 3.61, P < 0.05). (4) The serum contents of TNF-α and endothelin-1 of rats in group LMWH were significantly lower than those of rats in group C (F = 47.161, χ(2) = 81.46, P values below 0.01). In group LMWH, TNF-α contents were respectively (71 ± 24), (74 ± 14), (72 ± 20) pg/mL, and endothelin-1 contents were respectively (20.9 ± 3.2), (19.8 ± 5.2), (18.6 ± 1.1) ng/mL on PBD 3, 5, and 10, and they were significantly lower than those of rats in group C [(195 ± 148), (96 ± 20), (159 ± 46) pg/mL and (38.8 ± 15.4), (27.9 ± 3.6), (25.6 ± 7.6) ng/mL, with t values from 3.81 to 8.05, q values from 4.41 to 7.85, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. (5) The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α in damaged tissue of rats in group LMWH were significantly lower than those of rats in group C (F = 199.113, P < 0.01). The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α of rats in group LMWH were respectively 0.93 ± 0.10, 1.15 ± 0.12, 1.21 ± 0.11 on PBD 3, 5, and 10, and they were significantly lower than those of group C (1.68 ± 0.15, 1.43 ± 0.12, 1.50 ± 0.13, with t values from 3.75 to 6.12, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). In group LMWH, the mRNA expression leve. LMWH intervention can ameliorate vascular injury and inflammatory response of electrically burned wounds in rats, and it decreases thrombosis rate in the vessels of injured limb.

Topics: Animals; Anticoagulants; Burns, Electric; Endothelin-1; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Serum; Treatment Outcome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular System Injuries

To elucidate the effects of high voltage electrical injury on the mRNA expression of iNOS And endothelin-1 (ET-1) in rabbit myocardium.. Rabbits inflicted by high voltage electrical injury were employed as the model. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and serum enzyme measurement were used in the detection of the expression levels of iNOS mRNA and ET-1 mRNA of rabbit myocardial tissue and plasma creatine kinase (CK) content.. The expression of iNOS mRNA in rabbit myocardial tissue after high voltage electrical injury increased at 6 to 8 postburn hours (PBH) and decreased thereafter. The plasma contents of CK and ET-1 mRNA reached their peak values at 2 PBH.. The increase of iNOS mRNA might protect myocardial tissue from electrical injury.

Topics: Animals; Burns, Electric; Endothelin-1; Myocardium; Nitric Oxide; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Rabbits; RNA, Messenger

To evaluate the mechanisms of thrombosis in the early stage of electrical injury.. Endothelin-1(ET-1), prostacylin(PGI2), platelet alpha-granule membrane protein (Gmp-140), thromboxane (TXB2), and plasminogen(PLG-A) were measured in 26 patients with electrical injury.. It was found that GMP-140 and ET-1 increased significantly(P < 0.01), PLG-A showed a significant change 2 weeks after the injury, while there was an imbalance between TXB2 and PGI2.. It is believed that change in one or several mediators mentioned above may trigger thrombosis after electrical injury.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Burns, Electric; Endothelin-1; Epoprostenol; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; P-Selectin; Thrombosis; Thromboxane B2

The study was designed to investigate the changes in some rheological parameters and ET-1 in venous blood following electrical burns.. One of the hind limbs of rabbits was subjected to 3000 V, 2.5 A charge of alternative electric current for 3 seconds. Rheological parameters such as red cell deformability (RED) and platelet aggregation rate (PAR), as well as endothelin-1 (ET-1) in venous blood drained from electrical burn wounds and contents of ATP in damaged muscle were measured at time intervals of 2 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h postburn.. The changes in the parameters mentioned above were significant following electrical injury. The administration of PGE1 showed an advantageous effect in prevention of thrombosis and muscle "progressive necrosis" through improvement in RCD, reduction of PAR and the content of ET-1 in local circulation.. RCD, PAR and the content of ET-1 in local circulation changed significantly following electric injury and may play an important role in the process of "progressive necrosis". The potential use of PGE1 in the treatment of electrical injury is proposed.

Topics: Alprostadil; Animals; Burns, Electric; Endothelin-1; Erythrocyte Deformability; Female; Hemorheology; Male; Muscle, Skeletal; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Rabbits