enalapril and Bronchial-Hyperreactivity

Twenty-one subjects with known bronchial hyperreactivity were prospectively randomized in double-blind fashion to receive one of two angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I), enalapril or spirapril, for three weeks. Spirometry and methacholine provocation were performed prior to, during, and following ACE-I usage. Three of 21 subjects developed a nonproductive cough. However, only one subject wheezed slightly. Spirometry and bronchial reactivity (PD20) were unchanged throughout the study.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Asthma; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Bronchial Provocation Tests; Cough; Double-Blind Method; Drug Tolerance; Enalapril; Female; Humans; Male; Methacholine Chloride; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Single-Blind Method

We investigated the effects of single and chronic oral administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs. Ozone exposure (3 ppm for 2 h) significantly increased airway responsiveness in vehicle-treated animals and in animals with either single or chronic administration (8 days) of drugs. Single administration of imidapril, enalapril and captopril significantly potentiated ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness at a dose of 100, 50 and 50 mg/kg, respectively, although these doses did not influence airway responsiveness in normal guinea pigs, i.e., the magnitude of potentiation was captopril > enalapril > imidapril. In the study of chronic administration of the drugs, imidapril (10-100 mg/kg per day) had no influence on airway responsiveness in both normal and ozone-treated animals. In contrast, captopril and enalapril (10-100 mg/kg per day) dose-dependently potentiated ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, with no influence on airway responsiveness in normal animals. That is, the magnitude was enalapril > captopril. These results indicate that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors potentiate airway responsiveness in ozone-treated guinea pigs but not in normal guinea pigs and that imidapril is less potent than enalapril and captopril in potentiating ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in guinea pigs.

Topics: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; Animals; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Captopril; Drug Synergism; Enalapril; Guinea Pigs; Imidazoles; Imidazolidines; Male; Ozone; Respiratory Function Tests

Topics: Aged; Bronchial Hyperreactivity; Cough; Enalapril; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Middle Aged