elastin and Intestinal-Diseases

Equol is a major isoflavone metabolite, and equol-producing bacteria have been isolated and characterized; however, fermentation has been performed with soybean-based products as substrates. Pueraria lobata has been reported as a plant with higher content of isoflavones.. The genome of new equol-producing bacteria, Lactobacillus paracasei JS1, was analyzed. Also, the effect of P. lobata extract fermented with L. paracasei JS1 (FPE) on the skin and intestinal immune response was examined. With gene expression analysis, it was proven that seven skin-related proteins, hyaluronan synthase-1, -2, -3, collagen, elastin, epidermal growth factor, and epidermal growth factor receptor were differentially expressed upon FPE treatment. The messenger RNA expression increased with treatment with the FPE, and a skin moisturizing effect was confirmed by a hematoxylin-eosin staining experiment. In addition, such an experiment showed that proinflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β, -4, and -6, were reduced in large intestine when treated with FPE.. L. paracasei JS1 has the ability to produce equol having beneficial effects on the skin. Moreover, FPE also has an inhibitory effect on inflammation cytokines in the large intestine. Thus, the novel and edible equol-producing L. paracasei JS1 and FPE have thepotential to be developed as nutricosmetic resources. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

Topics: Animals; Collagen; Elastin; Equol; Fermentation; Humans; Hyaluronan Synthases; Interleukin-1beta; Intestinal Diseases; Lacticaseibacillus paracasei; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; Probiotics; Skin Diseases

The aim of this study was to ascertain the incidence of mucosal prolapse changes in Hirschsprung's disease. Twenty-three random, consecutive resection specimens for this condition were analysed for the histological features of prolapse. Eight cases showed histological evidence suggesting mucosal prolapse at the junction between ganglionic and aganglionic bowel. Thickening and splaying of the muscularis mucosae with extension into the lamina propria, and the presence of metaplastic or hyperplastic tubules with goblet cell and cryptal hypertrophy were the dominant histological features found in the eight cases. In addition, an increase in elastic fibres in the lamina propria and diamond-shaped glands were seen to varying degrees in all eight cases. Mucosal prolapse was more prominent in the older patients and is, therefore, related to duration of symptoms. Differential pressures in ganglionic and aganglionic segments of bowel, together with faecal stream and straining are likely to be of pathogenetic significance.

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Elastin; Female; Hirschsprung Disease; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intestinal Diseases; Intestine, Large; Male; Mucous Membrane; Prolapse

We investigated the use of a sheet of polypentapeptide of elastin as a physical barrier to adhesion formation in a contaminated peritoneal wound model. A total of 88 rats were studied with random assignment of animals to three study groups; control (29), polypentapeptide steam sterilized (30), and polypentapeptide gas sterilized (29). Animals were anesthetized and a laparotomy was conducted to reveal the cranial portion of the ileum. The abdominal wall muscle peritoneum was excoriated until hemorrhage was noted. In sham animals, there was no physical barrier placed between bowel loop and the abdominal wall. In two of the study groups, the polypentapeptide sheet was placed directly over the excoriated area. The intestinal loop was then loosely secured to excoriated area with 2-O nylon (stay suture) which was tied subcutaneously in all groups. Four puncture wounds were made with a 20-gauge hypodermic needle in the bowel that was apposed to the excoriated peritoneal musculature which allowed leakage of intestinal contents and contamination. On Day 7 postsurgery, the animals were anesthetized and the stay suture was removed. On Day 14, all animals were sacrificed and adhesions were graded. The incidence of significant adhesions was 28% for the barrier group versus 90% for control animals (P < 0.05). The results of this study indicate that the polypentapeptide of elastin sheet is an effective physical barrier in this surgically induced contaminated wound model.

Topics: Animals; Elastin; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Intestinal Diseases; Intestines; Peritoneum; Polymers; Postoperative Complications; Prostheses and Implants; Punctures; Rats; Tissue Adhesions

A 15-year-old Japanese girl had widespread annular serpiginous erythematous plaques, bilateral granulomatous uveitis, bloody diarrhea, and seronegative arthralgia. She also had anemia and leukopenia. The histopathologic findings were compatible with those of annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma. Elastolytic granulomas were also found in the cervical lymph nodes, terminal ileum, parietal peritoneum, and mesentery. Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, hypercalcemia, and an increased level of angiotensin converting enzyme were not observed throughout the clinical course. To the best of our knowledge, systemic elastolytic granulomatosis has not been previously described in annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma or sarcoidosis. This case may represent a type of granulomatosis in the broad spectrum of annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma and sarcoidosis.

Topics: Adolescent; Elastin; Erythema; Female; Granuloma Annulare; Granuloma, Giant Cell; Humans; Intestinal Diseases; Lymphatic Diseases; Neck; Sarcoidosis; Uveitis