egg-white and Colitis

Active peptides, as an alternative nutrition supplement, have been confirmed to have beneficial efficacy against acute colitis. Herein, egg white peptides (EWPs) were used as a nutritional supplement to relieve dextran sulfate sodium-induced acute colitis symptoms. The potential multi-component synergetic pharmacological intervention mechanism of EWPs was investigated on the basis of

Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Colitis; Colon; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Egg White; Intestinal Mucosa; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Molecular Docking Simulation; Peptides; Signal Transduction

Egg white peptides (EWPs) can be effectively used to alleviate and treat inflammatory diseases due to their anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and microbiota regulation capabilities. A dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model was used to clarify the regulatory effects of EWPs on colitis. Forty-three peptide sequences were identified from EWPs using LC-MS/MS. The results demonstrated that EWPs decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the extent of crypt damage in a dose-dependent manner. 16S rRNA gene sequencing results indicated that 200 mg/kg EWPs significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Candidatus_Saccharimonas, and reduced the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria Ruminiclostridium and Akkermansia. In addition, the degree of correlation between pro-inflammatory cytokines and microbiota was as follows: interleukin (IL)-1β > IL-8 > IL-6 > tumor necrosis factor-α To summarize, EWPs contributed to the alleviation of colitis symptoms and the intestinal injury through anti-inflammatory effects, repair of intestinal mucosa, and modulation of gut microbiota.

Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Bacteria; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Colitis; Colon; Cytokines; Dextran Sulfate; Egg Proteins; Egg White; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Lactobacillus; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Peptides; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Salmonella enterica serovars Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is one of the most common causes of food borne illness. Bacterial growth environment plays an important role in regulating gene expression thereby affecting the virulence profile of the bacteria. Different foods present diverse growth conditions which may affect the pathogenic potential of the bacteria. In the present study, the effect of food environments on the pathogenic potential of S. Enteritidis has been evaluated. S. Enteritidis was grown in different foods e.g. egg white, peanut butter and milk, and virulent phenotypes were compared to those grown in Luria Bertani broth. In-vivo experiments in C57BL/6 mice revealed S. Enteritidis grown in egg white did not induce significant (p<0.001) production of proinflammatory cytokines in mice and were unable to cause colitis despite efficient colonization in cecum, mesenteric lymph node, spleen and liver. Further studies revealed that bacteria grown in LB activated MAP Kinase and NFκB pathways efficiently, while those grown in egg white poorly activated the above pathways which can account for the decreased production of proinflammatory cytokines. qRT PCR analysis revealed SPI-1 effectors were downregulated in bacteria grown in egg white. Interestingly, bacteria grown in egg white showed reversal of phenotype upon change in growth media to LB. Additionally, bacteria grown in milk and peanut butter showed different degrees of virulence in mice as compared to those grown in LB media. Thus, the present study demonstrates that, S. Enteritidis grown in egg white colonizes systemic sites without causing colitis in a mouse model, while bacteria grown in milk and peanut butter show different pathogenicity profiles suggesting that food environments significantly affect the pathogenicity of S. Enteritidis.

Topics: Animals; Arachis; Cecum; Chickens; Colitis; Egg White; Foodborne Diseases; Immunomodulation; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Milk; Peptides; Salmonella enteritidis; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Virulence; Virulence Factors

Ovotransferrin (OVT), one of the major hen egg white proteins, was shown to possess antimicrobial and antioxidant activities in vitro. However, there is no information regarding the in vivo preventative effect in chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of OVT in a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. OVT (50 or 250 mg/kg BW) was given orally for 14 days to female BALB/c mice, and 5% DSS (MW 36-50 kDa) was used to induce acute colitis (days 7-14) via drinking water. The current in vivo study demonstrated that OVT significantly reduced clinical signs, weight loss, shortening of the colon, and inflammatory cytokine markers of disease. The histopathological analysis of the colon revealed that OVT reduced histological scores. These results indicate that the use of OVT may be a potential promising candidate for the prevention of IBD.

Topics: Animals; Chickens; Colitis; Conalbumin; Cytokines; Dextrans; Disease Models, Animal; Egg White; Female; Humans; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Sulfates