echinochrome-a and Liver-Diseases

Sepsis is an inevitable stage of bacterial invasion characterized by the deregulated inflammatory response, resulting in multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Acute liver injury is a common and serious complication in patients with severe sepsis. The most of conventional antibiotics in managing sepsis are effective, but they are accompanied by undesirable side effects. Therefore, the ongoing study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of echinochrome (Ech) pigment isolated from sea urchins on sepsis-induced liver damage using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model.. Male albino rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group, CLP-induced sepsis, and septic rats treated with Ech. The estimation of liver function markers and oxidative status were analyzed.. The results demonstrated that Ech administration significantly improved liver function, as indicated by the decreased liver enzyme activities such as alanine transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase, as well as the increase of albumin content. Moreover, Ech could counteract the hepatic oxidative stress induced by CLP via a marked increment in glutathione content and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-s-transferase), as well as downregulation of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and hydrogen peroxide formation. In addition, the Ech treatment repaired, to some extent, the abnormal architecture of hepatic tissues induced by polymicrobial infection.. In conclusion, Ech could be used as a potential alternative antiseptic remedy via oxidative damage attenuation.

Topics: Animals; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; Male; Naphthoquinones; Oxidative Stress; Paracentrotus; Pigments, Biological; Protective Agents; Quinones; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Sepsis; Treatment Outcome

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most public metabolic disorders. It is mainly classified into type 1 and type 2. Echinochrome is a pigment from sea urchins that has antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and chelating abilities.. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic mechanisms of echinochrome pigment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.. Thirty six male Wistar albino rats were divided into two main groups, type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes groups. Each group was divided into 3 subgroups (6 rats/subgroup); control, diabetic and echinochrome groups. Diabetic model was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (60mg/kg, i.p) for type 1 diabetes and by a high fat diet for 4weeks before the injection with streptozotocin (30mg/kg, i.p) for type 2 diabetes. Diabetic groups were treated orally with echinochrome extract (1mg/kg body weight in 10% DMSO) daily for 4weeks.. Echinochrome groups showed a reduction in the concentrations of glucose, MDA and the activities of arginase, AST, ALT, ALP and GGT. While it caused general increase in the levels of insulin, TB, DB, IB, NO and the activities of G6PD, GST, GPx, SOD and GSH. The histopathological investigation showed partial restoration of pancreatic islet cells and clear improvement in the hepatic architecture.. The suggested mechanism of Ech action in the reduction of diabetic complications in liver involved two pathways; through the hypoglycemic activity and the antioxidant role of Ech.

Topics: Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Islets of Langerhans; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; Male; Malondialdehyde; Naphthoquinones; Oxidative Stress; Rats; Rats, Wistar