docosapentaenoic-acid and Kidney-Failure--Chronic

To validate the polyunsaturated food frequency questionnaire (PUFA FFQ) and test for reproducibility in people with end stage renal disease on dialysis treatment.. Participants (n = 32) completed the PUFA FFQ and three 24-hour recalls. Erythrocyte samples (n = 29) were used for erythrocyte fatty acid analysis. The triangular relationship between the PUFA FFQ, 24-hour recalls and the biomarker was assessed using the method of triads. Agreement between the two dietary methods was also assessed using Bland-Altman plots and classification by quintiles. Reproducibility was tested on a subset of the group (n = 8).. The PUFA FFQ was a valid measure of all PUFA except for docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and arachidonic acid (AA). Strong validity coefficients were found for n-3 long-chain PUFA (LCPUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) of 0.914 (95% CI: 0.665, 0.997) and 0.889 (95% CI: 0.706, 0.994), respectively. In the Bland-Altman plots 91-100% of observations fell between the limits of agreement for all PUFA. There were significant correlations between the initial FFQ and the repeat FFQ for all PUFA except DPA and AA.. The PUFA FFQ is a valid tool for assessing PUFA intake in people with end stage renal disease.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arachidonic Acid; Body Mass Index; Cohort Studies; Diet; Diet Records; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Erythrocytes; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Mental Recall; Middle Aged; Renal Dialysis; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires

Little is known about risk factors for sudden cardiac death in hemodialysis patients during the high-risk first year of dialysis. We therefore undertook to identify such risk factors in a nationally representative cohort and were able to include baseline levels of blood fatty acids, some of which influence arrhythmogenicity and sudden cardiac death risk.. The study cohort included 100 patients who died of sudden cardiac death during the first year of hemodialysis and 300 frequency-matched controls. Using the elastic net statistical method, numerous demographic and clinical characteristics were included with baseline total serum levels for 11 major fatty acids (model 1) and with serum phospholipid fractions of these same fatty acids (model 2). Final models included only covariates that had a non-zero coefficient.. In model 1, serum albumin [odds ratio (95% CI): 0.55 (0.33-0.93); p = 0.03] and total serum long-chain n-3 docosapentaenoic acid [0.70 (0.51-0.97); p = 0.03] were inversely associated with the odds of sudden cardiac death, while the total serum saturated fatty acid level had a direct association [1.01 (1.00-1.02); p = 0.03]. In model 2, serum albumin and docosapentaenoic acid remained inversely associated with sudden cardiac death in a similar manner as in model 1. Pulse pressure also had an inverse association [0.96 (0.93-1.00); p < 0.05].. Several factors, including blood content of docosapentaenoic acid and saturated fatty acids, were associated with the odds of sudden cardiac death during year one of hemodialysis. These results raise the possibility that dietary modification may reduce sudden death risk.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Arachidonic Acid; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Death, Sudden, Cardiac; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Prospective Studies; Renal Dialysis; Risk Factors; Serum Albumin