docosapentaenoic-acid and Acute-Coronary-Syndrome

To assess the impact of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs) on coronary plaque instability.. Serum content of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was measured in 336 of 368 consecutive patients suspected of having coronary artery disease who underwent coronary angiography. Conventional and integrated backscatter intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS) parameters were analyzed in 116 patients with 128 coronary plaques, using a 43-MHz (motorized pullback 0.5mm/s) intravascular catheter (View It, Terumo Co., Japan). Lipid-rich plaques were classified into two categories according to their components.. Patients with acute coronary syndrome had significantly lower levels of ω3 PUFAs (especially of EPA and DPA) than those without it. IB-IVUS analyses showed that ω3 PUFAs correlated inversely with % lipid volume and positively with % fibrous volume. Patients with low EPA levels, low DPA levels, and low DHA levels had a significantly higher % lipid volume (p=0.048, p=0.008, and p=0.036, respectively) and a significantly lower % fibrous volume (p=0.035, p=0.008, and p=0.034, respectively) than those with high levels of these fatty acids. Even after adjustment for confounders, the presence of both low EPA and low DPA levels proved to be an independent predictor for lipid-rich plaques in any of the two categories.. A lower serum content of ω3 PUFAs (especially of EPA and DPA) was significantly associated with lipid-rich plaques, suggesting the contribution to the incidence of acute coronary syndrome.

Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Aged; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Biomarkers; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Artery Disease; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Plaque, Atherosclerotic; Ultrasonography; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA has been negatively associated with the risk of CHD among subjects with known CHD, whereas an effect in healthy subjects is less documented. We assessed the hypothesis that dietary intake of marine n-3 PUFA is negatively associated with the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in healthy subjects. In the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort study, 57 053 participants were enrolled. Dietary intake of total n-3 PUFA, including EPA, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and DHA, was assessed. During a mean follow-up period of 7.6 years, we identified all cases (n 1150) from this cohort with an incident ACS diagnosis in the Danish National Patient Registry or the Cause of Death Registry. Diagnoses were verified through medical record review. In Cox proportional hazard models, we adjusted for established risk factors for CHD. Men in the four highest quintiles of n-3 PUFA intake (>0.39 g n-3 PUFA per d) had a lower incidence of ACS compared with men in the lowest quintile. The hazard ratio was 0.83 (95 % CI 0.67, 1.03) when we compared men in the second lowest and lowest quintile of n-3 PUFA intake. Higher intake of n-3 PUFA did not strengthen this association. Associations for EPA, DPA and DHA were all negative, but less consistent. No convincing associations were found among women. In conclusion, we found borderline significant negative associations between the intake of marine n-3 PUFA and ACS among healthy men.

Topics: Acute Coronary Syndrome; Cohort Studies; Denmark; Diet Surveys; Dietary Fats; Docosahexaenoic Acids; Eicosapentaenoic Acid; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Proportional Hazards Models; Reference Values; Risk Factors; Seafood; Sex Factors